HESI LPN COMPREHENSIVE EXIT EXAM
QUESTIONS, ANSWERS AND RATIONALE
2024.
A newborn with apnea is being discharged from the hospital with home
monitoring. What information concerning the infant's care should the practical
nurse review with the parents?
• Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
• Administration of intravenous antibiotics.
• Reassurance that the infant cannot be electrocuted during monitoring.
• Advise that the infant not be left with caretakers, such as babysitters.
A. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
Rationale: Apnea of infancy (AOI) engenders great anxiety in parents, and the
initiation of home monitoring presents additional emotional stress. When home
monitoring is required the parents should receive instructions that include
cardiopulmonary resuscitation(A). (B) does not indicate Apnea
Which protocol regarding standard policies about prescriptions should the practical
nurse (PN) question?
• All drug prescriptions should have the date, time, and prescriber's signature.
• Verbal orders are accepted from prescribers and should include signatures.
• Prescribers may write specific times at which the medications are to be
given.
• Preoperative prescriptions should be resumed after a patient returns from
surgery
D. Preoperative prescriptions should be resumed after a patient returns from
surgery.
,Rationale: A standard policy about preoperative medications that preoperative
prescriptions are automatically canceled for surgery and should be rewritten, if
indicated , in the postoperatively so the (PN) should question (D). (A,B,C) are
correct statements.
When reviewing the safety precautions regarding newborns, what information
should the practical nurse communicate to the parents?
• Position the infant to sleep on the baby's back.
• Use a crib with slats no more than 4 inches apart.
• Propping a bottle can be done when the infant gets older.
• Place the infant a front-facing car seat in the automobile.
A. Position the infant to sleep on the baby's back.
Rationale: The incident of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) decline when
infants are positioned on their backs (A), instead of prone for sleeping. Crib slats
(B) 2.375 inches apart to prevent the baby from slipping. (C) Never prop a babies
bottle. (D)Infant who weighs less than 30lbs should be placed in a rear facing car
seat.
When monitoring a newborn, which observation should the practical nurse report to
the healthcare provider?
• Rectal temperature of 37.6° C.
• Axillary temperature of 37.1° C.
• Heart rate of 110 beats per minute. Correct
• Respiration rate of 40 breaths per minute.
C. Heart rate of 110 beats per minute
Rationale: The normal range for a heart beat for an infant is 120-160 so a heart rate
of 110 should be reported to the healthcare provider. Newborn temperature ranges
from 97.7,99.4,36.5,37.5 and normal respiratory rate is 30-60
,After reviewing discharge instructions with a male patient who has hepatitis C,
whatstatement by the patient indicates to the practical nurse that the patient
understands his disease?
• "I will avoid taking any products with acetaminophen, such as Tylenol."
• "I will eliminate alcohol consumption until my infection subsides."
• "I should eat a diet rich in dark green leafy vegetables."
• "I understand that my other medications doses need to be increased."
A. "I will avoid taking any products with acetaminophen, such as Tylenol."
Rationale: Tylenol is metabolized in the liver and should be avoided with patients
with liver disease
Which action should the practical nurse perform first for a child who is injured on
the school grounds and has an obvious mis-alignment of the lower forearm?
• Remove the child's finger rings.
• Assess and document the child's level of pain.
• Evaluate the child's range of motion.
• Place arm in a sling at level of the child's heart.
A. Remove the child's finger rings.
Rationale: The child is a risk for swelling in the distal areas of the affected arm and
hand. Removal of finger rings (A) should be implemented first to remove any
potential constriction that may occur after tissue injury or fracture of the lower arm
The practical nurse (PN) is participating in a group interview of an applicant who
will work in the clinic as a staff PN. Which question is best to ask the applicant?
• "This position requires working on-call every fourth weekend. Can you do
that?"
• "Do you have child care arrangements for your children?"
, • "Do you have any religious requirements that need scheduling
accommodation?"
• "Are you going to be the sole supporter for your family?"
A. "This position requires working on-call every fourth weekend. Can you do that?"
Rationale: Job interview questions must be specifically job related (A)
A patient in a nursing home becomes violent and verbally threatens an unlicensed
assistive personnel (UAP). Which is the best way for the practical nurse (PN) in
charge during the shift to handle the staff's reaction to the incident?
• Encourage UAP to deal with it privately to prevent compromising patient
confidentiality.
• Offer a group discussion session so staff can share their thoughts and
feelings.
• Invite staff out after hours to help distract them from the disturbing patient
event.
• Refer the UAP to human resources department for a counseling session with
atherapist.
B. Offer a group discussion session so staff can share their thoughts and feelings
Rationale: A critical incident stress debriefing evolves expression of personal
feelings, discussion, and working on unresolved emotional issues to minimize post
traumatic stress for the staff member. A CISD is the best action for the PN in
charge to take (B) in conjunction with the guidance and assistance of the nursing
supervisor in the facility
A group of practical nurses (PNs) who work on a medical-surgical unit believe they
are understaffed. Which data should the PNs consider when preparing the
justification for additional staff?
• Staffing ratios in other states.
• patient acuity and census.
QUESTIONS, ANSWERS AND RATIONALE
2024.
A newborn with apnea is being discharged from the hospital with home
monitoring. What information concerning the infant's care should the practical
nurse review with the parents?
• Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
• Administration of intravenous antibiotics.
• Reassurance that the infant cannot be electrocuted during monitoring.
• Advise that the infant not be left with caretakers, such as babysitters.
A. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).
Rationale: Apnea of infancy (AOI) engenders great anxiety in parents, and the
initiation of home monitoring presents additional emotional stress. When home
monitoring is required the parents should receive instructions that include
cardiopulmonary resuscitation(A). (B) does not indicate Apnea
Which protocol regarding standard policies about prescriptions should the practical
nurse (PN) question?
• All drug prescriptions should have the date, time, and prescriber's signature.
• Verbal orders are accepted from prescribers and should include signatures.
• Prescribers may write specific times at which the medications are to be
given.
• Preoperative prescriptions should be resumed after a patient returns from
surgery
D. Preoperative prescriptions should be resumed after a patient returns from
surgery.
,Rationale: A standard policy about preoperative medications that preoperative
prescriptions are automatically canceled for surgery and should be rewritten, if
indicated , in the postoperatively so the (PN) should question (D). (A,B,C) are
correct statements.
When reviewing the safety precautions regarding newborns, what information
should the practical nurse communicate to the parents?
• Position the infant to sleep on the baby's back.
• Use a crib with slats no more than 4 inches apart.
• Propping a bottle can be done when the infant gets older.
• Place the infant a front-facing car seat in the automobile.
A. Position the infant to sleep on the baby's back.
Rationale: The incident of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) decline when
infants are positioned on their backs (A), instead of prone for sleeping. Crib slats
(B) 2.375 inches apart to prevent the baby from slipping. (C) Never prop a babies
bottle. (D)Infant who weighs less than 30lbs should be placed in a rear facing car
seat.
When monitoring a newborn, which observation should the practical nurse report to
the healthcare provider?
• Rectal temperature of 37.6° C.
• Axillary temperature of 37.1° C.
• Heart rate of 110 beats per minute. Correct
• Respiration rate of 40 breaths per minute.
C. Heart rate of 110 beats per minute
Rationale: The normal range for a heart beat for an infant is 120-160 so a heart rate
of 110 should be reported to the healthcare provider. Newborn temperature ranges
from 97.7,99.4,36.5,37.5 and normal respiratory rate is 30-60
,After reviewing discharge instructions with a male patient who has hepatitis C,
whatstatement by the patient indicates to the practical nurse that the patient
understands his disease?
• "I will avoid taking any products with acetaminophen, such as Tylenol."
• "I will eliminate alcohol consumption until my infection subsides."
• "I should eat a diet rich in dark green leafy vegetables."
• "I understand that my other medications doses need to be increased."
A. "I will avoid taking any products with acetaminophen, such as Tylenol."
Rationale: Tylenol is metabolized in the liver and should be avoided with patients
with liver disease
Which action should the practical nurse perform first for a child who is injured on
the school grounds and has an obvious mis-alignment of the lower forearm?
• Remove the child's finger rings.
• Assess and document the child's level of pain.
• Evaluate the child's range of motion.
• Place arm in a sling at level of the child's heart.
A. Remove the child's finger rings.
Rationale: The child is a risk for swelling in the distal areas of the affected arm and
hand. Removal of finger rings (A) should be implemented first to remove any
potential constriction that may occur after tissue injury or fracture of the lower arm
The practical nurse (PN) is participating in a group interview of an applicant who
will work in the clinic as a staff PN. Which question is best to ask the applicant?
• "This position requires working on-call every fourth weekend. Can you do
that?"
• "Do you have child care arrangements for your children?"
, • "Do you have any religious requirements that need scheduling
accommodation?"
• "Are you going to be the sole supporter for your family?"
A. "This position requires working on-call every fourth weekend. Can you do that?"
Rationale: Job interview questions must be specifically job related (A)
A patient in a nursing home becomes violent and verbally threatens an unlicensed
assistive personnel (UAP). Which is the best way for the practical nurse (PN) in
charge during the shift to handle the staff's reaction to the incident?
• Encourage UAP to deal with it privately to prevent compromising patient
confidentiality.
• Offer a group discussion session so staff can share their thoughts and
feelings.
• Invite staff out after hours to help distract them from the disturbing patient
event.
• Refer the UAP to human resources department for a counseling session with
atherapist.
B. Offer a group discussion session so staff can share their thoughts and feelings
Rationale: A critical incident stress debriefing evolves expression of personal
feelings, discussion, and working on unresolved emotional issues to minimize post
traumatic stress for the staff member. A CISD is the best action for the PN in
charge to take (B) in conjunction with the guidance and assistance of the nursing
supervisor in the facility
A group of practical nurses (PNs) who work on a medical-surgical unit believe they
are understaffed. Which data should the PNs consider when preparing the
justification for additional staff?
• Staffing ratios in other states.
• patient acuity and census.
