Motor Disorders
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1. Developmental Coordination Disorder
● Coordinated motor skills, both developing and executing, is substantially below
expectations based on age and education. Symptoms include clumsiness and slow
and inaccurate motor skills. Onset is early in development.
● Statistics
- In children ages 5 to 11: 5% – 6% • In children age 7: 1.8% are diagnosed
with severe developmental coordination disorder, and 3% with probable
developmental coordination disorder • Males are affected more than females,
with a ratio of between 2:1 and 7:1
2. Stereotypic Movement Disorder
● Includes repetitive, driven, and purposeless motor behavior like shaking, rocking and
hitting oneself. Onset is early in development
● Statistics
- Simple movements (e.g., rocking) are common in young, developing children
• Complex stereotypic movements are much less common and exhibited in
3% – 4% of children • Among individuals with intellectual disability, 4% – 16%
engage in stereotypy and self-injury • Among individuals with intellectual
disability living in residential facilities, 10% – 15% may have stereotypic
movement disorder with self-injury
Tic Disorders
● Tics are involuntary movements, sounds, or words that are sudden, rapid, recurrent, and
nonrhythmic.
3. Tourette’s Disorder
● Both vocal and motor tics for a period of more than one year, but not necessarily
concurrently. The tics may wax and wane in frequency. Onset is prior to age 18.
● Statistics
- 0.3% – 0.8% of school-age children • Estimated that there are 3 per 1,000 of
clinically identified cases in the U.S. • Males are affected more than females,
with a ratio of between 2:1 and 4:1
There is insufficient data available about the prevalence of persistent (chronic) motor or vocal tic
disorder, provisional tic disorder, other specified tic disorder, or unspecified tic disorder.
4. Persistent (Chronic) Motor or Vocal Tic Disorder
● Single or multiple motor tics or verbal tics occurring multiple times daily or almost
daily for more than one year. Onset before age 18. Both motor and verbal tics cannot
be present for this diagnosis
5. Provisional Tic Disorder
● Single or multiple vocal and/or motor tics present for less than one year. Onset
before age 18.
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1. Developmental Coordination Disorder
● Coordinated motor skills, both developing and executing, is substantially below
expectations based on age and education. Symptoms include clumsiness and slow
and inaccurate motor skills. Onset is early in development.
● Statistics
- In children ages 5 to 11: 5% – 6% • In children age 7: 1.8% are diagnosed
with severe developmental coordination disorder, and 3% with probable
developmental coordination disorder • Males are affected more than females,
with a ratio of between 2:1 and 7:1
2. Stereotypic Movement Disorder
● Includes repetitive, driven, and purposeless motor behavior like shaking, rocking and
hitting oneself. Onset is early in development
● Statistics
- Simple movements (e.g., rocking) are common in young, developing children
• Complex stereotypic movements are much less common and exhibited in
3% – 4% of children • Among individuals with intellectual disability, 4% – 16%
engage in stereotypy and self-injury • Among individuals with intellectual
disability living in residential facilities, 10% – 15% may have stereotypic
movement disorder with self-injury
Tic Disorders
● Tics are involuntary movements, sounds, or words that are sudden, rapid, recurrent, and
nonrhythmic.
3. Tourette’s Disorder
● Both vocal and motor tics for a period of more than one year, but not necessarily
concurrently. The tics may wax and wane in frequency. Onset is prior to age 18.
● Statistics
- 0.3% – 0.8% of school-age children • Estimated that there are 3 per 1,000 of
clinically identified cases in the U.S. • Males are affected more than females,
with a ratio of between 2:1 and 4:1
There is insufficient data available about the prevalence of persistent (chronic) motor or vocal tic
disorder, provisional tic disorder, other specified tic disorder, or unspecified tic disorder.
4. Persistent (Chronic) Motor or Vocal Tic Disorder
● Single or multiple motor tics or verbal tics occurring multiple times daily or almost
daily for more than one year. Onset before age 18. Both motor and verbal tics cannot
be present for this diagnosis
5. Provisional Tic Disorder
● Single or multiple vocal and/or motor tics present for less than one year. Onset
before age 18.
