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Weefsels Samenvatting E-module Celvernieuwing

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Dit document bevat een samenvatting van de E-module Celvernieuwing

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E-MODULE WEEFSELVERNIEUWING
De celcyclus
 G1: Groei en controle op DNA-schade. Ook fase waarin extracellulaire omstandigheden belangrijk
zijn, onder andere controle of de omgeving gunstig is voor de start van S-fase.
 S: DNA-replicatie: DNA synthese
 G2: Groei en controle op DNA-schade, op incomplete replicatie en check van de
omgevingsfactoren
 M: Kern en celdeling

Fasen mitose
1. In kernmateriaal zijn de duidelijk gekleurde chromosomen alweer
verdwenen: cel splitsing of cytokinese bijna voltooid.
2. Losse chromosomen zichtbaar: oppervlakte aanzicht metafaseplaat
3. Ronde kern, maar chromatine vertoont draderigheid: profase
4. Chromosomen in twee groepjes uiteengetrokken, door spoeldraden,
die echter niet zichtbaar zijn: vroege anafase
5. Beide groepen chromosomen liggen al veel verder uit elkaar: late
anafase
6. Vorming van twee tegenover elkaar liggende rijtjes sterk gekleurd
chromosomaal materiaal: telofase, cytokinese net begonnen
7. Chromosomen op één rechte lijn: zijaanzicht metafaseplaat
8. Kern als zodanig goed afgerond zichtbaar in het cytoplasma; eu- en
heterochromatine, vaak nucleoli: interfase

Weefselvernieuwing door nieuwvorming van cellen
Allerlei typen cellen functioneren een tijdje, verouderen dan en worden
meestal via een apoptose proces opgeruimd. Om oude versleten cellen
te vervangen worden tegelijkertijd nieuwe cellen gevormd.




Stamcel -> doorgangscel -> functionele eindcel

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