D115 - OA READINESS EXAM NEWEST LATEST VERSIONS 2024 (VERSION A AND B) COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)

An individual with Pulmonary embolism usually presents with the sudden onset of pleuritic chest pain, dyspnea, tachypnea, tachycardia, and unexplained anxiety. A newborn has a blunted ventilatory response to hypoxia. What process causes this to occur? A) Increased responsiveness in the respiratory center in the cerebral cortex B) Reduced activity of the peripheral chemoreceptors C) Cell-mediated immunity not fully developed D) Nonadaptive responses from inspiratory intercostal muscles - ANSWERS,B) Reduced activity of the peripheral chemoreceptors For up to 3 weeks of age, the newborn has a blunted ventilatory response to hypoxia compared with older children and adults. The mechanisms for this are not well understood but may reflect reduced activity of the peripheral chemoreceptors (in the carotid body) and nonadaptive responses in the respiratory center (in the brainstem). A child has laryngotracheobronchitis. Which information should the advanced practice nurse remember when planning care for this child? A) laryngotracheobronchitis is caused by subglottic edema from infection B) It produces supraglottic edema and airway obstruction C) This condition usually occurs in children from 2 to 5 months. D) The child requires antibiotic therapy - ANSWERS,A) laryngotracheobronchitis is caused by subglottic edema from infection Croup is caused by subglottic edema from infection. Obstructive sleep apnea is most commonly associated with: A) seal-like barking cough. B) epiglottis folding inward, covering the glottis. C) adenotonsillar hypertrophy. D) allergy. - ANSWERS,C) adenotonsillar hypertrophy. The most common predisposing factor is adenotonsillar hypertrophy, which causes physical impingement on the nasopharyngeal airway. Which pathophysiologic response is correctly matched to its disease? A) Bronchiolitis: Is caused by a surfactant deficiency, which decreases the alveolar surface area. B) Pneumonia: Is a viral-induced lower respiratory tract infection of the small airways in children younger than 2 years of age. C) Bronchiolitis obliterans: Is caused by fibrotic obstruction of the respiratory bronchioles and alveolar ducts. D) RDS: Is an infection and inflammation in the terminal airways and alveoli. - ANSWERS,C) Bronchiolitis obliterans: Is caused by fibrotic obstruction of the respiratory bronchioles and alveolar ducts. Bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) is fibrotic obstruction of the respiratory bronchioles and alveolar ducts secondary to intense inflammation. An advanced practice nurse recalls that cystic fibrosis is associated with: A) defective epithelial chloride ion transport. B) increased mucociliary action. C) bronchial hyperreactivity. D) propensity for upper respiratory infections. - ANSWERS,A) defective epithelial chloride ion transport. Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive inherited disorder that is associated with defective epithelial chloride ion transport. Which of the following symptoms is associated with B12 deficiency anemia? A) Spoon-shaped nails and pica B) Abnormal neurological exam C) Vegan diet D) Tingling and numbness of both feet - ANSWERS,D) Tingling and numbness of both feet Koilonychia, also known as spoon nails, is a nail disease that can be a sign of hypochromic anemia, especially iron-deficiency anemia. It refers to abnormally thin nails (usually of the hand) which have lost their convexity, becoming flat or even concave in shape. Vitamin B12 deficiency is characterized by abnormally low levels of circulating B12 due to a poor diet or inadequate absorption of this vitamin by the stomach. Unlike pernicious anemia, people with Vitamin B12 deficiency typically have normal levels of intrinsic factor. Also called pernicious anemia, this type of anemia is due to a lack of vitamin B12 in your diet. This B vitamin plays an important role in making red blood cells. In nature, this vitamin is only available in meat or animal products, which is why vegans must be careful to find other ways to include it in their diets. The mother of an 11-year-old boy with sickle cell anemia calls on the phone because her son woke up with a painful penile erection that will not go away. The nurse Practitioner's most appropriate intervention is: A) Insert a Foley catheter and measure the child's intake and output for the next 24 hours. B) Insert a Foley catheter to obtain a specimen for urinalys