PPR Review Questions and Answers Latest Update 2024/2025 | 100% Correct.

PPR Review Questions and Answers Latest Update 2024/2025 | 100% Correct. Transitions There are 2 types of transitions that a teacher must plan for: (a) moving children from one type of activity to another (b)changing from one subject to another. Schema knowledge structure or mental organization of a concept. (PIAGET) Private Speech "self talk" or oral directions where VYGOTSKY says people both self-guide and monitor their thinking and problem solving by talking out loud to themselves. Developmentally Appropriate teachers should design instruction that matches the students cognitive,physical,social and emotional stages. Scaffolding children can often do many tasks with assistance from adults or knowledgeable peers. *** AS CHILDREN BECOME COMPETENT, SUPPORT IS GRADUALLY REDUCED*** PPR Review Questions and Answers (Already Passed) Latest Update 2024/2025 Readiness a teacher must consider the students current ability to complete a task. Psychomotor Domain children learn physical skills in a particular order. 1. Perception: pays attention to 2. Set: learners become prepared mentally 3. Guided Response: learner tries with coaching 4. Mechanism: learner practices to improve 5. Complex or overt responses: learner becomes proficient 6. Adaptation: learner transfers current skill to the new one. 7. Origination: learner can create original skills based upon a new one. Formal operational stage children ages 11-adult obtain the ability to think abstractly. (PIAGET) Pr-conventional moral reasoning children decide if something is wrong by the consequences (reward or punishment) that are received following a behavior. ( KOHLBERG) Conventional Moral Reasoning children decide on a particular action to gain approval. (KOHLBERG) Pre-Moral Stage very young children are unaware of right,wrong and rules. (PIAGET) Moral absolute stage Piaget believed that young children entering school have no flexibility with rules despite any extenuating circumstances; thus teachers must establish broad general rules. Maturation internally determined changes in a person. Development according to educational theorist,humans change cognitively,physically,socially and emotionally over the course of their lives in systematic ways. Egocentrism young children do not have the ability to see their perspective of others. Cognitive Development changes in mental operations of thinking and reasoning. children go through 4 stages of change in mental processes. (a) sensory motor (b) pre-operational (c) concrete operational (d) formal operational Concrete operational stage at about ages 7-11,children can perform advanced thinking, but it must be based on concrete experiences. (PIAGET) Many students do not leave this stage right at 11; therefore many high school students may still have trouble thinking abstractly and secondary teachers should continue to offer many concrete experiences. students develop the abilities to conserve, consider more than one aspect of a problem, classify, use seriation when they have concrete experiences , and manipulative. Pre-operational Stage 2-7 year olds develop symbolic thought and intuitive thinking. (PIAGET) Zone of proximal development teachers seek to instruct at the place at which a child can succeed at a task with some help from a skilled peer or adult. Initiative-vs-Guilt from the age of 3-6 years old children can develop either independence or dependence on adults as a result of being encouraged or allowed to explore and take risks. ***IF PUNISHED, THEY WILL BE LESS LIKELY TO BE RISK TAKERS*** Industry-vs-inferiority from ages 6-12 years old children develop either feelings of competence or worthlessness in both academic and social skills based upon the amount of support they receive as they try new things. inclusion children with exceptionalities are placed in regular classrooms and the regular teacher is supported by special education specialist. ESL English as a second language. Non-native English speakers are placed in a program that support learning English while participating in all other academic areas in the regular classroom. Differently abled these students with exceptionalities who are provided with special education services. Ability groups children are placed in homogeneous grouping s according to their academic abilities. Research shows this to be inefective for many students because they become "labeled" and expectations for their abilities can dictate how they see themselves and their abilities and how they are taught. Bloom's Taxonomy (1) Knowledge level: lower level of thinking. Students must only recall information or knowledge. (2) Comprehension level: students demonstrate understanding by explaining, illustrating,comparing,etc. (3) Application level: students must use or apply what they have learned in some manner by solving,constructing,demonstrating and so fourth. (4) Analysis level: a higher level of Bloom's. Students break apart a complex problem into parts. (5) Synthesis level: students put together or apply new concepts in a different setting or create something new. (6)Evaluation level: highest level of Bloom's. Students make supported judgements of outcomes,decide merits,critique,etc. Closure at the end of a lesson (or part of a lesson) the teachers or students summarize the information given. TEKS Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills Interdisciplinary lessons that combine various content and to increase relevancy across the curriculum.