OMSA 2024 STUDY SET EXAM

OMSA 2024 STUDY SET EXAM beta one - CORRECT ANSWER-heart beta two - CORRECT ANSWER-lungs pathway of conduction system - CORRECT ANSWER-SA node, AV node, Bundle of His, Purkinje fibers Amides (local anesthetics) - CORRECT ANSWER-Lidocaine, mepIvacaIne, bupIvacaIne Esters (local anesthetics) - CORRECT ANSWER-Procaine Cocaine-topical Tetracaine Benzocaine Benzodiazepines Reversal agent-diazepam (Valium) Midazolam (versed) - CORRECT ANSWER-Flumazenil (Romazicon) Barbiturates - CORRECT ANSWER-Brevital Propofol (Diprivan) - CORRECT ANSWER-Lower the heart rate Ketamine (Ketalar) - CORRECT ANSWER-dissociative anesthetic Anticholinergic drugs - CORRECT ANSWER--Atropine- for bradycardia, reduces salivation, dilates pupils Glycopyrolate (Robinul) Corticosteroids - CORRECT ANSWER-Dexamethasone-Decadron Decrease swelling and inflammation. Depressed immune system. Increases blood glucose. Insufficient blood flow through the coronary arteries can result in - CORRECT ANSWER-Angina Pathway of blood through the heart - CORRECT ANSWER-superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, passing the pulmonic valve to the pulmonary artery, to the lung. (capillaries) from the lungs to the pulmonary vein, left atrium, mitral valve (bi-cuspid) , left ventricle, aortic valve and into the aorta where is pumped to the rest of the body. The tricuspid valve lies between the right atrium and right - CORRECT ANSWERVentricle stimulating the vagus nerve will - CORRECT ANSWER-Decrease the heart rate. The heart is divided into - CORRECT ANSWER-4 chambers: 2 atria and 2 ventricles The upper chambers are called - CORRECT ANSWER-Right and left atrium The lower chambers are called - CORRECT ANSWER-right and left ventricles Name the two systems that comprise the Autonomic nervous system - CORRECT ANSWER-parasympathetic and sympathetic What does ischemic mean - CORRECT ANSWER-An adequate blood supply to the heart What is the mnemonic for a patient having a Myocardial infarction - CORRECT ANSWER-MONA Symptoms of left sided heart failure include - CORRECT ANSWER-Shortness of breath, pulmonary edema What causes a heart murmur? - CORRECT ANSWER-Turbulence in the blood flow across the heart valves What medication is used And the treatment of angina? - CORRECT ANSWERNitroglycerin What is the difference between angina and a myocardial infarction - CORRECT ANSWER-Angina is chest pain due to inadequate oxygenation while a myocardial infarction means death of the actual heart muscle. Left sided heart failure often leads to? - CORRECT ANSWER-right sided heart failure What does necrosis mean? - CORRECT ANSWER-death of tissue The first heart sound is caused by? - CORRECT ANSWER-The tricuspid and mitral valve closing What do beta blockers do? - CORRECT ANSWER-Dilate the coronary arteries What are the two kinds of Heart failure? - CORRECT ANSWER-Right and Left