ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam 2023
An immunizing agent that confers active immunity protects by: - CORRECT ANSWERS
providing antibodies obtained from immune humans or animals.
Antacids should be given one hour apart from most other drugs. Which is the rationale?
- Vancomycin should not be used to treat minor infections because it: CORRECT
ANSWERS Antacids may interfere with absorption of drugs taken at the same
time.
- CORRECT ANSWERS can cause "red man syndrome", a hypertensive crisis
that is almost always fatal.
The antagonist for a client who has overdosed on morphine is: - CORRECT ANSWERS
narcan.
The most serious adverse reaction to oral contraceptives is: - CORRECT ANSWERS
thromboembolism.
When a client develops tolerance to a drug, the nurse would expect: - CORRECT
ANSWERS higher dose needed to achieve same effect.
Antihyperglycemic agents are prescribed for clients with: - CORRECT ANSWERS
Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
The nurse assesses a client shortly after an intravenous infusion of the osmotic diuretic
mannitol is started. Which finding represents an early adverse effect of mannitol? -
CORRECT ANSWERS Bounding pulse
Compared to other beta adrenergic blockers, cardioselective beta adrenergic blockers: -
CORRECT ANSWERS are less likely to cause bronchoconstriction.
A client who experiences motion sickness during airplane flights obtains a prescription
for meclizine (Antivert). When is the best time to take the drug? - CORRECT
ANSWERS One hour before the flight
Before prescribing a cephalosporin, the nurse practitioner asks if the client is allergic to
penicillin. Why is this important to assess? - CORRECT ANSWERS A client who is
allergic to penicillin can have a cross sensitivity to cephalosporins.
The use of which class of antibiotics should be avoided in children? - CORRECT
ANSWERS Tetracyclines
,In a walk-in clinic, clients are often given intramuscular injections. Which drug should be
readily available in case a client has an anaphylactic reaction? - CORRECT ANSWERS
Epinephrine
Thiazide and loop (high ceiling) diuretics are similar in that both: - CORRECT
ANSWERS decrease tubular reabsorption of sodium and water.
Which of the statements by the nurse most accurately describes the effects of declined
plasma albumin levels in older adults? - CORRECT ANSWERS "There is an
increased risk for adverse effects."
To prevent oral fungal infections, the nurse should instruct the client who uses a
beclomethasone inhaler to take which action? - CORRECT ANSWERS Rinse the
mouth after each use.
A client takes ethinyl estradiol/norgestimate (Ortho Tri-Cyclen) birth control pills. She
calls the clinic and relates that she missed her medication yesterday. Which instructions
will the nurse give? - CORRECT ANSWERS "Take two pills today then continue on
a daily basis."
The nurse may administer acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) inhalation to: - CORRECT
ANSWERS facilitate mucus expectoration.
Development of a chronic cough is an adverse effect associated with which class of
anti-hypertensive drugs? - CORRECT ANSWERS Angiotensin converting enzyme
(ACE) inhibitors
The nurse may administer baclofen (Lioresal) for the treatment of which condition? -
CORRECT ANSWERS Protracted muscle spasticity
Oral diazepam (Valium), a benzodiazepine, has been prescribed for a client who has
anxiety and muscle spasms. Which nursing intervention is appropriate for the care of
this client? - CORRECT ANSWERS Assess for incoordination and daytime
drowsiness.
The nurse practitioner prescribed anhydrous theophylline (Theo-Dur) for the client with
chronic bronchitis. With which disorder would the nurse practitioner reconsider the use
of this medication? - CORRECT ANSWERS Hypertension
When a client is receiving intravenous fluid with supplementary potassium chloride, it is
especially important for the nurse to monitor for which potential adverse effect? -
CORRECT ANSWERS Cardiac dsyrhythmias
Which adverse effect is common for a client being treated with the antidepressant
fluoxetine (Prozac)? - CORRECT ANSWERS Sexual dysfunction
, After giving a dose of dextromethorphan, an antitussive, which data reflects evaluation
of the drug's effectiveness? - CORRECT ANSWERS Client states that cough has been
relieved.
Prior to giving a client a dose of digoxin, the nurse counts the apical pulse. If the rate is
62 bpm and regular, which is the appropriate nursing action? - CORRECT ANSWERS
Give the drug and document the heart rate.
Digoxin is started for a client with an atrial arrhythmia. Within three days, the client's
heart rate has decreased from 94 to 74. What action of digitalis explains this change? -
CORRECT ANSWERS Slowed impulse conduction
One mechanism by which antihypertensive drugs lower blood pressure is to: -
CORRECT ANSWERS dilate peripheral blood vessels.
There are many agents that are useful in the treatment of gastric ulcers. Which agent
reacts with hydrochloric acid to form a viscous protective barrier over the ulcer? -
CORRECT ANSWERS Sucralfate (Carafate)
A client whose asthma has been poorly controlled is prescribed cromolyn sodium (Intal)
for inhalation. Client teaching should include which statement by the nurse? -
CORRECT ANSWERS "Using this drug regularly will reduce the frequency of acute
attacks."
The combination of aluminum and magnesium in many antacids decreases the risk of: -
CORRECT ANSWERS diarrhea or constipation.
A client who is taking one daily dose of a thiazide diuretic should be instructed to: -
CORRECT ANSWERS take the medication in morning to avoid nighttime voiding.
Which phase of pharmacokinetics is affected most by abnormal liver function? -
CORRECT ANSWERS Metabolism
A medication order is written for ciprofloxacin (Cipro). For which client should the nurse
question use of this medication? - CORRECT ANSWERS Child age 10
A home health client tells the nurse that she is taking triamterene (Dyrenium) for fluid
retention. She tells the nurse she is using a salt substitute so she will not retain so much
water. What is the most appropriate nursing response? - CORRECT ANSWERS "Using
a salt substitute with this medication could cause you to have too much potassium."
Orders are written for anticholinergic drugs for each of the following clients. Which order
should the nurse question? - CORRECT ANSWERS Atropine combined with opioid
analgesics to relieve pain in a 30-year-old client with urinary calculi.
An immunizing agent that confers active immunity protects by: - CORRECT ANSWERS
providing antibodies obtained from immune humans or animals.
Antacids should be given one hour apart from most other drugs. Which is the rationale?
- Vancomycin should not be used to treat minor infections because it: CORRECT
ANSWERS Antacids may interfere with absorption of drugs taken at the same
time.
- CORRECT ANSWERS can cause "red man syndrome", a hypertensive crisis
that is almost always fatal.
The antagonist for a client who has overdosed on morphine is: - CORRECT ANSWERS
narcan.
The most serious adverse reaction to oral contraceptives is: - CORRECT ANSWERS
thromboembolism.
When a client develops tolerance to a drug, the nurse would expect: - CORRECT
ANSWERS higher dose needed to achieve same effect.
Antihyperglycemic agents are prescribed for clients with: - CORRECT ANSWERS
Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
The nurse assesses a client shortly after an intravenous infusion of the osmotic diuretic
mannitol is started. Which finding represents an early adverse effect of mannitol? -
CORRECT ANSWERS Bounding pulse
Compared to other beta adrenergic blockers, cardioselective beta adrenergic blockers: -
CORRECT ANSWERS are less likely to cause bronchoconstriction.
A client who experiences motion sickness during airplane flights obtains a prescription
for meclizine (Antivert). When is the best time to take the drug? - CORRECT
ANSWERS One hour before the flight
Before prescribing a cephalosporin, the nurse practitioner asks if the client is allergic to
penicillin. Why is this important to assess? - CORRECT ANSWERS A client who is
allergic to penicillin can have a cross sensitivity to cephalosporins.
The use of which class of antibiotics should be avoided in children? - CORRECT
ANSWERS Tetracyclines
,In a walk-in clinic, clients are often given intramuscular injections. Which drug should be
readily available in case a client has an anaphylactic reaction? - CORRECT ANSWERS
Epinephrine
Thiazide and loop (high ceiling) diuretics are similar in that both: - CORRECT
ANSWERS decrease tubular reabsorption of sodium and water.
Which of the statements by the nurse most accurately describes the effects of declined
plasma albumin levels in older adults? - CORRECT ANSWERS "There is an
increased risk for adverse effects."
To prevent oral fungal infections, the nurse should instruct the client who uses a
beclomethasone inhaler to take which action? - CORRECT ANSWERS Rinse the
mouth after each use.
A client takes ethinyl estradiol/norgestimate (Ortho Tri-Cyclen) birth control pills. She
calls the clinic and relates that she missed her medication yesterday. Which instructions
will the nurse give? - CORRECT ANSWERS "Take two pills today then continue on
a daily basis."
The nurse may administer acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) inhalation to: - CORRECT
ANSWERS facilitate mucus expectoration.
Development of a chronic cough is an adverse effect associated with which class of
anti-hypertensive drugs? - CORRECT ANSWERS Angiotensin converting enzyme
(ACE) inhibitors
The nurse may administer baclofen (Lioresal) for the treatment of which condition? -
CORRECT ANSWERS Protracted muscle spasticity
Oral diazepam (Valium), a benzodiazepine, has been prescribed for a client who has
anxiety and muscle spasms. Which nursing intervention is appropriate for the care of
this client? - CORRECT ANSWERS Assess for incoordination and daytime
drowsiness.
The nurse practitioner prescribed anhydrous theophylline (Theo-Dur) for the client with
chronic bronchitis. With which disorder would the nurse practitioner reconsider the use
of this medication? - CORRECT ANSWERS Hypertension
When a client is receiving intravenous fluid with supplementary potassium chloride, it is
especially important for the nurse to monitor for which potential adverse effect? -
CORRECT ANSWERS Cardiac dsyrhythmias
Which adverse effect is common for a client being treated with the antidepressant
fluoxetine (Prozac)? - CORRECT ANSWERS Sexual dysfunction
, After giving a dose of dextromethorphan, an antitussive, which data reflects evaluation
of the drug's effectiveness? - CORRECT ANSWERS Client states that cough has been
relieved.
Prior to giving a client a dose of digoxin, the nurse counts the apical pulse. If the rate is
62 bpm and regular, which is the appropriate nursing action? - CORRECT ANSWERS
Give the drug and document the heart rate.
Digoxin is started for a client with an atrial arrhythmia. Within three days, the client's
heart rate has decreased from 94 to 74. What action of digitalis explains this change? -
CORRECT ANSWERS Slowed impulse conduction
One mechanism by which antihypertensive drugs lower blood pressure is to: -
CORRECT ANSWERS dilate peripheral blood vessels.
There are many agents that are useful in the treatment of gastric ulcers. Which agent
reacts with hydrochloric acid to form a viscous protective barrier over the ulcer? -
CORRECT ANSWERS Sucralfate (Carafate)
A client whose asthma has been poorly controlled is prescribed cromolyn sodium (Intal)
for inhalation. Client teaching should include which statement by the nurse? -
CORRECT ANSWERS "Using this drug regularly will reduce the frequency of acute
attacks."
The combination of aluminum and magnesium in many antacids decreases the risk of: -
CORRECT ANSWERS diarrhea or constipation.
A client who is taking one daily dose of a thiazide diuretic should be instructed to: -
CORRECT ANSWERS take the medication in morning to avoid nighttime voiding.
Which phase of pharmacokinetics is affected most by abnormal liver function? -
CORRECT ANSWERS Metabolism
A medication order is written for ciprofloxacin (Cipro). For which client should the nurse
question use of this medication? - CORRECT ANSWERS Child age 10
A home health client tells the nurse that she is taking triamterene (Dyrenium) for fluid
retention. She tells the nurse she is using a salt substitute so she will not retain so much
water. What is the most appropriate nursing response? - CORRECT ANSWERS "Using
a salt substitute with this medication could cause you to have too much potassium."
Orders are written for anticholinergic drugs for each of the following clients. Which order
should the nurse question? - CORRECT ANSWERS Atropine combined with opioid
analgesics to relieve pain in a 30-year-old client with urinary calculi.
