BIOD331 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Module 6
Final Exam Review
Q&A
2024
,1. A patient presents with symptoms of unilateral facial paralysis and
decreased taste sensation. Which of the following conditions is most
likely?
A. Bell's Palsy
B. Stroke
C. Multiple Sclerosis
D. Migraine
Answer: A. Bell's Palsy
Rationale: Bell's Palsy is characterized by sudden onset of unilateral
facial paralysis due to inflammation or compression of the facial nerve.
Taste sensation may also be affected as the facial nerve innervates the
anterior two-thirds of the tongue.
2. A 68-year-old male with a history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus
complains of sudden onset of severe headache, nausea, and photophobia.
What is the most probable diagnosis?
A. Migraine
B. Subarachnoid hemorrhage
C. Tension headache
D. Temporal arteritis
Answer: B. Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Rationale: The sudden onset of a "thunderclap" headache, nausea, and
photophobia in a patient with risk factors such as hypertension and
diabetes suggests a subarachnoid hemorrhage, which is a medical
emergency.
3. A 55-year-old woman reports difficulty picking up objects and a "pins
and needles" sensation in her hands. Which of the following is the most
likely diagnosis?
A. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
B. Cervical Radiculopathy
C. Peripheral Neuropathy
D. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
Answer: A. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Rationale: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is often indicated by sensory
disturbances and weakness in the hands due to median nerve compression
at the wrist.
, [...Continued with additional questions...]
15. A patient is diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. Which of the
following symptoms would you expect to observe?
A. Hyperreflexia
B. Bradykinesia
C. Intention tremor
D. Muscle strength 5/5
Answer: B. Bradykinesia
Rationale: Bradykinesia, or slowness of movement, is a cardinal
symptom of Parkinson's disease, along with resting tremor and muscle
rigidity.
1. Which of the following neurological disorders is characterized by the
destruction of myelin sheath in the central nervous system?
A. Multiple sclerosis
B. Parkinson's disease
C. Alzheimer's disease
D. Huntington's disease
Answer: A. Multiple sclerosis
Rationale: Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disorder that causes the
destruction of myelin sheath in the central nervous system, leading to
impaired neural function.
2. Which of the following neurotransmitters is primarily associated with
the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease?
A. Dopamine
B. Acetylcholine
C. Serotonin
D. GABA
Answer: A. Dopamine
Rationale: Parkinson's disease is primarily caused by a deficiency of
dopamine in the brain, leading to motor dysfunction and other symptoms.
Module 6
Final Exam Review
Q&A
2024
,1. A patient presents with symptoms of unilateral facial paralysis and
decreased taste sensation. Which of the following conditions is most
likely?
A. Bell's Palsy
B. Stroke
C. Multiple Sclerosis
D. Migraine
Answer: A. Bell's Palsy
Rationale: Bell's Palsy is characterized by sudden onset of unilateral
facial paralysis due to inflammation or compression of the facial nerve.
Taste sensation may also be affected as the facial nerve innervates the
anterior two-thirds of the tongue.
2. A 68-year-old male with a history of hypertension and diabetes mellitus
complains of sudden onset of severe headache, nausea, and photophobia.
What is the most probable diagnosis?
A. Migraine
B. Subarachnoid hemorrhage
C. Tension headache
D. Temporal arteritis
Answer: B. Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Rationale: The sudden onset of a "thunderclap" headache, nausea, and
photophobia in a patient with risk factors such as hypertension and
diabetes suggests a subarachnoid hemorrhage, which is a medical
emergency.
3. A 55-year-old woman reports difficulty picking up objects and a "pins
and needles" sensation in her hands. Which of the following is the most
likely diagnosis?
A. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
B. Cervical Radiculopathy
C. Peripheral Neuropathy
D. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
Answer: A. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Rationale: Carpal Tunnel Syndrome is often indicated by sensory
disturbances and weakness in the hands due to median nerve compression
at the wrist.
, [...Continued with additional questions...]
15. A patient is diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. Which of the
following symptoms would you expect to observe?
A. Hyperreflexia
B. Bradykinesia
C. Intention tremor
D. Muscle strength 5/5
Answer: B. Bradykinesia
Rationale: Bradykinesia, or slowness of movement, is a cardinal
symptom of Parkinson's disease, along with resting tremor and muscle
rigidity.
1. Which of the following neurological disorders is characterized by the
destruction of myelin sheath in the central nervous system?
A. Multiple sclerosis
B. Parkinson's disease
C. Alzheimer's disease
D. Huntington's disease
Answer: A. Multiple sclerosis
Rationale: Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disorder that causes the
destruction of myelin sheath in the central nervous system, leading to
impaired neural function.
2. Which of the following neurotransmitters is primarily associated with
the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease?
A. Dopamine
B. Acetylcholine
C. Serotonin
D. GABA
Answer: A. Dopamine
Rationale: Parkinson's disease is primarily caused by a deficiency of
dopamine in the brain, leading to motor dysfunction and other symptoms.
