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Paramedic Pharmacology NREMT Exam Questions
with Verified Solutions.
Epinephrine class/action - ANS catecholamine/adrenergic/sympathetic agonist -
stimulates alpha and beta receptors
Epinephrine 1:10,000 indications - ANS cardiac arrest
Epinephrine side effects - ANS tachydysrhythmia
Hypertension
Early labor
Headache
Nervousness
Decreased LOC
Palpations
Anxiety
Dizziness
Epinephrine 1:10,000 dose - ANS 0.5-1 mg IV/IO
Pediatric = 0.01 mg/kg (0.1 mL/kg)
Epinephrine 1:1,000 indications - ANS Severe allergic reaction
Status asthmatics
Laryngeal/lingual edema
Epinephrine 1:1,000 Contraindications - ANS pre-existing tachydysrhythmia
Hypertension
Significant cardiac history
Pregnancy
Epinephrine 1:1,000 dose - ANS 0.3 mg IM
Pediatrics = 0.01 mg/kg (0.01 mL/kg) max 0.3 mg (0.3 mL)
Croup = 5 mg (5 mL) nebulized with 2.5-3 mL NS
Morphine class/action - ANS Narcotic analgesic - decreases pain perception and
anxiety
Morphine indications - ANS moderate to severe pain
Morphine Contraindications - ANS head injury
Decreased mental status
Multiple trauma
COPD
Compromised respirations
Hypotension
Allergy to morphine/codeine/Percodan
Morphine side effects - ANS Respiratory depression/arrest
Decreased LOC
Hypotension
Increased vagal tone (slowed heart rate)
N/V
Pinpoint pupils
Increased cerebral blood flow
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Respiratory effort
*rapid administration increases side effects
Morphine Dose - ANS Analgesia = 0.1 mg/kg (5-10 mg) slow IV, repeat 0.05 mg/kg after
10-15 mines as needed
ACS = 2 mg slow IV
Pulmonary edema = 2-5 mg slow IV
Pediatrics = 0.1 mg/kg slow IV
*can also give IO/IM
Clonazepam/Ativan class/action - ANS benzodiazepine - decreases cerebral irritability,
stops generalized seizures, sedative
Clonazepam/Ativan indications - ANS status epileptics
Sedation for cardio version/TCP
Anxiety
Delirium tremens (tremors, hallucinations, etc.)
Clonazepam/Ativan contraindications - ANS hypersensitivity
Clonazepam/Ativan Dose - ANS Status epileptics = 2 mg slow IV, repeat every 5 mines
as necessary
Agitation/Anxiety = 0.5-2 mg slow IV
Pediatric = 0.1 mg/kg (max 2 mg) slow IV
*dilute in an equal amount of NS
Clonazepam/Ativan side effects - ANS CNS/respiratory depression
Clonazepam/Ativan precautions - ANS continuous patient monitoring:
Pulse oximetry
ECG
Scenography
Vital signs
Respiratory effort
*rapid administration increases side effects
Ipratropium/Atrovent class/action - ANS Anticholinergic - relaxes bronchial smooth
muscle (bronchodilator)
Ipratropium/Atrovent indications - ANS asthma
Severe COPD
Ipratropium/Atrovent contraindications - ANS hypersensitivity
Ipratropium/Atrovent dose - ANS 0.5 mg in 2.5 mL nebulized
Same for pediatrics
Ipratropium/Atrovent side effects - ANS tachycardia
Palpations
Headache
Albuterol class/action - ANS Beta2 agonist/sympathomimetic - bronchodilator
Albuterol indication - ANS bronchospasm
Paramedic Pharmacology NREMT Exam Questions
with Verified Solutions.
Epinephrine class/action - ANS catecholamine/adrenergic/sympathetic agonist -
stimulates alpha and beta receptors
Epinephrine 1:10,000 indications - ANS cardiac arrest
Epinephrine side effects - ANS tachydysrhythmia
Hypertension
Early labor
Headache
Nervousness
Decreased LOC
Palpations
Anxiety
Dizziness
Epinephrine 1:10,000 dose - ANS 0.5-1 mg IV/IO
Pediatric = 0.01 mg/kg (0.1 mL/kg)
Epinephrine 1:1,000 indications - ANS Severe allergic reaction
Status asthmatics
Laryngeal/lingual edema
Epinephrine 1:1,000 Contraindications - ANS pre-existing tachydysrhythmia
Hypertension
Significant cardiac history
Pregnancy
Epinephrine 1:1,000 dose - ANS 0.3 mg IM
Pediatrics = 0.01 mg/kg (0.01 mL/kg) max 0.3 mg (0.3 mL)
Croup = 5 mg (5 mL) nebulized with 2.5-3 mL NS
Morphine class/action - ANS Narcotic analgesic - decreases pain perception and
anxiety
Morphine indications - ANS moderate to severe pain
Morphine Contraindications - ANS head injury
Decreased mental status
Multiple trauma
COPD
Compromised respirations
Hypotension
Allergy to morphine/codeine/Percodan
Morphine side effects - ANS Respiratory depression/arrest
Decreased LOC
Hypotension
Increased vagal tone (slowed heart rate)
N/V
Pinpoint pupils
Increased cerebral blood flow
, 13
Respiratory effort
*rapid administration increases side effects
Morphine Dose - ANS Analgesia = 0.1 mg/kg (5-10 mg) slow IV, repeat 0.05 mg/kg after
10-15 mines as needed
ACS = 2 mg slow IV
Pulmonary edema = 2-5 mg slow IV
Pediatrics = 0.1 mg/kg slow IV
*can also give IO/IM
Clonazepam/Ativan class/action - ANS benzodiazepine - decreases cerebral irritability,
stops generalized seizures, sedative
Clonazepam/Ativan indications - ANS status epileptics
Sedation for cardio version/TCP
Anxiety
Delirium tremens (tremors, hallucinations, etc.)
Clonazepam/Ativan contraindications - ANS hypersensitivity
Clonazepam/Ativan Dose - ANS Status epileptics = 2 mg slow IV, repeat every 5 mines
as necessary
Agitation/Anxiety = 0.5-2 mg slow IV
Pediatric = 0.1 mg/kg (max 2 mg) slow IV
*dilute in an equal amount of NS
Clonazepam/Ativan side effects - ANS CNS/respiratory depression
Clonazepam/Ativan precautions - ANS continuous patient monitoring:
Pulse oximetry
ECG
Scenography
Vital signs
Respiratory effort
*rapid administration increases side effects
Ipratropium/Atrovent class/action - ANS Anticholinergic - relaxes bronchial smooth
muscle (bronchodilator)
Ipratropium/Atrovent indications - ANS asthma
Severe COPD
Ipratropium/Atrovent contraindications - ANS hypersensitivity
Ipratropium/Atrovent dose - ANS 0.5 mg in 2.5 mL nebulized
Same for pediatrics
Ipratropium/Atrovent side effects - ANS tachycardia
Palpations
Headache
Albuterol class/action - ANS Beta2 agonist/sympathomimetic - bronchodilator
Albuterol indication - ANS bronchospasm
