NURS 340 Health Assessment Exam 2 -latest –
Questions and Answers – Latest 2024
1) A decrease in the serum sodium level is typically followed , - ANSWER>>by a
decrease in serum osmolality (example <270 mOsm/L)
2) metabolic acidosis results in hyperkalemia as H ions are shifted into the cell -
ANSWER>>to raise the pH and potassium leaves the cell and enters the
bloodstream
3) Catecholamines are released from - ANSWER>>adrenal medulla
4) steroid hormones (cortisol and aldosterone) are released from -
ANSWER>>adrenal cortex
5) are exchanged for potassium ions during alkalosis or acidosis - ANSWER>>are
exchanged for potassium ions during alkalosis or acidosis
6) Nerve route injury could lead to - ANSWER>>allodynia (pain that is associatedwith a
nonnoxious stimulus)
7) Potassium - ANSWER>>is necessary for neuromuscular and cardiovascular
function
8) Calcium helps to regulate muscle contraction and relaxation - ANSWER>>helpsto
regulate muscle contraction and relaxation
9) hypercalcemia - ANSWER>>contributes to muscle weakness and coma
,10) hypocalcemia - ANSWER>>contributes to muscle irritability and tetany
11) Magnesium - ANSWER>>helps with carbohydrate and protein metabolism,affects
neuromuscular function and produces vasodilation
12) Hypokalemia - ANSWER>>lowers the resting membrane potential and makescells
less irritable which could result in an ileus.
13) Hyperkalemia - ANSWER>>may cause diarrhea, irritability, muscle weaknessand
EKG changes
14) Hyperkalemia - ANSWER>>tall tented T waves, absent p waves, prolonged PRinterval
and QRS duration
15) Hypokalemia - ANSWER>>may cause muscle weakness, EKG changes
(inverted T waves and ST depression), a weak irregular pulse,
16) Hypokalemia - ANSWER>>paralytic ileus, tachydysrhythmias (premature
ventricular contractions, ventricular tachycardia), constipation and u waves
17) hypernatremia - ANSWER>>thirst, dry mucous membranes, lethargy,
restlessness, tachycardia and
18) hypertension
19) hypocalcemia - ANSWER>>tetany, muscle twitching, bronchospasms, laryngeal
spasms, seizures and hyperirritability
20) A classic sign for low magnesium is - ANSWER>>tetany (like hypocalcemia)
, 21) Clinical manifestations of hyponatremia consist of - ANSWER>>headaches,
seizures, lethargy, tachycardia, decrease in blood pressure, thready pulse,
hyperactive bowel sounds and abdominal cramp
22) Hyponatremia - ANSWER>>slows the depolarization of the cell membrane
23) Hyponatremia - ANSWER>>shifts fluid from the extracellular to the intracellular
compartment
24) Sodium could be loss from - ANSWER>>the gastrointestinal (vomiting, diarrhea,
suctioning), renal (diuretics, adrenal insufficiency,
25) Sodium could be loss from - ANSWER>>kidney disease) and integumentarysystem
)(ascites, burns, peripheral edema)
26) In hyponatremia there is a reduction in intravascular volume - ANSWER>>soblood
pressure decreases
27) Restrict fluids in the setting of - ANSWER>>hyponatremia with fluid volume
overload
28) Monitor level of consciousness, vital signs, intake and output, and weight in thesetting
of - ANSWER>>hyponatremia
29) Severe hyponatremia - ANSWER>>could result in coma, respiratory arrest or
seizures
30) Hypernatremia increases - ANSWER>>the serum osmolality and pulls water outof the
cells
Questions and Answers – Latest 2024
1) A decrease in the serum sodium level is typically followed , - ANSWER>>by a
decrease in serum osmolality (example <270 mOsm/L)
2) metabolic acidosis results in hyperkalemia as H ions are shifted into the cell -
ANSWER>>to raise the pH and potassium leaves the cell and enters the
bloodstream
3) Catecholamines are released from - ANSWER>>adrenal medulla
4) steroid hormones (cortisol and aldosterone) are released from -
ANSWER>>adrenal cortex
5) are exchanged for potassium ions during alkalosis or acidosis - ANSWER>>are
exchanged for potassium ions during alkalosis or acidosis
6) Nerve route injury could lead to - ANSWER>>allodynia (pain that is associatedwith a
nonnoxious stimulus)
7) Potassium - ANSWER>>is necessary for neuromuscular and cardiovascular
function
8) Calcium helps to regulate muscle contraction and relaxation - ANSWER>>helpsto
regulate muscle contraction and relaxation
9) hypercalcemia - ANSWER>>contributes to muscle weakness and coma
,10) hypocalcemia - ANSWER>>contributes to muscle irritability and tetany
11) Magnesium - ANSWER>>helps with carbohydrate and protein metabolism,affects
neuromuscular function and produces vasodilation
12) Hypokalemia - ANSWER>>lowers the resting membrane potential and makescells
less irritable which could result in an ileus.
13) Hyperkalemia - ANSWER>>may cause diarrhea, irritability, muscle weaknessand
EKG changes
14) Hyperkalemia - ANSWER>>tall tented T waves, absent p waves, prolonged PRinterval
and QRS duration
15) Hypokalemia - ANSWER>>may cause muscle weakness, EKG changes
(inverted T waves and ST depression), a weak irregular pulse,
16) Hypokalemia - ANSWER>>paralytic ileus, tachydysrhythmias (premature
ventricular contractions, ventricular tachycardia), constipation and u waves
17) hypernatremia - ANSWER>>thirst, dry mucous membranes, lethargy,
restlessness, tachycardia and
18) hypertension
19) hypocalcemia - ANSWER>>tetany, muscle twitching, bronchospasms, laryngeal
spasms, seizures and hyperirritability
20) A classic sign for low magnesium is - ANSWER>>tetany (like hypocalcemia)
, 21) Clinical manifestations of hyponatremia consist of - ANSWER>>headaches,
seizures, lethargy, tachycardia, decrease in blood pressure, thready pulse,
hyperactive bowel sounds and abdominal cramp
22) Hyponatremia - ANSWER>>slows the depolarization of the cell membrane
23) Hyponatremia - ANSWER>>shifts fluid from the extracellular to the intracellular
compartment
24) Sodium could be loss from - ANSWER>>the gastrointestinal (vomiting, diarrhea,
suctioning), renal (diuretics, adrenal insufficiency,
25) Sodium could be loss from - ANSWER>>kidney disease) and integumentarysystem
)(ascites, burns, peripheral edema)
26) In hyponatremia there is a reduction in intravascular volume - ANSWER>>soblood
pressure decreases
27) Restrict fluids in the setting of - ANSWER>>hyponatremia with fluid volume
overload
28) Monitor level of consciousness, vital signs, intake and output, and weight in thesetting
of - ANSWER>>hyponatremia
29) Severe hyponatremia - ANSWER>>could result in coma, respiratory arrest or
seizures
30) Hypernatremia increases - ANSWER>>the serum osmolality and pulls water outof the
cells
