OpenStax Microbiology Test Bank Chapter 25: Circulatory and Lymphatic System Infections

OpenStax Microbiology Test Bank Chapter 25: Circulatory and Lymphatic System Infections * = Correct answer Multiple Choice 1. Where does oxygenated blood enter the heart? A. the left atrium* B. the left ventricle C. the right atrium D. the right ventricle 2. Which artery carries deoxygenated blood? A. aorta B. femoral C. pulmonary* D. subclavian 3. Which of the following is an infection of the inner lining of the heart? A. endocarditis* B. myocarditis C. pericarditis D. vasculitis 4. Which pathogen causes toxic shock syndrome? A. Enterococcus faecalis B. Pseudomonas aeruginosa C. Staphylococcus aureus* D. Vibrio cholerae 5. Which pathogen causes gas gangrene? A. Bacillus spp. B. Clostridium spp.* C. Staphylococcus spp. D. Streptococcus spp. 6. What is another name for tularemia? A. brucellosis B. rabbit fever* C. toxic shock syndrome D. Valley fever 7. The gram-negative bacterium Yersinia pestis causes which disease(s)? A. bubonic plague only B. bubonic and septicemic plague only C. pneumonic and septicemic plague only 8. Which of the following infections is transmitted by ticks? A. brucellosis B. ehrlichiosis* C. plague D. rat bite fever 9. Which organ of the human body removes damaged red blood cells? A. heart B. kidneys C. liver* D. pancreas 10. Which of the following is true of lymphatic fluid? A. It contains erythrocytes. B. It is sterile. C. It travels at slower speeds than blood.* D. Its fluid composition is very different from plasma. 11. Which of the following is a type of primary lymphoid tissue? A. bone marrow* B. diffuse lymphoid tissue C. lymph nodes D. the spleen 12. What is a dangerous drop in blood pressure associated with infection called? A. bacteremia B. hypotensive shock C. sepsis D. septic shock* 13. Which of the following is true of staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome? A. Most infected individuals have negative serological tests even if infected. B. Most infected individuals have negative skin and blood cultures* C. Most infected individuals test negative, so clinical symptoms are used for diagnosis. D. Most infected individuals test positive in both serological tests and cultures. 14. Instead of basing diagnosis solely on clinical symptoms and patient history, what common approach is used to confirm a tularemia infection? A. culturing techniques B. direct fluorescent antibody microscopic examination* C. light microscopy and Gram staining. D. phase-contrast microscopy 15. Which of the following individuals would be most likely to receive antibiotics for cat scratch disease? A. an individual likely to be repeatedly exposed to infected cats B. an individual undergoing cancer treatment simultaneously* C. an individual who exhibits a fever D. an individual who develops pus nodules at the site of the scratch 16. What are buboes? A. abscesses within blood vessels B. abscesses within lungs C. infected swellings involving follicles D. inflamed, swollen lymph nodes* 17. Which of the following describes undulant fever? A. It is associated with seizures. B. It is associated with an especially high temperature. C. It is chronic. D. It is variable; it comes and goes.* 18. Rocky Mountain spotted fever is most common in which region of the United States? A. the Midwestern United States, including Minnesota, Iowa, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Wisconsin B. the northeastern United States, including New York and Connecticut C. the southeastern United States, including Oklahoma, Arkansas, Tennessee, Missouri, and North Carolina* D. the western United States, including the Rocky Mountains of Colorado and Wyoming 19. Which of the following best describes Borrelia burgdorferi? A. a bacillus that causes plague B. a coccus that causes cat scratch disease C. a spirillum that causes Rocky Mountain spotted fever D. a spirochete that causes Lyme disease* 20. How should a tick be removed? A. It should be covered with petroleum jelly until it releases its hold and can be easily removed. B. It should be grasped gently with blunt tweezers on the head, near its site of attachment, and pulled very carefully until it releases its grip.* C. It should be grasped gently with tweezers on the tick’s abdomen, then twisted until it comes off. D. It should be touched with a hot match until it releases its grip, then gently removed, taking care to extract all parts. 21. A radiograph is used to diagnose which condition? A. anaplasmosis B. infectious arthritis C. Lyme disease D. osteomyelitis* 22. Which of the following conditions is caused by the Epstein-Barr virus? A. erhlichiosis B. infectious mononucleosis* C. Rocky Mountain spotted fever D. yellow fever 23. What is the standard protocol for HIV diagnosis? A. ELISA testing, repeated after 6 months for confirmation and followed by NATs B. serological testing followed by Western blot or PCR testing for confirmation or NATs* C. serological testing only, with no additional testing needed D. viral culturing followed by appropriate serological testing for confirmation 24. Malaria is an important cause of mortality worldwide, making it a significant public health concern. What is the classic presentation of malaria? A. abrupt development of a dangerously high fever B. abrupt development of malaise with cycles of chills and high fever, among other symptoms* C. slowly escalating headache, nausea, and vomiting, without fever and with variable other symptoms D. slowly escalating temperature that reaches dangerously high levels after several days to a week 25. Which type of pathogen causes babesiosis? A. a bacterium B. a fungus C. a protist* D. a virus 26. What is the best approach to treating toxic shock syndrome, a potentially deadly condition? A. decontamination and debridement without the use of antibiotics, because of the risk of toxin release by dying bacteria B. decontamination, debridement, vasopressors, and a combination antibiotic therapy such as clindamycin with vancomycin* C. decontamination, debridement, vasoconstrictors, and a combination antibiotic therapy such as clindamycin with daptomycin D. decontamination, vasopressors, and treatment with a single antibiotic 27. Bartonella henselae is generally transmitted to humans by what means? A. bites by vectors such as mosquitoes B. cat scratches and bites* C. consumption of undercooked meat D. consumption of contaminated water 28. Of the 15 known virulence factors for Yersinia pestis, which of the following indicates how many are factors that facilitate attachment to host cells?