ACCS Review Part 2 Respiratory questions
with correct answers
ARDS Classification , Berlin Criteria Answer✔✔ Mild ARDS : P/F ratio < 300,
Moderate ARDS: P/F ratio < 200,
Severe ARDS: P/F ratio < 100
NSTEMI , Non-ST segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Answer✔✔ character
of chest pain, prior history of CAD.
ECG indicates ST segment depression
STEMI , ST segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Answer✔✔ ECG indicates
Elevation of ST segment
Therapy to Reduce ICP Answer✔✔ Normal ICP = 5 -15 mmHg.
causes of increased ICP: swelling in brain, intracranial hematoma.
Therapy to reduce ICP: Keep head elevated > 30degree.
Mannitol- Osmotic agents to remove fluid from brain .
Hyperventilation: PaCO2 = 25-30%.
avoid hypotention.
Minimize PEEP 10 or less
Cardiogenic Shock Answer✔✔ caused by Fluid overload. pulmonary Edema.
decreased cardiac output and PCWP is elevated.
treat with vasopressors and inotropic agents digitalis, digoxin.
Diuretics (Furosemide) for cardiogenic pulmonary edema, CHF, hypervolemia
, Hypovolemic Shock, Oligemic Shock Answer✔✔ Low blood volume due to
hemorrhage, dehydration, urinary fluid loss.
treat with fluid resuscitation, maintain cardiac output, SVR
Septic Shock Answer✔✔ -Caused by Bacterial or Viral infection.
-treat the infection, maintain hemodynamic stability.
-sepsis accompanied by hypotension, fever, Thrombocytopenia
Anaphylactic Shock Answer✔✔ caused by an allergic reaction.
treat with corticosteroids, Antihistamines (Benadryl), Epinephrine
Oliguria Answer✔✔ low urine output, less than 40 ml/hr,
<400 ml/day
Community-Acquired Pneumonia Answer✔✔ Most often caused by S
pneumoniae, but may include mycoplasma and Chamydia.
treatment includes ceftriaxone plus either a macrolide(azithromycin or
fluoroquinolone
VAP (Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia) Answer✔✔ defined as a pneumonia that
develops 48 hours after a patient is place on ventilator.
commonly caused by gram-negative organisms and S aureus.
give Vancomycin if MRSA is suspected
Catheter-related infections Answer✔✔ Remove Catheter STAT,
Nafcillin is recommended for treatment
with correct answers
ARDS Classification , Berlin Criteria Answer✔✔ Mild ARDS : P/F ratio < 300,
Moderate ARDS: P/F ratio < 200,
Severe ARDS: P/F ratio < 100
NSTEMI , Non-ST segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Answer✔✔ character
of chest pain, prior history of CAD.
ECG indicates ST segment depression
STEMI , ST segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Answer✔✔ ECG indicates
Elevation of ST segment
Therapy to Reduce ICP Answer✔✔ Normal ICP = 5 -15 mmHg.
causes of increased ICP: swelling in brain, intracranial hematoma.
Therapy to reduce ICP: Keep head elevated > 30degree.
Mannitol- Osmotic agents to remove fluid from brain .
Hyperventilation: PaCO2 = 25-30%.
avoid hypotention.
Minimize PEEP 10 or less
Cardiogenic Shock Answer✔✔ caused by Fluid overload. pulmonary Edema.
decreased cardiac output and PCWP is elevated.
treat with vasopressors and inotropic agents digitalis, digoxin.
Diuretics (Furosemide) for cardiogenic pulmonary edema, CHF, hypervolemia
, Hypovolemic Shock, Oligemic Shock Answer✔✔ Low blood volume due to
hemorrhage, dehydration, urinary fluid loss.
treat with fluid resuscitation, maintain cardiac output, SVR
Septic Shock Answer✔✔ -Caused by Bacterial or Viral infection.
-treat the infection, maintain hemodynamic stability.
-sepsis accompanied by hypotension, fever, Thrombocytopenia
Anaphylactic Shock Answer✔✔ caused by an allergic reaction.
treat with corticosteroids, Antihistamines (Benadryl), Epinephrine
Oliguria Answer✔✔ low urine output, less than 40 ml/hr,
<400 ml/day
Community-Acquired Pneumonia Answer✔✔ Most often caused by S
pneumoniae, but may include mycoplasma and Chamydia.
treatment includes ceftriaxone plus either a macrolide(azithromycin or
fluoroquinolone
VAP (Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia) Answer✔✔ defined as a pneumonia that
develops 48 hours after a patient is place on ventilator.
commonly caused by gram-negative organisms and S aureus.
give Vancomycin if MRSA is suspected
Catheter-related infections Answer✔✔ Remove Catheter STAT,
Nafcillin is recommended for treatment
