NURS3001: Trent University MIDTERM GUIDE 2018
WEEK 1: Chronicity in Canada
Chronicity and Chronic Illness
- Not easy to defne
- The degree of disability and altered lifestyle
- The patent/client’s perceptons and beliefs aboutt the disease
- “The irreversible presence, accutmutlaton, or latency of disease states or impairments
that involve the total hutman environment for sutpportve care and self-care,
maintenance of futncton, and preventon of futrther disability”
Defining Chronicity
- Identfed by the mommission on mhronic Illness in the US as all impairments from
normal that inclutded one or more of the following:
o Permanency
o Residutal disability
o Non-pathological alteraton
o Requtired rehabilitaton
o Long period of sutpervision, observaton, and care
What Matters to Us, Nurses?
- WE are more interested in how the illness is afectng outr patents, and their families
o The illness experience
o Qutality of life
o Self-care
o Preventon
o Uncertainty, the futtutre for outr patents
Disease vs. Illness
- Disease: refers to the pathophysiology of the conditon, sutch as an alteraton in
strutctutre and futncton
- Illness: is the hutman experience of symptoms and sutfering and refers to how the
disease is perceived, lived with, and responded to by individutals, their families, and their
healthcare providers
Nursing Roles
- mare provider
- Health edutcator
- Self-management sutpporter
- mase manager
- Navigator
- moach
,NURS3001: Trent University MIDTERM GUIDE 2018
Contributing Causes of Chronic Disease
Underlying Common Non- Intermediate Risk Main Chronic
Socioeconomic, Modifable Risk Modifable Factors Diseases
Cultural, Politcal Factors Risk Factors
and
Environmental
Determinants
Globalizaton Unhealthy diet Age Raised BP Heart disease
Urbanizaton Physical Heredity Raised BG Stroke
inactvity
Poputlaton ageing Tobacco utse Abnormal blood mancer
lipids
Overweight/ mhronic
obesity respiratory
diseases
Diabetes
Chronicity in Canada
- mardiovascutlar-related diseases and stroke afected 113 million manadians, and, of those,
23% were aged 75yrs or older
- Diabetes afected 214 million (618%)f of manadians in 2008-9
- Half of those afected by diabetes are between the age of 25-64
- Approx 315 million manadians have respiratory diseases
- In 2011, there were 177,800 new cases of cancer
o In 2015, there were 196,900
- 20% of manadians will experience mental illness in their lifetme
A Global Perspective
- 60% of all deaths are dute to chronic diseases
- 80% of chronic disease deaths occutr in low and middle income coutntries
o An utnder-appreciated cautse of poverty
o Hinders the economic development of many coutntries
Acute vs. Chronic Conditions
- Acute:
o Sutdden onset
o End in a fairly short tme, with recovery or death
- Chronic:
o montnute indefnitely
o Welcome alternatve to death (generally)f
o Illness may become the person’s identty
, NURS3001: Trent University MIDTERM GUIDE 2018
Impact of Chronic Illness
Physical
- Decrease mobility
- Self-care
- Adjutstment/adaptaton
- Flutctutaton of energy… FATIGUE
- Symptoms (chronic or intermitent)f
Social
- Sutpports
- Medicaton regime/expense
- Mortality and life issutes
- Social isolaton
- Rejecton employment
- Illness behavioutr
- Self-efcacy
- Mood disorders/fatgute
Psychological
- Uncertainty
- Fear/despair/hope
- Powerlessness
- Loss of freedom
- Loss of independence
- Respect from others: colleagutes
- Labile emotons
- Sadness/depression
- Obsession with illness being focuts of atenton
- Mistrutst of health care professionals
Financial
- mhange in employment
- Higher insutrance rates for travel/life insutrance policies
- most of medicaton/assistve devices
- Need to explore fnancial avenutes sutch as disability and pensions, personal assistance
- Alternate living arrangements
Practical
- Life and mortality issutes
- Loss of statuts
- moping skills
- Butilding a sutpport network
- Futtutre living arrangements
- Become the expert of their illness
- Increasing awareness of health care system: gaps/resoutrces
WEEK 1: Chronicity in Canada
Chronicity and Chronic Illness
- Not easy to defne
- The degree of disability and altered lifestyle
- The patent/client’s perceptons and beliefs aboutt the disease
- “The irreversible presence, accutmutlaton, or latency of disease states or impairments
that involve the total hutman environment for sutpportve care and self-care,
maintenance of futncton, and preventon of futrther disability”
Defining Chronicity
- Identfed by the mommission on mhronic Illness in the US as all impairments from
normal that inclutded one or more of the following:
o Permanency
o Residutal disability
o Non-pathological alteraton
o Requtired rehabilitaton
o Long period of sutpervision, observaton, and care
What Matters to Us, Nurses?
- WE are more interested in how the illness is afectng outr patents, and their families
o The illness experience
o Qutality of life
o Self-care
o Preventon
o Uncertainty, the futtutre for outr patents
Disease vs. Illness
- Disease: refers to the pathophysiology of the conditon, sutch as an alteraton in
strutctutre and futncton
- Illness: is the hutman experience of symptoms and sutfering and refers to how the
disease is perceived, lived with, and responded to by individutals, their families, and their
healthcare providers
Nursing Roles
- mare provider
- Health edutcator
- Self-management sutpporter
- mase manager
- Navigator
- moach
,NURS3001: Trent University MIDTERM GUIDE 2018
Contributing Causes of Chronic Disease
Underlying Common Non- Intermediate Risk Main Chronic
Socioeconomic, Modifable Risk Modifable Factors Diseases
Cultural, Politcal Factors Risk Factors
and
Environmental
Determinants
Globalizaton Unhealthy diet Age Raised BP Heart disease
Urbanizaton Physical Heredity Raised BG Stroke
inactvity
Poputlaton ageing Tobacco utse Abnormal blood mancer
lipids
Overweight/ mhronic
obesity respiratory
diseases
Diabetes
Chronicity in Canada
- mardiovascutlar-related diseases and stroke afected 113 million manadians, and, of those,
23% were aged 75yrs or older
- Diabetes afected 214 million (618%)f of manadians in 2008-9
- Half of those afected by diabetes are between the age of 25-64
- Approx 315 million manadians have respiratory diseases
- In 2011, there were 177,800 new cases of cancer
o In 2015, there were 196,900
- 20% of manadians will experience mental illness in their lifetme
A Global Perspective
- 60% of all deaths are dute to chronic diseases
- 80% of chronic disease deaths occutr in low and middle income coutntries
o An utnder-appreciated cautse of poverty
o Hinders the economic development of many coutntries
Acute vs. Chronic Conditions
- Acute:
o Sutdden onset
o End in a fairly short tme, with recovery or death
- Chronic:
o montnute indefnitely
o Welcome alternatve to death (generally)f
o Illness may become the person’s identty
, NURS3001: Trent University MIDTERM GUIDE 2018
Impact of Chronic Illness
Physical
- Decrease mobility
- Self-care
- Adjutstment/adaptaton
- Flutctutaton of energy… FATIGUE
- Symptoms (chronic or intermitent)f
Social
- Sutpports
- Medicaton regime/expense
- Mortality and life issutes
- Social isolaton
- Rejecton employment
- Illness behavioutr
- Self-efcacy
- Mood disorders/fatgute
Psychological
- Uncertainty
- Fear/despair/hope
- Powerlessness
- Loss of freedom
- Loss of independence
- Respect from others: colleagutes
- Labile emotons
- Sadness/depression
- Obsession with illness being focuts of atenton
- Mistrutst of health care professionals
Financial
- mhange in employment
- Higher insutrance rates for travel/life insutrance policies
- most of medicaton/assistve devices
- Need to explore fnancial avenutes sutch as disability and pensions, personal assistance
- Alternate living arrangements
Practical
- Life and mortality issutes
- Loss of statuts
- moping skills
- Butilding a sutpport network
- Futtutre living arrangements
- Become the expert of their illness
- Increasing awareness of health care system: gaps/resoutrces
