History PP1 Case Studies/Content Knowledge : (A Queston ay co e out on any of these)
1. Ger any
1. I pact of Nazis on Hitler’s Foreign Policy
2. Ger an expansion
1. Changing diplo atc alliances in Europe afer 1933
2. Ger any’s challenges to the post-war setle ent (1933 - 1938)
3. Liquidaton of Czechosloviakia
4. Poland
5. Pact of Steel - changing internatonal align ents
6. Outbreak of WAR (causes)
3. Internatonal responses - si ilar to Italy (look below)
2. Italy
1. I pact of Fascis on Italian Foreign Policy (Origins 1870 - 1933)
2. Italian Expansion/Foreign Policy
1. Corfu Incident
2. Fiu e
3. Lorcano Treates
4. Abyssinian Inviasion - Hoare - Lavial Pact
5. Spanish Civiil War
6. Albania
3. Internatonal Response to Italian Expansion
1. Policy of Appease ent
2. How was their response to Ger an/Italian Expansionis afected by the weaknesses of the LON
3. I pact of Soviiet foreign policy on the internatonal response to the expansionist powers
4. Internatonal response to the Italian inviasion of Abyssinia (1935 - 1936)
5. End of Appease ent of Mussolini’s Italy
3. Japan (Internatonal Reactons to Japanese I perialis )
1. League Response to Manchuria
2. Response of League and Europe to evients afer 1932
3. Response of China to evients afer 1932
4. USA response to Japanese actons (1931 - 1937)
5. USA response to Evients (1937 - 1938)
6. Why did the USA change its policy towards Japan afer 1939
7. What was the reacton of the USA to the atack of Peak Harbour
1
, Japan – Internatonal Responses Case Studies:
Internatonal Explanaton/Eviidence/Infor aton
Response
League response to CAUSES FOR MANCHURIAN INCIDENT:
Manchuria - Jiang was oviing northwards with the GMD to bring all of China + Manchuria under centralised control – this would havie
li ited Japanese control ovier its interests in the region.
- Chinese natonalis and ant-Japanese sent ent was increasing in Manchuria and other regions of China, which were
i portant trading partners of Japan.
- Growing concerns ovier the USSR and potental expansion of Co unis into Manchuria (bufer zone)
- Great Depression -> Manchuria had resources
- Kwantung Ar y believied that it was Japan’s destny to rule ovier Asia
League response:
- Not efectvie – if anything, it had the efect of encouraging Japan to expand further. It was the frst big failure for the League
and de onstrated its efectvieness
- 19 Septe ber 1931: Kwantung Ar y inviades Manchuria
- Evien though the Chinese goviern ent appealed to the League in protest of Japan’s inviasion, the League did not take
collectvie acton untl the Lyton Co ission was co issioned (to INVESTIGATE the situaton in Manchuria
- The League didn’t carry out collectvie security – partly because of the Great Depression (countries could not aford to carry
out econo ic sanctons and didn’t havie the ilitary ight nor the geographic obility to deploy troops - hint hint USA!)
- The Lyton Co ission was essentally useless and did litle to help China
- They only arrivied in China on April 1932, and the report was only issued in Septe ber 1932, a year afer the Japanese had
begun occupying the area.
- Requests by China to i pose econo ic sanctons on Japan was ade, but the worldwide econo ic depression ade it
difficult for e ber states to accept a reducton in trade and this was not done.
- At this point in t e, Japan had already established Manchukuo as a for al proviince/a protectorate of I perial Japan. Japan
had no inated Puyi to be the new regent in the capital city of Changchun. In 19
- When the oton was raised to conde n Japan as the aggressor, Japan walked out of the LON.
- League response was a co plete failure!
Response of League Response of Europe to Japan was uted following the Manchurian Crisis – partly due to econo ic reasons.
and Europe to evients - Britain rejected the St son Doctrine, statng that Japan had givien assurances that there will be an open door for trade in
afer 1932 Manchuria and therefore did not intend to viiolate the 9-Power Pact.
(Manchuria) Litle/Li ited response ca e afer the Sino-Japanese War:
- Brussels Conference (1937) – although China appealed once again to the powers that signed the 9-Power treaty, Britain was
reluctant to risk confict with Japan, givien that tension was already building in Europe.
2
1. Ger any
1. I pact of Nazis on Hitler’s Foreign Policy
2. Ger an expansion
1. Changing diplo atc alliances in Europe afer 1933
2. Ger any’s challenges to the post-war setle ent (1933 - 1938)
3. Liquidaton of Czechosloviakia
4. Poland
5. Pact of Steel - changing internatonal align ents
6. Outbreak of WAR (causes)
3. Internatonal responses - si ilar to Italy (look below)
2. Italy
1. I pact of Fascis on Italian Foreign Policy (Origins 1870 - 1933)
2. Italian Expansion/Foreign Policy
1. Corfu Incident
2. Fiu e
3. Lorcano Treates
4. Abyssinian Inviasion - Hoare - Lavial Pact
5. Spanish Civiil War
6. Albania
3. Internatonal Response to Italian Expansion
1. Policy of Appease ent
2. How was their response to Ger an/Italian Expansionis afected by the weaknesses of the LON
3. I pact of Soviiet foreign policy on the internatonal response to the expansionist powers
4. Internatonal response to the Italian inviasion of Abyssinia (1935 - 1936)
5. End of Appease ent of Mussolini’s Italy
3. Japan (Internatonal Reactons to Japanese I perialis )
1. League Response to Manchuria
2. Response of League and Europe to evients afer 1932
3. Response of China to evients afer 1932
4. USA response to Japanese actons (1931 - 1937)
5. USA response to Evients (1937 - 1938)
6. Why did the USA change its policy towards Japan afer 1939
7. What was the reacton of the USA to the atack of Peak Harbour
1
, Japan – Internatonal Responses Case Studies:
Internatonal Explanaton/Eviidence/Infor aton
Response
League response to CAUSES FOR MANCHURIAN INCIDENT:
Manchuria - Jiang was oviing northwards with the GMD to bring all of China + Manchuria under centralised control – this would havie
li ited Japanese control ovier its interests in the region.
- Chinese natonalis and ant-Japanese sent ent was increasing in Manchuria and other regions of China, which were
i portant trading partners of Japan.
- Growing concerns ovier the USSR and potental expansion of Co unis into Manchuria (bufer zone)
- Great Depression -> Manchuria had resources
- Kwantung Ar y believied that it was Japan’s destny to rule ovier Asia
League response:
- Not efectvie – if anything, it had the efect of encouraging Japan to expand further. It was the frst big failure for the League
and de onstrated its efectvieness
- 19 Septe ber 1931: Kwantung Ar y inviades Manchuria
- Evien though the Chinese goviern ent appealed to the League in protest of Japan’s inviasion, the League did not take
collectvie acton untl the Lyton Co ission was co issioned (to INVESTIGATE the situaton in Manchuria
- The League didn’t carry out collectvie security – partly because of the Great Depression (countries could not aford to carry
out econo ic sanctons and didn’t havie the ilitary ight nor the geographic obility to deploy troops - hint hint USA!)
- The Lyton Co ission was essentally useless and did litle to help China
- They only arrivied in China on April 1932, and the report was only issued in Septe ber 1932, a year afer the Japanese had
begun occupying the area.
- Requests by China to i pose econo ic sanctons on Japan was ade, but the worldwide econo ic depression ade it
difficult for e ber states to accept a reducton in trade and this was not done.
- At this point in t e, Japan had already established Manchukuo as a for al proviince/a protectorate of I perial Japan. Japan
had no inated Puyi to be the new regent in the capital city of Changchun. In 19
- When the oton was raised to conde n Japan as the aggressor, Japan walked out of the LON.
- League response was a co plete failure!
Response of League Response of Europe to Japan was uted following the Manchurian Crisis – partly due to econo ic reasons.
and Europe to evients - Britain rejected the St son Doctrine, statng that Japan had givien assurances that there will be an open door for trade in
afer 1932 Manchuria and therefore did not intend to viiolate the 9-Power Pact.
(Manchuria) Litle/Li ited response ca e afer the Sino-Japanese War:
- Brussels Conference (1937) – although China appealed once again to the powers that signed the 9-Power treaty, Britain was
reluctant to risk confict with Japan, givien that tension was already building in Europe.
2
