practice exams for the final Hp| Questions and
Answers With Complete Verified Solutions,
Updated 2024.
How are two different species most likely to evolve from one ancestral species?
allopatrically, after the ancestral species has split into two populations
Fossils of their most recent common ancestor are most likely to occur in which
stratum?
the layer that is directly below the labeled X
The various taxonomic levels (for example, phyla, genera, classes) of the
hierarchical classification system differ from each other on the basis of ____.
their inclusiveness
Which Hardy-Weinberg condition is affected by population size?
genetic drift
Upon being formed, oceanic islands, such as the Hawaiian Islands, should
feature what characteristic, leading to which phenomenon?
a variety of empty ecological niches, leading to adaptive radiation
Which of these conditions are always true of populations evolving due to natural
selection?
The population must vary in traits that are heritable.
Some heritable traits must increase reproductive success.
Three-spined stickleback fish show substantial heritable variation in gill-ranker
length related to differences in their diets. Longer gill rakers appear to function
better for capturing open-water prey, while shorter gill rakers function better for
capturing shallow-water prey. Which of the following types of selection is most
likely to be found in a large lake (open water in the middle and shallow water
around the sides) with a high density of these fish?
disruptive selection
In a comparison of birds and mammals, having four limbs is ______.
a shared ancestral character
Rocky Mountain juniper and one-seeded juniper have overlapping ranges. Pollen
grains from one species are unable to germinate and make pollen tubes on
female ovules of the other species. These two juniper species are kept separate
by _________.
gametic isolation
Microevolution occurs when _______.
changes in allele frequencies in a population occur over generations
In a hardy-weinberg population with two alleles, A and a, that are in equilibrium,
the frequency of allele a is 0.1. What is the frequency of individuals with AA
genotype?
0.81
Which of the following forms a monophyletic group?
E, F ,G
, Applying the principle of parsimony to the traint "ability to fly", which of the two
phylogenetic trees is better?
tree 1
-the tree that is more simplified
Why are fossils considered to be an incomplete record of evolution?
the fossil record is biased for organisms that had hard shells and skeletons
The first living organisms were
prokaryotes which appeared in oceans
The most important feature that permits a gene to act as a molecular clock is
a reliable average rate of mutation
A hybrid zone is properly defined as _________.
an area where mating occurs between members of two closely related species,
producing viable offspring
Genetic drift....
always increases genetic variation
Is this population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
Genotype frequencies: TT: 0.56 Tt: 0.28 tt: 0.16
no
You are confronted with a box of preserved grasshoppers of various species that
are new to science and have not been described. Your assignment is to separate
them into species. There is no accompanying information as to where or when
they were collected. Which species concept will you have to use?
morphological
What is thought to be the correct sequence of these events, from earliest to most
recent, in the evolution of life on Earth?
origin of cyanobacteria
origin of mitochondria
origin of chloroplasts
origin of multicellular eukaryotes
origin of fungal-plant symbioses
What are adaptations?
inherited characteristics of organisms that enhance their survival
Which similarly inclusive taxon is represented as descending from the same
common ancestor as Canidae?
Mustelidae
If the half-life of carbon-14 is about 5,730 years, then a fossil that has about 1/16
of the normal proportion of carbon-14 to carbon-12 should be about how many
years old?
22,900
The first genetic material on Earth was probably
self-replicating RNA molecules
Darwin and Wallace's theory of evolution by natural selection was revolutionary
because it
dismissed the idea that species are constant and emphasized the importance of
variation and change in populations
Answers With Complete Verified Solutions,
Updated 2024.
How are two different species most likely to evolve from one ancestral species?
allopatrically, after the ancestral species has split into two populations
Fossils of their most recent common ancestor are most likely to occur in which
stratum?
the layer that is directly below the labeled X
The various taxonomic levels (for example, phyla, genera, classes) of the
hierarchical classification system differ from each other on the basis of ____.
their inclusiveness
Which Hardy-Weinberg condition is affected by population size?
genetic drift
Upon being formed, oceanic islands, such as the Hawaiian Islands, should
feature what characteristic, leading to which phenomenon?
a variety of empty ecological niches, leading to adaptive radiation
Which of these conditions are always true of populations evolving due to natural
selection?
The population must vary in traits that are heritable.
Some heritable traits must increase reproductive success.
Three-spined stickleback fish show substantial heritable variation in gill-ranker
length related to differences in their diets. Longer gill rakers appear to function
better for capturing open-water prey, while shorter gill rakers function better for
capturing shallow-water prey. Which of the following types of selection is most
likely to be found in a large lake (open water in the middle and shallow water
around the sides) with a high density of these fish?
disruptive selection
In a comparison of birds and mammals, having four limbs is ______.
a shared ancestral character
Rocky Mountain juniper and one-seeded juniper have overlapping ranges. Pollen
grains from one species are unable to germinate and make pollen tubes on
female ovules of the other species. These two juniper species are kept separate
by _________.
gametic isolation
Microevolution occurs when _______.
changes in allele frequencies in a population occur over generations
In a hardy-weinberg population with two alleles, A and a, that are in equilibrium,
the frequency of allele a is 0.1. What is the frequency of individuals with AA
genotype?
0.81
Which of the following forms a monophyletic group?
E, F ,G
, Applying the principle of parsimony to the traint "ability to fly", which of the two
phylogenetic trees is better?
tree 1
-the tree that is more simplified
Why are fossils considered to be an incomplete record of evolution?
the fossil record is biased for organisms that had hard shells and skeletons
The first living organisms were
prokaryotes which appeared in oceans
The most important feature that permits a gene to act as a molecular clock is
a reliable average rate of mutation
A hybrid zone is properly defined as _________.
an area where mating occurs between members of two closely related species,
producing viable offspring
Genetic drift....
always increases genetic variation
Is this population in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
Genotype frequencies: TT: 0.56 Tt: 0.28 tt: 0.16
no
You are confronted with a box of preserved grasshoppers of various species that
are new to science and have not been described. Your assignment is to separate
them into species. There is no accompanying information as to where or when
they were collected. Which species concept will you have to use?
morphological
What is thought to be the correct sequence of these events, from earliest to most
recent, in the evolution of life on Earth?
origin of cyanobacteria
origin of mitochondria
origin of chloroplasts
origin of multicellular eukaryotes
origin of fungal-plant symbioses
What are adaptations?
inherited characteristics of organisms that enhance their survival
Which similarly inclusive taxon is represented as descending from the same
common ancestor as Canidae?
Mustelidae
If the half-life of carbon-14 is about 5,730 years, then a fossil that has about 1/16
of the normal proportion of carbon-14 to carbon-12 should be about how many
years old?
22,900
The first genetic material on Earth was probably
self-replicating RNA molecules
Darwin and Wallace's theory of evolution by natural selection was revolutionary
because it
dismissed the idea that species are constant and emphasized the importance of
variation and change in populations
