BILINGUAL CERTIFICATION EXAM 2024 STUDY
GUIDE WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION
Acculturation
mutual respect and interchange among cultural groups
assimilation
a minority group gives up their values and language to adopt those of the majority group
transculturation
small scale adoption of cultural values with very little visible impact
ethnoconvergence
people self-dividing themselves into smaller ethic groups within a "superethnicity" such
as nationality
Sheltered English instruction
involves the modification and simplification of complex English structures in order for the
language to be comprehensible for ELLS
Transitional/early-exit bilingual program
emphasizes L2 development but the use of L1 ensures that students will not fall behind
when introducing academic concepts
ESL programs
involve monolingual English instruction
dual immersion
involves students from two different language groups
Lau v. Nichols
Supreme Court ruled that limited-English-proficient students should receive equal
access to education under the Civil Rights Act; determined that identical education does
not constitute equal education; Supreme Court recognized the authority of the
Department of Education to establish regulations for compliance with the 1964 Civil
Rights Act
Castaneda v. Pickard
Supreme Court case which determined the criteria schools should use to educate
students with limited English proficiency; implementation of bilingual programs must be
based on sound research
Meyer v. Nebraska
overturned the 1919 Nebraska statue claiming that "no person, individually or as a
teacher, shall, in any private denominational, parochial or public school teach any
subject to any person in any language"
Plyler v. Doe
court ruled that children could not be denied an education based on immigration status;
resulted in the guarantee of the rights of undocumented immigrants to free public
education
hypothesis testing
finding rules in their language and testing them by applying the rules they have
formulated
Language Experience Approach
GUIDE WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION
Acculturation
mutual respect and interchange among cultural groups
assimilation
a minority group gives up their values and language to adopt those of the majority group
transculturation
small scale adoption of cultural values with very little visible impact
ethnoconvergence
people self-dividing themselves into smaller ethic groups within a "superethnicity" such
as nationality
Sheltered English instruction
involves the modification and simplification of complex English structures in order for the
language to be comprehensible for ELLS
Transitional/early-exit bilingual program
emphasizes L2 development but the use of L1 ensures that students will not fall behind
when introducing academic concepts
ESL programs
involve monolingual English instruction
dual immersion
involves students from two different language groups
Lau v. Nichols
Supreme Court ruled that limited-English-proficient students should receive equal
access to education under the Civil Rights Act; determined that identical education does
not constitute equal education; Supreme Court recognized the authority of the
Department of Education to establish regulations for compliance with the 1964 Civil
Rights Act
Castaneda v. Pickard
Supreme Court case which determined the criteria schools should use to educate
students with limited English proficiency; implementation of bilingual programs must be
based on sound research
Meyer v. Nebraska
overturned the 1919 Nebraska statue claiming that "no person, individually or as a
teacher, shall, in any private denominational, parochial or public school teach any
subject to any person in any language"
Plyler v. Doe
court ruled that children could not be denied an education based on immigration status;
resulted in the guarantee of the rights of undocumented immigrants to free public
education
hypothesis testing
finding rules in their language and testing them by applying the rules they have
formulated
Language Experience Approach
