Early Childhood Praxis 5025 Exam Questions
With Complete Answers
Definition of Alphabetic Principle
The letters of the alphabet are symbols to represent the various phonemes (speech
sounds) we use in our language.
Children typically learn the names of numbers or how to count first?
Normally developing young children typically learn to count before they have learned
the names of all of the numbers. They do NOT typically learn all number names before
learning to count
What understanding of time do young children have?
Adults can help young children understand the concepts that time passes and is
counted and measured by engaging them in counting activities, getting them used to
counting in general, telling them how much time various activities took, and showing
them the second hand on a clock or watch and counting "One second, two seconds,
three...." Young children typically have NOT yet developed understanding of the
abstract concept of time
How do children develop shape perception?
Children develop shape perception in a chronological sequence, rather than all at once
(D). At their youngest, children can identify simple shapes by sight. Only once their
linguistic and cognitive skills develop further do they learn the words to name these
shapes (B). When they reach the third level of shape perception, children no longer rely
only on intuition and appearances, but can also analyze shapes (C), so that they can
recognize even a triangle, for example, which is crooked, distorted, taller/thinner/wider
than usual, by its constant properties (e.g., three sides, which may be of equal or
different lengths).
Stages of Children's Developing Awareness
, Newborns demonstrate body differentiation in their rooting and orienting responses for
nursing, and young children learn to differentiate their mirror images from other people.
Typically, situation (A) follows differentiation: children progress from differentiating self
to realizing that their bodies/selves are physically situated in space, and that their mirror
reflections are unique to their selves. Subsequently, children develop identification (C),
e.g., knowing one's mirror image is "me" as demonstrated by their touching something
applied to their face when they see it in a mirror. Thereafter, they develop permanence
(B), the recognition that their self is permanent across space and time. (The fifth level of
self-
awareness is "meta"-self-awareness or self-consciousness, allowing perception of the
self from others' perspectives.)
What can children differentiate from birth?
From birth, infants can tell the difference between their own bodies and the environment
around them. They can differentiate between internal stimulation from touching
themselves and external stimulation from others touching them. Children typically
develop the recognition of photos and mirror images as symbolic representations of
themselves
Types of Parenting
Authoritative parents are nurturing, responsive, and forgiving; they are assertive but not
punitive. They make rules but explain them to children. Authoritarian (B) parents are
overly strict, unresponsive, and demanding, and do not explain rules. Permissive (C)
parents are nurturing, responsive, and communicative; but are also undemanding,
overly indulgent, and avoid discipline. Uninvolved (D) parents are undemanding and
unresponsive; meeting only basic child needs, they are detached from their children's
lives.
Latitude vs Longitude
Latitude runs right and left so a synonym is parallels
Longitude runs up and down also called meridian
Scientific Skill of Inference
When scientists and students are able to identify patterns and find meaning in the
results of their experiments, they are using the process skill of Inference.
With Complete Answers
Definition of Alphabetic Principle
The letters of the alphabet are symbols to represent the various phonemes (speech
sounds) we use in our language.
Children typically learn the names of numbers or how to count first?
Normally developing young children typically learn to count before they have learned
the names of all of the numbers. They do NOT typically learn all number names before
learning to count
What understanding of time do young children have?
Adults can help young children understand the concepts that time passes and is
counted and measured by engaging them in counting activities, getting them used to
counting in general, telling them how much time various activities took, and showing
them the second hand on a clock or watch and counting "One second, two seconds,
three...." Young children typically have NOT yet developed understanding of the
abstract concept of time
How do children develop shape perception?
Children develop shape perception in a chronological sequence, rather than all at once
(D). At their youngest, children can identify simple shapes by sight. Only once their
linguistic and cognitive skills develop further do they learn the words to name these
shapes (B). When they reach the third level of shape perception, children no longer rely
only on intuition and appearances, but can also analyze shapes (C), so that they can
recognize even a triangle, for example, which is crooked, distorted, taller/thinner/wider
than usual, by its constant properties (e.g., three sides, which may be of equal or
different lengths).
Stages of Children's Developing Awareness
, Newborns demonstrate body differentiation in their rooting and orienting responses for
nursing, and young children learn to differentiate their mirror images from other people.
Typically, situation (A) follows differentiation: children progress from differentiating self
to realizing that their bodies/selves are physically situated in space, and that their mirror
reflections are unique to their selves. Subsequently, children develop identification (C),
e.g., knowing one's mirror image is "me" as demonstrated by their touching something
applied to their face when they see it in a mirror. Thereafter, they develop permanence
(B), the recognition that their self is permanent across space and time. (The fifth level of
self-
awareness is "meta"-self-awareness or self-consciousness, allowing perception of the
self from others' perspectives.)
What can children differentiate from birth?
From birth, infants can tell the difference between their own bodies and the environment
around them. They can differentiate between internal stimulation from touching
themselves and external stimulation from others touching them. Children typically
develop the recognition of photos and mirror images as symbolic representations of
themselves
Types of Parenting
Authoritative parents are nurturing, responsive, and forgiving; they are assertive but not
punitive. They make rules but explain them to children. Authoritarian (B) parents are
overly strict, unresponsive, and demanding, and do not explain rules. Permissive (C)
parents are nurturing, responsive, and communicative; but are also undemanding,
overly indulgent, and avoid discipline. Uninvolved (D) parents are undemanding and
unresponsive; meeting only basic child needs, they are detached from their children's
lives.
Latitude vs Longitude
Latitude runs right and left so a synonym is parallels
Longitude runs up and down also called meridian
Scientific Skill of Inference
When scientists and students are able to identify patterns and find meaning in the
results of their experiments, they are using the process skill of Inference.
