LAT Final Exam Review Questions & Answers Rated 100% Correct!!

LAT Final Exam Review Questions & Answers Rated 100% Correct!! 3 R's Replace Reduce Refine humane care actions taken to assure that animals are treated according to high scientific and ethical standards animal care and use program refers to policies, procedures, standards, organizational structure, staffing and practices implements What is the name of the program that helps to ensure that IACUC-approved procedures are being followed? 1. Postapproval monitoring program Which animals are NOT required by law to be accompanied by a health certificate when being shipped? 2. Laboratory mice Which costs are consistent throughout the budget period? 3. Fixed costs Which feature is required to be provided for dogs by the Animal Welfare Act (AWA)? 4. An exercise program If animals are to be euthanized at the end of a study, the method of euthanasia must be in accordance with the guidelines set up by the ____________. 5. American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) What is the definition of compliance? 6. Knowing the rules and following them What are the two federal agencies that require compliance with the Good Laboratory Practice (GLPs) Regulations? 7. Environmental Protection Agency & Food and Drug Administration According to the Good Laboratory Practices (GLPs) Regulations, what are the observations, measurements, and specimens related to a study called? 8. Raw data Which of the following describes what a facility must do to comply with the Animal Welfare Act (AWA)? 9. Animal Welfare Regulations What does the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) have the authority to do? 10. All of the above What is the name of the policy that an institution has in place to protect individuals who report animal welfare concerns? 11. Whistleblower policy Who can restrict or withdraw approval of the Animal Welfare Assurance if an institution fails at its responsibilities? 12. Office of Laboratory Animal Welfare (OLAW) What step must occur before a research study using animals begins? 13. An animal use protocol must be approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC). What document is published by the Institute of Laboratory Animal Research and gives guidance on creating and implementing an institutional occupational health and safety program? 14. Occupational Health and Safety in the Care and Use of Research Animals Before a new drug is tested on human subjects, the drug is tested on animals in a phase that is called __________ testing. a. clinical 15. preclinical What record is needed to calculate per diems? 16. Animal census records What type of management program usually has the animal care program in a separate department that serves all the institution's animal care needs and requests? 17. Centralized management program What is the term that refers to the cost charged to maintain one unit, either one animal or one cage of animals, for one day? 18. Per diem rate What are activities or entities that have expenses but do not directly produce revenue? 19. Cost centers When organizing a to-do list, how should you prioritize tasks? 20. In order of importance and deadline demands If a researcher uses fruit flies instead of mice for a study, which of the 3Rs principles is being applied? 21. Replacement If a researcher minimizes the number of potentially painful procedures that animals must undergo in a study, which of the 3Rs principles is being applied? 22. Refinement What is the first step in scientific research? 23. Define the question to be investigated The first step in reporting noncompliance is to: 24. consult your institutional policy for mechanisms for reporting noncompliance. Which of the following is an example of a primary barrier? 25. Biological safety cabinet Which type of chemical kills all microbial life and spores? 26. Sterilizer If the air pressure inside the animal room is lower than the air pressure in the surrounding rooms, the room is said to be under: 27. negative pressure. Which of the following is a form of structural enrichment? 28. Resting board What term describes a passageway with two locking doors which cannot be opened simultaneously? 29. Airlock Which of the following is the least potent sterilizer? 30. Ultraviolet radiation Which method of monitoring the effectiveness of sanitation or sterilization uses spores in a vial? 31. Biological indicators When is the pathogenic microorganism, Mycoplasma pulmonis, more likely to cause disease? 32. When air levels of ammonia are high Which of the following is a factor of the decontamination or sterilization agent that will NOT determine success? 33. Acidity of agent What does positive air pressure within a room do? 34. Helps prevent outside contaminants from entering the room What term refers to the complete removal of all visible debris from a surface? 35. Cleaning What process is a standard way to dechlorinate water? 36. Add sodium thiosulfate What is another term for a static tank system? 37. Closed system Which substance is an example of a chemical filter? 38. Activated carbon What type of water is essential for aquatic species? 39. Water without chlorine Why does the germicidal spectrum of ultraviolet light have to be in a certain wavelength range? 40. To limit microorganism replication What occurs when a fish has gas bubble disease? 41. Gases go into the body and create bubbles in the blood and tissue. How long does it take to establish a healthy biologic filter with the appropriate bacteria? 42. Weeks or months What is the outer layer of skin? 43. Epidermis What membrane attaches tendons to the long bone? 44. Periosteum What are the first two cervical vertebrae called? 45. Axis and atlas What occurs after birth in rat, mice, and guinea pig females? 46. Postpartum estrus What is the formula for the area of a room or cage? 47. area = length x width What should you do when setting up a rodent weaning cage? 48. Place food and water where the pups can reach it.