Introduction to IT - C182 WGU,
Introduction to IT - C182 WGU, WGU C182
Introduction to IT.
What are core components of IT? - ANSWER>>> Hardware
Software
People
What are some visions and goals of IT? - ANSWER>>> Communication, both internal
and external
Sharing of resources
Facilitating the integration of Departments
Management of Information
Ensuring that the organization runs according to ethical practices
Why is IT viewed as a system? - ANSWER>>> A system is a combination of
independent parts all working together to accomplish a goal.
What are some skills needed by IT personnel? - ANSWER>>> Troubleshooting and
problem solving.
Knowledge of operating systems.
System level programming.
System security
Hardware
Describe trouble shooting (IT Skill) - ANSWER>>> Detect and diagnose a problem, then
find a solution. Examples: Poor processor performance, full hard drive, virus or other
malware.
Describe knowledge of OS's (IT Skill) - ANSWER>>> Operating system installation,
application software installation, user account creation, system monitoring. Examples:
versions of Windows, Mac OS, Linux, Unix, etc.
Describe system level programming (IT Skill) - ANSWER>>> Shell scripts to automate
processes, manipulating configuration files for system services. Examples: Bash, Csh
scripts, Ruby scripts, C/C++ programs
Describe system security (IT Skill) - ANSWER>>> Ensuring proper system security is in
place. Following or drafting policies for users. Monitoring for threats. Examples: Keeping
,security patches up to date, configuring a system firewall, installing anti-malware
software, examining log files of evidence of breaches or attacks.
Describe hardware (IT Skill) - ANSWER>>> Installing and configuring new hardware.
Troubleshooting, repairing, or replacing defective hardware. Examples: replacing CPUs
and disk drives, connecting network cables to network hubs, switches, routers.
What are some System Administrator duties? - ANSWER>>> Account management:
creating new user accounts and deleting obsolete user accounts.
Password management: making sure that all users have passwords that agree with the
security policy.
File protection management: making sure that files are appropriately protected (for
instance, making sure that important documents are not writable by the outside world)
and performing timely backups of the file system
Installing and configuring new hardware and troubleshooting hardware including the
network.
Installing and configuring new software including updating new operating system (OS)
patches, and troubleshooting software.
Providing documentation, support, and training for computer users.
Performing system-level programming as necessary (usually through scripting
languages rather than writing large-scale applications or systems software).
Security: installing and maintaining a firewall, examining log files to see if there are any
odd patterns of attempted logins, and examining suspicious processes that perhaps
should not be running.
What are some Network Administrator duties? - ANSWER>>> physically laying down
cable.
making connections.
working with the network hardware (for instance, routers and switches).
like the system administrator, the network administrator will edit configuration files,
install software (related to the network), and so forth.
Troubleshooting the network may combine physical troubleshooting (e.g., is a cable
bad?) and software troubleshooting.
There is also a security aspect to the computer network. Both the system administrator
and network administrator may work on system firewalls. Editing configuration files,
,writing shell scripts, and installing software and patches will all be part of a network
administrators tasks.
Describe a Database Administrator's duties. - ANSWER>>> Like system administrators,
database administrators have a long list of important responsibilities, but with a focus on
the design, development, and support of database management systems (DBMSs).
Tasks will include installation, maintenance, performance analysis, and troubleshooting
as with the other administrative areas. There are specific applications, performance
tuning parameters, account creation, and procedures associated with the DBMS that
are separate from those of system administrators and web administrators. The
database administrator may also be involved with the integration of data from older
systems to new ones. As many or most database systems are now available over the
Internet (or at least over local area networks), the administrator must also ensure proper
security measures for remote access.
Describe a Security Administrator's duties. - ANSWER>>> Must stay informed of the
many different types of attacks, such as denial of service attacks on web servers, IP
spoofing to intercept messages, and buffer overflow that allows a hacker to invade
computer memory with their own code. Although these are all known forms of attacks, it
does not necessarily mean that a system is protected against them. And as these
attacks are known, newer attacks are being thought of. It is the responsibility of the
security administrator to install, configure, and administer appropriate firewall security to
protect the organization's systems and to work proactively against such intrusions.
Describe a Web Administrator's (aka Webmaster) duties. - ANSWER>>> The web
administrator, also known as a webmaster, but more precisely referred to as a web
server administrator, is responsible for maintaining websites. This responsibility differs
from the development of websites. Specifically, the web administrator must install,
configure, maintain, secure, and troubleshoot the web server. The web server is
software that runs on one or more computers. The web administrator may or may not be
responsible for the hardware. Typically, the web administrator is not a system
administrator on that or those computers. Therefore, the web administrator will have to
work with the system administrator on some aspects of installation and configuration.
Securing the web server becomes critical for businesses. Individuals outside and inside
the organization may have reason to access data on the web-server without
authorization thus requiring the need for securing the web server. The web
administrator may be required to set up password files and establish locations where
server scripts can be stored and tested. Security may be implemented directly through
the web server software, or added through the operating system, or some combination.
Security issues may be discovered by analyzing log files that are also used for data
mining.
What are the two most common support IT roles asides from administrators? -
ANSWER>>> training, and help desk. Training occurs as needed, but many help desks
are available 24/7.
, What is information technology? - ANSWER>>> Task of gathering data and processing
it into information.
The ability to disseminate information using technology.
The technology itself that permits these tasks.
The collection of people who are in charge of maintaining the IT infrastructure (the
computers, the networks, the operating system).
Generic definition of IT. - ANSWER>>> We will consider IT to be the technology used in
creating, maintaining, and making information accessible. In other words, IT combines
people with computing resources, software, data, and computer networks.
IT personnel, sometimes referred to collectively as "IT," are those people whose job it is
to supply and support IT. These include computer engineers who design and build
computer chips, computer scientists who write software for computers, and
administrators who provide the IT infrastructure for organizations.
Define information. - ANSWER>>> Information is often defined as processed data. That
is, raw data are the input and information is the output of some process. In fact, more
generically, we should think of information as any form of interpreted data.
What does DIKW Hierarchy stand for and what is it's purpose? - ANSWER>>> Data,
Information, Knowledge, Wisdom. It describes the transition of data to information to
knowledge to wisdom.
Define data in relation to DIKW Hierarchy. - ANSWER>>> Data is the input directly
received by the human or computer.
Describe ways a computer may receive data (relates to DIKW). - ANSWER>>> User
entered values from application, camera, microphone, bar code reader, sensor, pen
tablet, etc.
When does data become usable? - ANSWER>>> After it's been converted to a relevant
form, for computers this would be binary representation.
In the DIKW Hierarchy what do we mean when we say information has been inferred
from data? - ANSWER>>> That one or more processes have been applied to the data
to transform it into a more useful form.
Define Knowledge in the DIKW Hierarchy. - ANSWER>>> Knowledge is sometimes
defined as information that has been put to use. In other cases, knowledge is a
synthesis of several different sources of information. One way to think of knowledge is
that it is information placed into a context, perhaps the result of experience gained from
using information. Additionally, we might think of knowledge as being refined
information such that the user of the knowledge is able to call forth only relevant
Introduction to IT - C182 WGU, WGU C182
Introduction to IT.
What are core components of IT? - ANSWER>>> Hardware
Software
People
What are some visions and goals of IT? - ANSWER>>> Communication, both internal
and external
Sharing of resources
Facilitating the integration of Departments
Management of Information
Ensuring that the organization runs according to ethical practices
Why is IT viewed as a system? - ANSWER>>> A system is a combination of
independent parts all working together to accomplish a goal.
What are some skills needed by IT personnel? - ANSWER>>> Troubleshooting and
problem solving.
Knowledge of operating systems.
System level programming.
System security
Hardware
Describe trouble shooting (IT Skill) - ANSWER>>> Detect and diagnose a problem, then
find a solution. Examples: Poor processor performance, full hard drive, virus or other
malware.
Describe knowledge of OS's (IT Skill) - ANSWER>>> Operating system installation,
application software installation, user account creation, system monitoring. Examples:
versions of Windows, Mac OS, Linux, Unix, etc.
Describe system level programming (IT Skill) - ANSWER>>> Shell scripts to automate
processes, manipulating configuration files for system services. Examples: Bash, Csh
scripts, Ruby scripts, C/C++ programs
Describe system security (IT Skill) - ANSWER>>> Ensuring proper system security is in
place. Following or drafting policies for users. Monitoring for threats. Examples: Keeping
,security patches up to date, configuring a system firewall, installing anti-malware
software, examining log files of evidence of breaches or attacks.
Describe hardware (IT Skill) - ANSWER>>> Installing and configuring new hardware.
Troubleshooting, repairing, or replacing defective hardware. Examples: replacing CPUs
and disk drives, connecting network cables to network hubs, switches, routers.
What are some System Administrator duties? - ANSWER>>> Account management:
creating new user accounts and deleting obsolete user accounts.
Password management: making sure that all users have passwords that agree with the
security policy.
File protection management: making sure that files are appropriately protected (for
instance, making sure that important documents are not writable by the outside world)
and performing timely backups of the file system
Installing and configuring new hardware and troubleshooting hardware including the
network.
Installing and configuring new software including updating new operating system (OS)
patches, and troubleshooting software.
Providing documentation, support, and training for computer users.
Performing system-level programming as necessary (usually through scripting
languages rather than writing large-scale applications or systems software).
Security: installing and maintaining a firewall, examining log files to see if there are any
odd patterns of attempted logins, and examining suspicious processes that perhaps
should not be running.
What are some Network Administrator duties? - ANSWER>>> physically laying down
cable.
making connections.
working with the network hardware (for instance, routers and switches).
like the system administrator, the network administrator will edit configuration files,
install software (related to the network), and so forth.
Troubleshooting the network may combine physical troubleshooting (e.g., is a cable
bad?) and software troubleshooting.
There is also a security aspect to the computer network. Both the system administrator
and network administrator may work on system firewalls. Editing configuration files,
,writing shell scripts, and installing software and patches will all be part of a network
administrators tasks.
Describe a Database Administrator's duties. - ANSWER>>> Like system administrators,
database administrators have a long list of important responsibilities, but with a focus on
the design, development, and support of database management systems (DBMSs).
Tasks will include installation, maintenance, performance analysis, and troubleshooting
as with the other administrative areas. There are specific applications, performance
tuning parameters, account creation, and procedures associated with the DBMS that
are separate from those of system administrators and web administrators. The
database administrator may also be involved with the integration of data from older
systems to new ones. As many or most database systems are now available over the
Internet (or at least over local area networks), the administrator must also ensure proper
security measures for remote access.
Describe a Security Administrator's duties. - ANSWER>>> Must stay informed of the
many different types of attacks, such as denial of service attacks on web servers, IP
spoofing to intercept messages, and buffer overflow that allows a hacker to invade
computer memory with their own code. Although these are all known forms of attacks, it
does not necessarily mean that a system is protected against them. And as these
attacks are known, newer attacks are being thought of. It is the responsibility of the
security administrator to install, configure, and administer appropriate firewall security to
protect the organization's systems and to work proactively against such intrusions.
Describe a Web Administrator's (aka Webmaster) duties. - ANSWER>>> The web
administrator, also known as a webmaster, but more precisely referred to as a web
server administrator, is responsible for maintaining websites. This responsibility differs
from the development of websites. Specifically, the web administrator must install,
configure, maintain, secure, and troubleshoot the web server. The web server is
software that runs on one or more computers. The web administrator may or may not be
responsible for the hardware. Typically, the web administrator is not a system
administrator on that or those computers. Therefore, the web administrator will have to
work with the system administrator on some aspects of installation and configuration.
Securing the web server becomes critical for businesses. Individuals outside and inside
the organization may have reason to access data on the web-server without
authorization thus requiring the need for securing the web server. The web
administrator may be required to set up password files and establish locations where
server scripts can be stored and tested. Security may be implemented directly through
the web server software, or added through the operating system, or some combination.
Security issues may be discovered by analyzing log files that are also used for data
mining.
What are the two most common support IT roles asides from administrators? -
ANSWER>>> training, and help desk. Training occurs as needed, but many help desks
are available 24/7.
, What is information technology? - ANSWER>>> Task of gathering data and processing
it into information.
The ability to disseminate information using technology.
The technology itself that permits these tasks.
The collection of people who are in charge of maintaining the IT infrastructure (the
computers, the networks, the operating system).
Generic definition of IT. - ANSWER>>> We will consider IT to be the technology used in
creating, maintaining, and making information accessible. In other words, IT combines
people with computing resources, software, data, and computer networks.
IT personnel, sometimes referred to collectively as "IT," are those people whose job it is
to supply and support IT. These include computer engineers who design and build
computer chips, computer scientists who write software for computers, and
administrators who provide the IT infrastructure for organizations.
Define information. - ANSWER>>> Information is often defined as processed data. That
is, raw data are the input and information is the output of some process. In fact, more
generically, we should think of information as any form of interpreted data.
What does DIKW Hierarchy stand for and what is it's purpose? - ANSWER>>> Data,
Information, Knowledge, Wisdom. It describes the transition of data to information to
knowledge to wisdom.
Define data in relation to DIKW Hierarchy. - ANSWER>>> Data is the input directly
received by the human or computer.
Describe ways a computer may receive data (relates to DIKW). - ANSWER>>> User
entered values from application, camera, microphone, bar code reader, sensor, pen
tablet, etc.
When does data become usable? - ANSWER>>> After it's been converted to a relevant
form, for computers this would be binary representation.
In the DIKW Hierarchy what do we mean when we say information has been inferred
from data? - ANSWER>>> That one or more processes have been applied to the data
to transform it into a more useful form.
Define Knowledge in the DIKW Hierarchy. - ANSWER>>> Knowledge is sometimes
defined as information that has been put to use. In other cases, knowledge is a
synthesis of several different sources of information. One way to think of knowledge is
that it is information placed into a context, perhaps the result of experience gained from
using information. Additionally, we might think of knowledge as being refined
information such that the user of the knowledge is able to call forth only relevant
