Geography Revision Questions
Question 1: Define Lithosphere.
Answer 1: The surface of the Earth made up of solid rock and soil is called the
lithosphere. It comprises the seven continents and the rocky ocean beds.
Question 2: Define Land, what part of the total surface area of the Earth does it occupy?
Answer 2: The part of the lithosphere that is not immersed under seas and oceans is
known as land. It occupies 29% of the total surface area of the Earth’s surface.
Question 3: What are continents? What are they usually separated by?
Answer 3: Continents are large land masses on the surface of the Earth. They are usually
separated from each other by water bodies called oceans.
Question 4: What do the edges of continents extend up to?
Answer 4: The edges of the continents extend up to the rocky ocean floors. Together the
ocean floors and continents form the lithosphere.
Question 5: What do the edges of continents extend up to?
Answer 5: The edges of the continents extend up to the rocky ocean floors. Together the
ocean floors and continents form the lithosphere.
Question 6: What are the three layers of the structure of the Earth?
Answer 6: The Earth is divided into three main layers. The outermost layer is the crust,
which is the thinnest layer. The layer that lies below the crust is the mantle. The
innermost layer is called the core.
Question 7: What are the two parts of the crust?
Answer 7: The crust is solid. It has two parts. The upper layer is made up of SIAL (silica +
alluminium) and the lower layer is made up of SIMA (silica + magnesium).
Question 8: Describe the thickness and density of the crust.
Answer 8: The thickness of the crust varies from 8 to 50 km. The core is thicker under
the continents and thinner under the oceans. The average density of the layer is between
2.7 and 3.
Question 9: Write a short note on the Mantle.
Answer 9: The mantle is the semi-solid layer of the Earth. It is rich in iron and
magnesium. This layer is about 2,850 km wide. Its average density is between 3.5 and 5.5.
, Question 10: Describe the parts of the core.
Answer 10: The core has two parts. The outer core and inner core. The outer core is
liquid whereas the inner core is solid.
Question 11: What depth does the core start? What is the core mainly made up of? What
is its average density?
Answer 11: The c0re starts at a depth of 2,900 km. The core is mainly made up of iron
and nickel. The average density of the core is 5.1 to 13.
Question 12: What is the Earth’s crust composed of? What are minerals?
Answer 12: The Earth’s crust is composed of rocks and minerals. Minerals are inorganic
and natural substances that have definite chemical compositions.
Question 13: What are rocks? List the most common minerals in the Earth’s crust.
Answer 13: Rocks are made up of a combination of different minerals compacted
together. The most common minerals found in the Earth’s crust are silica, quartz,
feldspar, dolomite, gypsum, and calcite.
Question 14: How many minerals are there in the Earth’s crust?
Answer 14: There are about 2,000 minerals in the Earth’s crust and they combine
differently the form various types of rocks.
Question 15: List the three major rock types.
Answer 15: On the basis of formation rocks can be broadly classified into three groups -
igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks.
Question 16: Where is magma found?
Answer 16: Magma lies beneath the Earth’s crust
Question 17: Igneous rocks are __________ and __________.
Answer 17: Igneous rocks are crystalline and compact.
Question 18: Do igneous rocks contain fossils why or why not? Where do igneous rocks
not occur?
Answer 18: Igneous rocks do not contain fossils as they are made after the cooling and
solidification of molten magma or lava. Fossils are the remains of dead organisms which
have decomposed but organisms can’t decompose in lava or magma hence fossils are not
found in igneous rocks. They do not occur in layers or strata.
Question 19: Where can the cooling and solidification of molten magma take place?
Answer 19: The cooling and solidification of molten magma can take place at some depth
within the Earth or at the surface. The molten magma that reaches the surface is known
as lava. Hence, there are two types of igneous rocks classified on the bases of place of
origin. intrusive igneous rocks which form at some depth in the Earth’s crust and
extrusive igneous rocks which form at the surface of the Earth.
Question 1: Define Lithosphere.
Answer 1: The surface of the Earth made up of solid rock and soil is called the
lithosphere. It comprises the seven continents and the rocky ocean beds.
Question 2: Define Land, what part of the total surface area of the Earth does it occupy?
Answer 2: The part of the lithosphere that is not immersed under seas and oceans is
known as land. It occupies 29% of the total surface area of the Earth’s surface.
Question 3: What are continents? What are they usually separated by?
Answer 3: Continents are large land masses on the surface of the Earth. They are usually
separated from each other by water bodies called oceans.
Question 4: What do the edges of continents extend up to?
Answer 4: The edges of the continents extend up to the rocky ocean floors. Together the
ocean floors and continents form the lithosphere.
Question 5: What do the edges of continents extend up to?
Answer 5: The edges of the continents extend up to the rocky ocean floors. Together the
ocean floors and continents form the lithosphere.
Question 6: What are the three layers of the structure of the Earth?
Answer 6: The Earth is divided into three main layers. The outermost layer is the crust,
which is the thinnest layer. The layer that lies below the crust is the mantle. The
innermost layer is called the core.
Question 7: What are the two parts of the crust?
Answer 7: The crust is solid. It has two parts. The upper layer is made up of SIAL (silica +
alluminium) and the lower layer is made up of SIMA (silica + magnesium).
Question 8: Describe the thickness and density of the crust.
Answer 8: The thickness of the crust varies from 8 to 50 km. The core is thicker under
the continents and thinner under the oceans. The average density of the layer is between
2.7 and 3.
Question 9: Write a short note on the Mantle.
Answer 9: The mantle is the semi-solid layer of the Earth. It is rich in iron and
magnesium. This layer is about 2,850 km wide. Its average density is between 3.5 and 5.5.
, Question 10: Describe the parts of the core.
Answer 10: The core has two parts. The outer core and inner core. The outer core is
liquid whereas the inner core is solid.
Question 11: What depth does the core start? What is the core mainly made up of? What
is its average density?
Answer 11: The c0re starts at a depth of 2,900 km. The core is mainly made up of iron
and nickel. The average density of the core is 5.1 to 13.
Question 12: What is the Earth’s crust composed of? What are minerals?
Answer 12: The Earth’s crust is composed of rocks and minerals. Minerals are inorganic
and natural substances that have definite chemical compositions.
Question 13: What are rocks? List the most common minerals in the Earth’s crust.
Answer 13: Rocks are made up of a combination of different minerals compacted
together. The most common minerals found in the Earth’s crust are silica, quartz,
feldspar, dolomite, gypsum, and calcite.
Question 14: How many minerals are there in the Earth’s crust?
Answer 14: There are about 2,000 minerals in the Earth’s crust and they combine
differently the form various types of rocks.
Question 15: List the three major rock types.
Answer 15: On the basis of formation rocks can be broadly classified into three groups -
igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks.
Question 16: Where is magma found?
Answer 16: Magma lies beneath the Earth’s crust
Question 17: Igneous rocks are __________ and __________.
Answer 17: Igneous rocks are crystalline and compact.
Question 18: Do igneous rocks contain fossils why or why not? Where do igneous rocks
not occur?
Answer 18: Igneous rocks do not contain fossils as they are made after the cooling and
solidification of molten magma or lava. Fossils are the remains of dead organisms which
have decomposed but organisms can’t decompose in lava or magma hence fossils are not
found in igneous rocks. They do not occur in layers or strata.
Question 19: Where can the cooling and solidification of molten magma take place?
Answer 19: The cooling and solidification of molten magma can take place at some depth
within the Earth or at the surface. The molten magma that reaches the surface is known
as lava. Hence, there are two types of igneous rocks classified on the bases of place of
origin. intrusive igneous rocks which form at some depth in the Earth’s crust and
extrusive igneous rocks which form at the surface of the Earth.
