Vascular disorders (PEARLS) (Smarty PANCE) (Latest 2023 / 2024) Actual Questions and Answers 100% Correct

Vascular disorders (PEARLS) (Smarty PANCE) (Latest 2023 / 2024) Actual Questions and Answers 100% Correct 1. What is an arteriovenous malformation? Answer: Arteriovenous malformation is whena group of arteries directly link up with a group of veinsinstead of through capillaries. 2. What is the most common manifestation of brain arteriovenous malformations? Answer: The most common manifestation of brain arteriovenous malformations is intracranial hemorrhage.AVNs are the second most common cause ofsubarachnoidhemorrhage in the brain 3. What are the most common arteries affected by the arteriovenous malformations? Answer: The posterior branches of the middle cerebral artery are the most commonarteries affected by the arteriovenous malformations. 4. What is Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome? Answer: Osler-Weber-Rendu syndrome is anautosomal dominant vascular disorder that presents with arteriovenous malfor- mations and other blood vessel problems throughout the body. Also known as Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia syndrome. 5. How does CT scan compare to MRI in detecting central nervous system arteriovenous malformations? Answer: CT scan is less sensitive than MRI in detectingcentral nervous system arteriovenous malformations 6. What isthe grading system used for preoperative risk-stratification of brainarteriovenous malformations? Answer: The Spetzler-Martin grading system is used for preoperative risk-stratification of brain arteriovenous malformations 7. What is used for the treatment of patients with brain arteriovenous mal- formations who are not surgical candidates? Answer: Radiotherapy is used for the treatment of patients with brain arteriovenous malformations who are not surgicalcandidates 8. What can happen as a result of the heart having to work harder in people with arteriovenous malformations? Answer: Because the heart has to work harder in people with arteriovenous malformations, this can lead to high-output heart failure 9. What is the gold standard for the diagnosis of brain arteriovenous mal- formations? Answer: Cerebral angiography is the gold standard for the diagnosis of brainarteriovenous malformations