D322 WGU Correct answers latest update
Information Technology
The technology used in creating, maintaining, and making information accessible.
IT Professional Roles
Administration and Support
System Administrator
responsible for providing technical support for hardware and software issues end users encounter,
such as log-in issues
Network Administrator
is responsible for designing, planning, setting up, and maintaining an organization's network
Database Administrator
is responsible for installing and configuring databases. This position also fixes database errors and
creates user accounts.
Security Administrator
is responsible for installing, administering, and troubleshooting network security issues
Web Administrator
is responsible for troubleshooting error messages employees encounter when attempting to access
their organization's website. The web administrator is also responsible for tracking, compiling, and
analyzing website usage data. This role reports security breaches to appropriate personnel.
Support IT Professionals
Help desk and training.
Information
collection of processed data from a variety of sources
DIKW Hierarchy
Defines the transition of data to information from knowledge to wisdom. (Data Information
Knowledge Wisdom)
Data in DIKW
The input directly received by the user (or computer). It is generally not usable until it has been
converted into a relevant form.
Information in DIKW
Having been inferred from data; one or more processes have been applied to the data to transform it
into a more useful form.
,Knowledge in DIKW
Information that has been put to use; information placed into a context. Refined information such
that the user of the knowledge is able to call forth only relevant portions of information when
needed. KNOWING THR RIGHT THING TO DO
Wisdom in DIKW
Provides a social setting to knowledge; an understanding of the "why". Can only come by having both
knowledge and experience.
Information Systems
A collection of data and information used to support the management of an organization. Also refers
to the technical components and human resources that enable the assembly, storage, and processing
of data and the delivery of information. This has existed for a lot longer than computers.
Characteristics of Quality Data
Relevance - the data being used must apply directly to the decision being made
Timely - data must be efficient and must be provided in a timely manner
Thorough - the data must be complete
Accurate - data should be captured only once, where possible and should be captured as close to the
point of activity as possible.
Reliable - data should reflect stable and consistent data collection processes across collections points
and over time
Structured data
is coded in a way that makes it easy to convert into a form usable for analysis.
Examples of structured data
contact information such as first name, last name, email address, and phone number. In addition,
quantitative fields like date of birth, date of transaction, and the amount received or amount due are
forms of structured data.
Unstructured data
refers to data that is more complex and possibly stored in a format that is not easily decoded.
Examples of unstructured data
include data stored in text or video format, comments on a web page, text messages, and videos of
presentations or conferences.
To begin analyzing business processes
a business must first collect data from multiple platforms and portals.
Data in businesses comes from various activities like
sales and marketing, finance, customer service, and relationship management.
,Companies store data in multiple systems like
customer relationship management (CRM) system and sales records, finance, enterprise resource
planning (ERP), and customer applications. each has data on every customer
Data Hygiene
refers to the processes of ensuring the cleanliness of data (i.e., that the data is relatively error-free)
Data scrubbing
the process of amending or removing data in a database that is incorrect, incomplete, improperly
formatted, or duplicated.
Quality data
defined as data that is precise, valid, reliable, timely, and complete.
Good data enables businesses to do the following:
*Analyze the current financial state of the organization in terms of net profits, revenues, cash flow,
assets, and liabilities
*Increase revenues through better targeting of products and increased customer satisfaction
*Examine existing production processes to take corrective action, improve efficiency, and lower costs
*Develop new, automated processes that integrate harmoniously into existing workflows and reduce
demands on labor
*Gather competitive information on product and pricing decisions to stay ahead of competitors
*Make evidence-based decisions that utilize verifiable data to maximize profits and efficiency
*Understand business value by exploiting rapid changes in information and generating insights from
diverse data sources to widen the competitive differentiation gap
Types of bad data
*Duplicate data: Two or more identical records
*Conflicting data: The same records with differing attributes
*Incomplete data: Missing attributes
*Invalid data: Attributes not conforming to standardization
*Unsynchronized data: Data not appropriately shared between two systems
three general steps for transforming institutional knowledge into implementable data solutions:
capturing, analyzing, and using.
IPO
The input-process-output
4 main functions of a computer
Input, processing, Output, Storage
Input
Raw data is entered by the user.
Processing
, actoins computer takes to execute commands. Raw data is organized or structured for usefulness.
Output
Information is given out so users can see results. results provided by the computer after processing
Storage
Processed information is stored for permanent record.
Computer System
A collection of components that work together to meet the needs of the user; typically categorized as
either hardware, software, networks, or users.
The most important element of a computer system is?
its users, sometimes called liveware
Hardware
Physical components of a computer system which include the system unit and its components and
peripheral devices; tangible aspects of the computer. Motherboards, graphics cards, central
processing units (CPUs), and power supply
Middleware
allows the hardware and software to communicate with each other, enabling data to move between
computer system components
Software
a collection of instructions that enable a user to interact with a computer to perform tasks. Internet
browsers, text editing tools, and spreadsheets are examples of computer software
Types of system software
Windows, Mac, or Linux
Word processing applications
allow users to type letters, complete assignments, and produce any other written artifact.
Spreadsheet applications
Spreadsheet applications help create charts and complete complex calculations.
Email applications
allow a user to receive and send email communications.
Web browsers
allow a user to access the content of web pages on various sites.
The Motherboard
Information Technology
The technology used in creating, maintaining, and making information accessible.
IT Professional Roles
Administration and Support
System Administrator
responsible for providing technical support for hardware and software issues end users encounter,
such as log-in issues
Network Administrator
is responsible for designing, planning, setting up, and maintaining an organization's network
Database Administrator
is responsible for installing and configuring databases. This position also fixes database errors and
creates user accounts.
Security Administrator
is responsible for installing, administering, and troubleshooting network security issues
Web Administrator
is responsible for troubleshooting error messages employees encounter when attempting to access
their organization's website. The web administrator is also responsible for tracking, compiling, and
analyzing website usage data. This role reports security breaches to appropriate personnel.
Support IT Professionals
Help desk and training.
Information
collection of processed data from a variety of sources
DIKW Hierarchy
Defines the transition of data to information from knowledge to wisdom. (Data Information
Knowledge Wisdom)
Data in DIKW
The input directly received by the user (or computer). It is generally not usable until it has been
converted into a relevant form.
Information in DIKW
Having been inferred from data; one or more processes have been applied to the data to transform it
into a more useful form.
,Knowledge in DIKW
Information that has been put to use; information placed into a context. Refined information such
that the user of the knowledge is able to call forth only relevant portions of information when
needed. KNOWING THR RIGHT THING TO DO
Wisdom in DIKW
Provides a social setting to knowledge; an understanding of the "why". Can only come by having both
knowledge and experience.
Information Systems
A collection of data and information used to support the management of an organization. Also refers
to the technical components and human resources that enable the assembly, storage, and processing
of data and the delivery of information. This has existed for a lot longer than computers.
Characteristics of Quality Data
Relevance - the data being used must apply directly to the decision being made
Timely - data must be efficient and must be provided in a timely manner
Thorough - the data must be complete
Accurate - data should be captured only once, where possible and should be captured as close to the
point of activity as possible.
Reliable - data should reflect stable and consistent data collection processes across collections points
and over time
Structured data
is coded in a way that makes it easy to convert into a form usable for analysis.
Examples of structured data
contact information such as first name, last name, email address, and phone number. In addition,
quantitative fields like date of birth, date of transaction, and the amount received or amount due are
forms of structured data.
Unstructured data
refers to data that is more complex and possibly stored in a format that is not easily decoded.
Examples of unstructured data
include data stored in text or video format, comments on a web page, text messages, and videos of
presentations or conferences.
To begin analyzing business processes
a business must first collect data from multiple platforms and portals.
Data in businesses comes from various activities like
sales and marketing, finance, customer service, and relationship management.
,Companies store data in multiple systems like
customer relationship management (CRM) system and sales records, finance, enterprise resource
planning (ERP), and customer applications. each has data on every customer
Data Hygiene
refers to the processes of ensuring the cleanliness of data (i.e., that the data is relatively error-free)
Data scrubbing
the process of amending or removing data in a database that is incorrect, incomplete, improperly
formatted, or duplicated.
Quality data
defined as data that is precise, valid, reliable, timely, and complete.
Good data enables businesses to do the following:
*Analyze the current financial state of the organization in terms of net profits, revenues, cash flow,
assets, and liabilities
*Increase revenues through better targeting of products and increased customer satisfaction
*Examine existing production processes to take corrective action, improve efficiency, and lower costs
*Develop new, automated processes that integrate harmoniously into existing workflows and reduce
demands on labor
*Gather competitive information on product and pricing decisions to stay ahead of competitors
*Make evidence-based decisions that utilize verifiable data to maximize profits and efficiency
*Understand business value by exploiting rapid changes in information and generating insights from
diverse data sources to widen the competitive differentiation gap
Types of bad data
*Duplicate data: Two or more identical records
*Conflicting data: The same records with differing attributes
*Incomplete data: Missing attributes
*Invalid data: Attributes not conforming to standardization
*Unsynchronized data: Data not appropriately shared between two systems
three general steps for transforming institutional knowledge into implementable data solutions:
capturing, analyzing, and using.
IPO
The input-process-output
4 main functions of a computer
Input, processing, Output, Storage
Input
Raw data is entered by the user.
Processing
, actoins computer takes to execute commands. Raw data is organized or structured for usefulness.
Output
Information is given out so users can see results. results provided by the computer after processing
Storage
Processed information is stored for permanent record.
Computer System
A collection of components that work together to meet the needs of the user; typically categorized as
either hardware, software, networks, or users.
The most important element of a computer system is?
its users, sometimes called liveware
Hardware
Physical components of a computer system which include the system unit and its components and
peripheral devices; tangible aspects of the computer. Motherboards, graphics cards, central
processing units (CPUs), and power supply
Middleware
allows the hardware and software to communicate with each other, enabling data to move between
computer system components
Software
a collection of instructions that enable a user to interact with a computer to perform tasks. Internet
browsers, text editing tools, and spreadsheets are examples of computer software
Types of system software
Windows, Mac, or Linux
Word processing applications
allow users to type letters, complete assignments, and produce any other written artifact.
Spreadsheet applications
Spreadsheet applications help create charts and complete complex calculations.
Email applications
allow a user to receive and send email communications.
Web browsers
allow a user to access the content of web pages on various sites.
The Motherboard
