BIOD 151 Module 6 Exam Questions and Correct Answers, With Complete Solution 2024.

BIOD 151 Module 6 Exam Questions and Correct Answers, With Complete Solution 2024. Explain two reasons why a woman with low levels of LH would not be able to become pregnant. (1) LH acts on the ovary to cause ovulation to occur. (2) LH causes progesterone release to facilitate potential fertilization of the egg and pregnancy. Progesterone is a key hormone for the maintenance of pregnancy. Would you expect a female to have testosterone in their bloodstream? Explain why or why not. (1) Yes. Both male and female bodies produce "all" the sex hormones. However, the ratios are different. (2) The adrenal glands are largely responsible for producing this "opposite" hormone that the ovaries would not. Label the endocrine glands (A-D) A: ______________ B: ______________ C: ______________ D: ______________ A: Thyroid gland B: Adrenal gland C: Kidney D: Pancreas 3. Label the endocrine glands (A-C) A: Pineal gland B: Hypothalamus C: Pituitary gland Explain the concept of negative feedback and how it helps to maintain homeostasis. 1- The effect or increased level of the hormone acts to shut down the con!nued release of the hormone. 2- The brain is constantly monitoring hormone levels to keep levels within a certain range or set-point (homeostasis). Nega!ve feedback is a way of "turning off" hormone produc!on when the desired level is achieved 4. Explain the concept of positive feedback. Give an example of a hormone that works through positive feedback. 1- Positive feedback is the action of a hormone increasing the production of that hormone. (This is the opposite of negative feedback). 2- One example is the action of oxytocin causing the uterus to contract during labor. Oxytocin enhances the effect of the uterus contractions, causing more oxytocin to be released. The positive feedback loop is stopped once the baby is born and the uterus no longer needs to contract, stopping the production of oxytocin. This type of hormone is derived from cholesterol: A. Peptide hormones B. Catecholamines C. Steroid hormones D. Tyrosine C 5. This type of hormone is derived from proteins: A. Peptide hormones B. Catecholamines C. Steroid hormones D. Tyrosine A 6. Growth hormone____ A. is most active during childhood/adolescence. B. can cause disease if levels are not correct. C. cannot affect an adult. D. A &B D 6. Growth hormone______ A. is most active during adulthood. B. is produced by the anterior pituitary gland. C. underproduction is called acromegaly. D. A &C B 7. Neurosecretory cells are a part of what endocrine organ? Thalamus Pituitary Cerebellum Hypothalamus Hypothalmus 7. Neurons in the hypothalamus are called ______ Neurosecretory Vasopressin Melanocytes Somatotropic Neurosecretory 8. Which hormone production is increased with sunlight? MSH -melanocyte stimulating hormone Melatonin Cortisol GH -Growth hormone MSH -melanocyte stimulating hormone 8. Which hormone production is decreased with sunlight? A. MSH -melanocyte stimulating hormone B. melatonin C. cortisol D. GH -Growth hormone B 9. The posterior pituitary stores these two hormones: ADH and LH ADH and Oxytocin LH and FSH TSH and Prolactin ADH and Oxytocin 9. The posterior pituitary stores these two hormones: ADH and Prolactin TSH and LH LH and FSH ADH and Oxytocin ADH and Oxytocin 10. List the hormone(s) that best describes the statement below: I lower the level of calcium in the blood by depositing calcium into bone. Calcitonin 10. List the hormone(s) that best describes the statement below: I promote the reabsorption of water at the collecting ducts of the kidneys. ADH 11. List the hormone(s) that best describes the statement below: I am secreted by the pituitary and stimulate the gonads. FSH, LH, (Gonadotropic hormones) 11. List the hormone(s) that best describes the statement below: I am secreted by the pituitary to stimulate the thyroid. TSH 12. List the hormone(s) that best describes the statement below: I am secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas. Insulin 12. List the hormone(s) that best describes the statement below: I am secreted by the pituitary to stimulate the adrenal cortex. ACTH 13. List the hormone(s) that best describes the statement below: I cause blood glucose to rise and breakdown stored nutrients. Glucagon 13. List the hormone(s) that best describes the statement below: I am secreted by the alpha cells of the pancreas. Glucagon 14. Answer the following question. Explain in detail how PTH and calcitonin work to maintain calcium balance. Calcitonin: produced by the thyroid glands, deposits calcium into bone. Calcitonin opposes the ac!on of PTH. When the blood calcium level reaches the appropriate level through all these means, the parathyroid glands stop producing PTH through nega!ve feedback. PTH: produced by the parathyroid glands increase the amount of calcium in the blood. (Any one of the following explana!ons of PTH is acceptable) PTH s!mulates the increased absorp!on of calcium from the intes!nes. PTH retains calcium through excre!ng phosphate at the kidneys. In the bones, PTH promotes the ac!vity of osteoclasts to demineralize of the bone, increasing the amount of calcium in the blood. 14. Explain why it would be harmful to have an increased secretion of ACTH in someone who is diabetic. ACTH controls the secretion of cortisol from the adrenal cortex. Increased levels of ACTH would cause increased levels of cortisol within the blood. Cortisol increases blood glucose levels which will decrease the effectiveness of insulin treatments. 15. Which hormone/s are involved in milk production? A. Thyroxin B. Oxytocin C. Prolactin D. B &C E. A&B C 15. Where is thyroid stimulating hormone produced? A. Pineal B. Thyroid C. Thymus D. Anterior Pituitary E. Posterior Pituitary D