Cyber Security Exam
RANSOMWARE
a form of malware that locks a computer or encrypts files, and therefore prevents a user from
accessing their data unless they pay money (a ransom)
BIOMETRIC
Fingerprints and retinal images are examples of this type of information
BLACK BOX TESTING
A test of a computer system whereby an external cyber attack is simulated (the tester has no
information about the system)
CAPTCHA
Technology intended to determine that a human, not a computer program, is accessing a website
CYBERSECURITY
Methods designed to protect networks, computers, programs and data from unauthorised access or
damage.
HACKING
The process of gaining (or attempting to gain) unauthorised access to a computer system
MALWARE
Umbrella term for a number of malicious or intrusive computer programs
PENETRATION TESTING
Process of testing a system to check for vulnerabilities that a hacker could exploit
PHARMING
Redirecting web traffic bound for a legitimate site to a fake, but still convincing, site
PHISHING
A message (email or text) that aims to tricks you into handing over sensitive or personal information
(login details, bank details, etc.)
SHOULDERING
Watching people enter passwords or PINs
SOCIAL ENGINEERING
Methods used to manipulate or trick individuals into giving away private information such as login IDs,
passwords
SPYWARE
A difficult-to-detect piece of software that can track your keystrokes or web-browsing behaviour
RANSOMWARE
a form of malware that locks a computer or encrypts files, and therefore prevents a user from
accessing their data unless they pay money (a ransom)
BIOMETRIC
Fingerprints and retinal images are examples of this type of information
BLACK BOX TESTING
A test of a computer system whereby an external cyber attack is simulated (the tester has no
information about the system)
CAPTCHA
Technology intended to determine that a human, not a computer program, is accessing a website
CYBERSECURITY
Methods designed to protect networks, computers, programs and data from unauthorised access or
damage.
HACKING
The process of gaining (or attempting to gain) unauthorised access to a computer system
MALWARE
Umbrella term for a number of malicious or intrusive computer programs
PENETRATION TESTING
Process of testing a system to check for vulnerabilities that a hacker could exploit
PHARMING
Redirecting web traffic bound for a legitimate site to a fake, but still convincing, site
PHISHING
A message (email or text) that aims to tricks you into handing over sensitive or personal information
(login details, bank details, etc.)
SHOULDERING
Watching people enter passwords or PINs
SOCIAL ENGINEERING
Methods used to manipulate or trick individuals into giving away private information such as login IDs,
passwords
SPYWARE
A difficult-to-detect piece of software that can track your keystrokes or web-browsing behaviour
