Bio 100 exam3

Bio 100 exam3 The term ______ refers to the outward expression of a trait, either physically, microscopically, or metabolically. The phenotype of an organizsm is determined by which ______ their chromosomes possess for a specific trait. This set of alleles is referred to as the organizsm's ______. Genes are located on ______ each chromosome contains one allele for each gene at a site called the gene's ______. For diploid organisms, each cell contains ______ alleles for each trait, one allele on a chromosome from the mother and the other on a chromosome from the father. Chromosomes carry genes from parent to offspring and are distributed to gametes during ______ each gamete receives one copy of each chromosome and therefore one allele for each ______. When viewing a dominant phenotype, the ______ can be unknown. A dominant phenotype can be either homozygous dominant or ______. A _________ can determine the genotype of a dominant phenotype. By mating the unknown dominant organism with a homozygous ____________ organism, the genotype can be determined from the offspring. If the unknown organism is homozygous dominant, all offspring will be ________. If the unknown is a heterozygote, there can be phenotypically ________ individuals in the offspring. Parents transmit information about traits to their offspring in units called ____. A diploid individual contains two alternative forms, or ______, for each gene. IF the two alleles are the same, the individual is said to be ________, if the two alleles are different, the individual is said to be __________. THe particular alleles that an individual has are the individual's ______, whereas the appearance of an individual is called it's _________. Mendel observed the alleles can be dominant or ______, and the ______ allele typically masks the expression of the other allele. When a single trait is affected by more than one gene locus, this is called _________________. When a single gene locus affects more than one trait, this is called _____. When a single gene locus has more than two possible alleles, this is called _________. When the phenotype of heterozygotes is intermediate between the homozygotes, this is called __________. When the phenotype of heterozygotes shows some aspects of both homozygotes, this is called _________. When alleles at one gene locus can interfere with the expression of alleles at another gene locus, this is called _______. In some pairs of alleles, ______dominance is exhibited when the heterozygote has an intermediate phenotype. In japanese four-o'clocks, flowers can be red or white, and the incomplete dominant from a mating of the two exhibts the color _____________. In the pink heterozygotes, the expression of the alleles is _________ between that of either homozygote. The offspring of the pink flowers can be red, white, or pink, making it clear there is a ______ pair of alleles involved. The significance of the Griffith, Avery and Hershey-Chase experiments was that they demonstrated that: If one strand of a DNA molecule has the base sequence ATTGCAT, its complementary strand will have the sequence: The short DNA segments formed on the discontinuously replicated strand are called