ATI Pharmacology Proctored Exam -
2023
Medications for Infection: Aminoglycosides - CORRECT ANSWERS Gentamcin -
fights infection
- C: pregnancy, renal issues
- AE: Ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, hypersensitivity
- NC: Peaks and troughs
Medications for Infection: Carbapenems - CORRECT ANSWERS Meropenem,
Imipenem - fights infection
- C: Penicillin allergy, renal issues
- AE: GI upset, superinfection, allergies
- NC: Monitor for allergic reactions
Medications for Infection: Penicillins - CORRECT ANSWERS Penicillin, Amoxicillin,
Ampicillin - fights infection
- C: Allergic to penicillin, renal issues
- AE: Allergies, renal issues, hyperkalemia, hypernatremia, dysrhythmias
- NC: Take with food, use additional contraceptive, complete entire course of
therapy even it pt. is feeling better.
Medications for Infection: Cephalosporins - CORRECT ANSWERS Cefazolin,
Ceftriaxone =- fights infection
- C: Penicillin or cephalosporin allergy, renal issues
- AE: Renal issues, pain with IM injections, superinfection
- NC: take with food, store oral's in refrigerator
Medications for Infection: Cell wall inhibitor - CORRECT ANSWERS Vancomycin:
fights infection
- C: hearing loss, renal issues
- AE: Red mans syndrome, otoxicity, renal toxicity
- NC: Give slowly over 60 mins IV to help prevent red mans syndrome, complete entire
course of therapy even it pt. is feeling better.
Medications for Infection: Tetracyclines - CORRECT ANSWERS Doxycycline: fights
infection, acne, lyme disease
- C: pregnancy, liver/kidney disease
- AE: If given to children <8 - causes tooth discoloration, photosensitivity, GI upset,
superinfection
- NC: use additional contraceptive, complete entire course of therapy even it pt. is
feeling better.
,Medications for Infection: Macrolides - CORRECT ANSWERS Erythromycin,
Azithromycin (z-pak) - fights infections, pneumonia, pertussis, chlamydia (is an
alt. med. for those who are allergic to penicillin)
- C: Liver disease, prolonged QT
- AE: GI upset, ototoxicity, prolonged QT
- NC: Use additional contraceptive, if treating an STD - treat partner as well.
Medications for Infection: Sulfonamides & Trimethoprim - CORRECT ANSWERS
Trimethoprim-silfamethoxazole - treats UTI's
- C: Pregnancy/lactation, folate deficiency, renal issues
- AE: Agranulocytosis, hyperkalemia, hypersensitivity
- NC: Take on an empty stomach! Use additional contraceptive, complete entire
course of therapy even it pt. is feeling better.
Medications for Infection: Urinary tract antiseptic - CORRECT ANSWERS
Nitrofurantoin: treats UTI's
- C: pregnancy/lactation, renal issues
- AE: GI upset, peripheral neuropathy
- NC: turns urine rust-yellow to brown, can stain teeth, complete entire course of
therapy even it pt. is feeling better.
Medications for Infection: Fluoroquinolones - CORRECT ANSWERS Ciprofloxacin -
fights infection
- C: Can cause spontaneous tendon rupture in children <18, pregnancy/lactation
- AE: GI upset, tendon rupture, superinfection, phototoxicity
- NC: Low doses in pt's with renal impairment, complete entire course of therapy
even it pt. is feeling better.
Medications for Infection: UT analgesic - CORRECT ANSWERS Phenazopyridine:
treats UTI's (is a dye that functions as a local anesthetic on the mucosa of the
urinary tract)
Medications for Infection: Antiprotozoals - CORRECT ANSWERS Metronidazole:
treats protozoal infections
- C: pregnancy, kidney/cardiac/fungal/candida infection, seizure disorder
- AE: GI upset, darkening of urine, neurotoxicity, superinfection
- NC: Use additional birth control
Medications for Infection: Antimycobacterials - CORRECT ANSWERS Isoniazid:
treats tuberculosis
- C: older adults, people with diabetes, alcoholism
- AE: hepatotoxicity, hyperglycemia, peripheral neuropathy
- NC: Use additional birth control
Rifampin: treats infection & TB
- C: hepatic impairment
- AE: Can turn excretory fluids orange, GI upset, superinfection, hepatotoxicity
, - NC: Full glass of water, non-hormonal contraception
Medications for Infection: Antifungals - CORRECT ANSWERS Amphotericin B,
Ketoconazole: treats fungal infections
- C: Anemia, pregnancy/lactation, renal issues
- AE: Gynecomastia, nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, electrolyte imbalance, bone marrow
suppression
- NC: Amphotericin B is VERY toxic, used only for life-threatening situations, use
additional birth control, complete entire course of therapy even it pt. is feeling better.
Medications for Infection: Antivirals - CORRECT ANSWERS Acyclovir, Oseltamivir:
Herpes Simplex & Herpes Zoster (Acyclovir), Influenza (Oseltamivir)
- C: Renal impairment
- AE: Acyclovir can cause phlebitis and nephrotoxicity
- NC: Use additional contraception, complete entire course of therapy even it pt. is
feeling better.
Medications for Pain and Inflammation: Non-opioid Analgesics - CORRECT ANSWERS
Aspirin, Ibuprofen, Naproxen, Celecoxib: treats fever, pain, inflammation, Antiplatelet
(aspirin)
- C: Children (aspirin), pregnancy/lactation, peptic ulcer disease
- AE: Reye's syndrome, GI upset, renal issues, increased risk of stroke or heart attack
- NC: Take with food, DO NOT CRUSH/CHEW enteric coated or extended release
aspirin tablets
Medications for Pain and Inflammation: Acetaminophen - CORRECT ANSWERS
Acetaminophen: pain, fever
- C: liver issues, chronic alcohol use disorder
- AE: Toxicity
- NC: Read medication labels, if pain/fever lasts >3 days, contact provider
Medications for Pain and Inflammation: Opioid Agonists - CORRECT ANSWERS
Morphine: pain, sedation, cough suppression (codeine)
- C: premature infants, asthma, renal/hepatic disease, kidney failure
- AE: Respiratory depression, sedation, ortho. hypo, constipation
- NC: Assess pain level, check vitals especially RR, double check doses with another
nurse.
Medications for Pain and Inflammation: Agonist-Antagonist Opioids - CORRECT
ANSWERS Butorphanol: pain, less potential for abuse
- C: MI, kidney/liver disease, respiratory depression, opioid dependancy
- AE: Abstinence syndrome, sedation, dizziness, headache
- NC: baseline vitals, have naloxone ready
Medications for Pain and Inflammation: Opioid Antagonist - CORRECT ANSWERS
Naloxone: Treats opioid overose
2023
Medications for Infection: Aminoglycosides - CORRECT ANSWERS Gentamcin -
fights infection
- C: pregnancy, renal issues
- AE: Ototoxicity, nephrotoxicity, hypersensitivity
- NC: Peaks and troughs
Medications for Infection: Carbapenems - CORRECT ANSWERS Meropenem,
Imipenem - fights infection
- C: Penicillin allergy, renal issues
- AE: GI upset, superinfection, allergies
- NC: Monitor for allergic reactions
Medications for Infection: Penicillins - CORRECT ANSWERS Penicillin, Amoxicillin,
Ampicillin - fights infection
- C: Allergic to penicillin, renal issues
- AE: Allergies, renal issues, hyperkalemia, hypernatremia, dysrhythmias
- NC: Take with food, use additional contraceptive, complete entire course of
therapy even it pt. is feeling better.
Medications for Infection: Cephalosporins - CORRECT ANSWERS Cefazolin,
Ceftriaxone =- fights infection
- C: Penicillin or cephalosporin allergy, renal issues
- AE: Renal issues, pain with IM injections, superinfection
- NC: take with food, store oral's in refrigerator
Medications for Infection: Cell wall inhibitor - CORRECT ANSWERS Vancomycin:
fights infection
- C: hearing loss, renal issues
- AE: Red mans syndrome, otoxicity, renal toxicity
- NC: Give slowly over 60 mins IV to help prevent red mans syndrome, complete entire
course of therapy even it pt. is feeling better.
Medications for Infection: Tetracyclines - CORRECT ANSWERS Doxycycline: fights
infection, acne, lyme disease
- C: pregnancy, liver/kidney disease
- AE: If given to children <8 - causes tooth discoloration, photosensitivity, GI upset,
superinfection
- NC: use additional contraceptive, complete entire course of therapy even it pt. is
feeling better.
,Medications for Infection: Macrolides - CORRECT ANSWERS Erythromycin,
Azithromycin (z-pak) - fights infections, pneumonia, pertussis, chlamydia (is an
alt. med. for those who are allergic to penicillin)
- C: Liver disease, prolonged QT
- AE: GI upset, ototoxicity, prolonged QT
- NC: Use additional contraceptive, if treating an STD - treat partner as well.
Medications for Infection: Sulfonamides & Trimethoprim - CORRECT ANSWERS
Trimethoprim-silfamethoxazole - treats UTI's
- C: Pregnancy/lactation, folate deficiency, renal issues
- AE: Agranulocytosis, hyperkalemia, hypersensitivity
- NC: Take on an empty stomach! Use additional contraceptive, complete entire
course of therapy even it pt. is feeling better.
Medications for Infection: Urinary tract antiseptic - CORRECT ANSWERS
Nitrofurantoin: treats UTI's
- C: pregnancy/lactation, renal issues
- AE: GI upset, peripheral neuropathy
- NC: turns urine rust-yellow to brown, can stain teeth, complete entire course of
therapy even it pt. is feeling better.
Medications for Infection: Fluoroquinolones - CORRECT ANSWERS Ciprofloxacin -
fights infection
- C: Can cause spontaneous tendon rupture in children <18, pregnancy/lactation
- AE: GI upset, tendon rupture, superinfection, phototoxicity
- NC: Low doses in pt's with renal impairment, complete entire course of therapy
even it pt. is feeling better.
Medications for Infection: UT analgesic - CORRECT ANSWERS Phenazopyridine:
treats UTI's (is a dye that functions as a local anesthetic on the mucosa of the
urinary tract)
Medications for Infection: Antiprotozoals - CORRECT ANSWERS Metronidazole:
treats protozoal infections
- C: pregnancy, kidney/cardiac/fungal/candida infection, seizure disorder
- AE: GI upset, darkening of urine, neurotoxicity, superinfection
- NC: Use additional birth control
Medications for Infection: Antimycobacterials - CORRECT ANSWERS Isoniazid:
treats tuberculosis
- C: older adults, people with diabetes, alcoholism
- AE: hepatotoxicity, hyperglycemia, peripheral neuropathy
- NC: Use additional birth control
Rifampin: treats infection & TB
- C: hepatic impairment
- AE: Can turn excretory fluids orange, GI upset, superinfection, hepatotoxicity
, - NC: Full glass of water, non-hormonal contraception
Medications for Infection: Antifungals - CORRECT ANSWERS Amphotericin B,
Ketoconazole: treats fungal infections
- C: Anemia, pregnancy/lactation, renal issues
- AE: Gynecomastia, nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, electrolyte imbalance, bone marrow
suppression
- NC: Amphotericin B is VERY toxic, used only for life-threatening situations, use
additional birth control, complete entire course of therapy even it pt. is feeling better.
Medications for Infection: Antivirals - CORRECT ANSWERS Acyclovir, Oseltamivir:
Herpes Simplex & Herpes Zoster (Acyclovir), Influenza (Oseltamivir)
- C: Renal impairment
- AE: Acyclovir can cause phlebitis and nephrotoxicity
- NC: Use additional contraception, complete entire course of therapy even it pt. is
feeling better.
Medications for Pain and Inflammation: Non-opioid Analgesics - CORRECT ANSWERS
Aspirin, Ibuprofen, Naproxen, Celecoxib: treats fever, pain, inflammation, Antiplatelet
(aspirin)
- C: Children (aspirin), pregnancy/lactation, peptic ulcer disease
- AE: Reye's syndrome, GI upset, renal issues, increased risk of stroke or heart attack
- NC: Take with food, DO NOT CRUSH/CHEW enteric coated or extended release
aspirin tablets
Medications for Pain and Inflammation: Acetaminophen - CORRECT ANSWERS
Acetaminophen: pain, fever
- C: liver issues, chronic alcohol use disorder
- AE: Toxicity
- NC: Read medication labels, if pain/fever lasts >3 days, contact provider
Medications for Pain and Inflammation: Opioid Agonists - CORRECT ANSWERS
Morphine: pain, sedation, cough suppression (codeine)
- C: premature infants, asthma, renal/hepatic disease, kidney failure
- AE: Respiratory depression, sedation, ortho. hypo, constipation
- NC: Assess pain level, check vitals especially RR, double check doses with another
nurse.
Medications for Pain and Inflammation: Agonist-Antagonist Opioids - CORRECT
ANSWERS Butorphanol: pain, less potential for abuse
- C: MI, kidney/liver disease, respiratory depression, opioid dependancy
- AE: Abstinence syndrome, sedation, dizziness, headache
- NC: baseline vitals, have naloxone ready
Medications for Pain and Inflammation: Opioid Antagonist - CORRECT ANSWERS
Naloxone: Treats opioid overose
