NRNP 6560 Final exam|Complete Graded A+
EPAP
expiratory positive airway pressure
CPAP
continuous positive airway pressure
a treatment for apnea involving keeping a patient's airways open using air pressure delivered via a face
mask
IPAP=EPAP
ABCDE
asymmetry, border, color, diameter >6mm, evolving
skin eruptions or exanthema 3 groups
1. Macular and maculopapular lesions
2. vesicular or bullous lesions
3. pustular, petechial, or purpuric lesions
secondary changes of skin lesions
comedones, crusting, excoriation, lichenification, scales, scarring, telangiectasia
acne
inflammatory disease of the skin involving the sebaceous glands and hair follicles
causes: corticosteriods, isoniazid
bullous lesions
Caused by exfoliative toxins A and B
Have the appearance of wrinkled tissue paper
Lead to widespread desquamation of the skin
Patients are left vulnerable to secondary bacterial infections
causes: barbiturate overdose, penicillamine, sulfonamides
eczematous dermatitis
most common inflammatory skin disorder, several forms including irritant contact dermatitis allergic
contact dermatitis and atopic dermatitis
causes: abx, methyldopa, phenylbutazone, sulfonamides
,erythemia multiforme
Hypersensitivity reaction characterized by targetoid rash and bullae; *HSV and mycoplasma infections;
EM with oral mucosa and fever is steven-johnson syndrome
causes: barbiturates, hydantois, penicillin, salicylates, sulfonamides, sulfonylureas
erythema nodosum
inflammation of subcutaneous tissues resulting in tender, erythematous nodules; may be an abnormal
immune response to a systemic disease, an infection, or a drug
causes: contraceptives, sulfonamides
exfoliative dermatitis
a condition in which there is widespread scaling of the skin, often with pruritus, erythroderma, and hair
loss
causes: allopurinal, gold, indomethacin, phenylbutazone
lichenoid eruption
violaceous to purple, polygonal lesions that resemble those seen in lichen planus
Causes: cholorquine, chlorpropamide, mepacrine, quinidine, quinine, thiazides
photosensitivity
increased reaction of the skin to exposure to sunlight
causes: amiodarone, nalidixic acid, sulfonamides, tetracycline
pigmentation
coloration caused by deposit, or lack, of colored material in the tissues
causes: chloroquine, heavy metals, mepacrine
Psoriasiform rash
causes: gold, methyldopa
purpura
multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skin
causes: cytotoxic drugs, meprobamate, quinidine, quinine
systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
, chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease of collagen in skin, joints, and internal organs
causes: hydralazine, isoniazid, penicillamine, procainamide
urticaria
allergic reaction of the skin characterized by the eruption of pale red, elevated patches called wheals or
hives
causes: aspirin, imipramine, penicillin, serum, toxoid, vaccines
Bulla
a large blister that is usually more than 0.5 cm in diameter
Comedones
plug of keratin and sebum wedged in a dilated pilosebaceous
crust
accumulated dried exudate
Excoriation
a superficial loss of skin, e.g., by scratching
lichenification
area of increased epidermal thickening with exaggerated skin markings, caused by constant rubbing
(atopic eczema)
keloid
a sharply elevated, irregularly shaped, progressively enlarging scar due to excessive collagen formation
in the dermis during connective tissue
macule
flat, colored spot on the skin
nodule
circumscribed, palpable area of the skin that is >0.5 cm in diameter and appears in part or wholly within
the dermis
papule
A circumscribed, solid elevation of skin < 1cm in diameter, with no visible fluid
patch
large macule, >2cm in diameter
plaque
EPAP
expiratory positive airway pressure
CPAP
continuous positive airway pressure
a treatment for apnea involving keeping a patient's airways open using air pressure delivered via a face
mask
IPAP=EPAP
ABCDE
asymmetry, border, color, diameter >6mm, evolving
skin eruptions or exanthema 3 groups
1. Macular and maculopapular lesions
2. vesicular or bullous lesions
3. pustular, petechial, or purpuric lesions
secondary changes of skin lesions
comedones, crusting, excoriation, lichenification, scales, scarring, telangiectasia
acne
inflammatory disease of the skin involving the sebaceous glands and hair follicles
causes: corticosteriods, isoniazid
bullous lesions
Caused by exfoliative toxins A and B
Have the appearance of wrinkled tissue paper
Lead to widespread desquamation of the skin
Patients are left vulnerable to secondary bacterial infections
causes: barbiturate overdose, penicillamine, sulfonamides
eczematous dermatitis
most common inflammatory skin disorder, several forms including irritant contact dermatitis allergic
contact dermatitis and atopic dermatitis
causes: abx, methyldopa, phenylbutazone, sulfonamides
,erythemia multiforme
Hypersensitivity reaction characterized by targetoid rash and bullae; *HSV and mycoplasma infections;
EM with oral mucosa and fever is steven-johnson syndrome
causes: barbiturates, hydantois, penicillin, salicylates, sulfonamides, sulfonylureas
erythema nodosum
inflammation of subcutaneous tissues resulting in tender, erythematous nodules; may be an abnormal
immune response to a systemic disease, an infection, or a drug
causes: contraceptives, sulfonamides
exfoliative dermatitis
a condition in which there is widespread scaling of the skin, often with pruritus, erythroderma, and hair
loss
causes: allopurinal, gold, indomethacin, phenylbutazone
lichenoid eruption
violaceous to purple, polygonal lesions that resemble those seen in lichen planus
Causes: cholorquine, chlorpropamide, mepacrine, quinidine, quinine, thiazides
photosensitivity
increased reaction of the skin to exposure to sunlight
causes: amiodarone, nalidixic acid, sulfonamides, tetracycline
pigmentation
coloration caused by deposit, or lack, of colored material in the tissues
causes: chloroquine, heavy metals, mepacrine
Psoriasiform rash
causes: gold, methyldopa
purpura
multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skin
causes: cytotoxic drugs, meprobamate, quinidine, quinine
systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
, chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease of collagen in skin, joints, and internal organs
causes: hydralazine, isoniazid, penicillamine, procainamide
urticaria
allergic reaction of the skin characterized by the eruption of pale red, elevated patches called wheals or
hives
causes: aspirin, imipramine, penicillin, serum, toxoid, vaccines
Bulla
a large blister that is usually more than 0.5 cm in diameter
Comedones
plug of keratin and sebum wedged in a dilated pilosebaceous
crust
accumulated dried exudate
Excoriation
a superficial loss of skin, e.g., by scratching
lichenification
area of increased epidermal thickening with exaggerated skin markings, caused by constant rubbing
(atopic eczema)
keloid
a sharply elevated, irregularly shaped, progressively enlarging scar due to excessive collagen formation
in the dermis during connective tissue
macule
flat, colored spot on the skin
nodule
circumscribed, palpable area of the skin that is >0.5 cm in diameter and appears in part or wholly within
the dermis
papule
A circumscribed, solid elevation of skin < 1cm in diameter, with no visible fluid
patch
large macule, >2cm in diameter
plaque
