Sigmund Freud
Sigmund Freud, the father of psychoanalysis, revolutionized our understanding of the mind.
Levels of Mental Life
Unconscious Preconscious Conscious
Houses information that is Contains thoughts,
Stores memories,
not in current awareness but perceptions, and
emotions, and desires that
can be brought into memories that we are
are not readily accessible
consciousness with ease. currently aware of.
to conscious awareness.
Acts as a middle ground Processes information
Influences behavior,
between the conscious and actively and can be
emotions, and perceptions
unconscious minds. accessed easily.
without our awareness.
Includes memories, Responsible for
Contains repressed or
thoughts, and feelings that immediate decision-
forgotten memories and
can be retrieved with some making and problem-
instincts.
effort. solving.
Province of the Mind
Id: Primitive, pleasure-seeking Superego: Internalized moral Ego: The mediator, balancing
part driven by basic instincts. compass causing guilt or shame. id's desires with reality.
NOTE
Freud believed that the unconscious mind is the most powerful and influential part of the psyche.
The unconscious mind is where repressed memories, traumatic experiences, and forbidden desires
reside.
Freud proposed that unconscious conflicts can manifest in various ways, such as slips of the tongue
(Freudian slips) and dreams.
Understanding the structure of the mind is essential in psychoanalysis for uncovering hidden
motivations and resolving psychological issues.
Defense mechanisms Early childhood
The mind uses defense mechanisms, Psychoanalysis places a significant
like repression, to protect itself from emphasis on early childhood
uncomfortable thoughts and feelings. experiences in shaping personality
and mental health.
, Dreams and slips Controversial Influence
Dreams and The effectiveness of Psychoanalytic concepts
unintentional acts are psychoanalysis as a are used in various
seen as windows into treatment is debated. fields beyond therapy.
the unconscious mind.
Therapeutic technique
Psychoanalysis is a therapeutic technique that helps patients understand their unconscious
conflicts and improve their mental health.
TOPOGRAPHIC THEORY SEDUCTION THEORY OEDIPAL COMPLEX
Freud's topographic theory In 1896, Freud proposed the Freud's work also introduced
suggested that unacceptable seduction theory, suggesting the concept of the Oedipal
sexual wishes were repressed into that patients' symptoms were complex, suggesting that
the unconscious due to societal rooted in repressed memories of young boys are sexually
norms, leading to anxiety. sexual abuse in infancy, a theory attracted to their mothers and
he later abandoned. envious of their fathers.
Psychosexual Phases
Freud's "Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality" (1905) introduced the concept of
psychosexual development, dividing childhood into five stages based on sexual affinity.
Focuses on the pleasure derived from the mouth.
Oral Stage Act of sucking
ORAL SADISTIC PERIOD- Respond to Biting, Cooing, Closing their Mouth, smiling
Focuses on the pleasure derived from ANAL TRIAD (OSO)
controlling bowel movements.
Typifies the adult anal character.
child manifests aggressive and
1. Obstinacy
destructive tendencies- SADISTIC
Anal Stage DRIVE IS STRONGER- Likely to grow generous
2. Stinginess
3. Orderliness
ANAL CHARACTER
People who continue to receive Erotic satisfaction by keeping and possessing objects in
excessively neat and orderly fashion.
Focuses on the genitals as a source of pleasure.
Children Repress their conscious desire.
Phallic
The Oedipus complex (boys) Sexual desire for his mother- Rivalry toward his
Stage father and Electra complex (girls) Desire sexual intercourse with his father-
Penis Envy (Powerful Force in girls Personality) develop during this stage.
Latency A period of relative calm where sexual urges are repressed.
Stage Children focus on developing social skills and their superego.
Genital Focuses on mature sexual relationships.
Stage Psychological Maturity- Stage attained in developmental periods.
Sigmund Freud, the father of psychoanalysis, revolutionized our understanding of the mind.
Levels of Mental Life
Unconscious Preconscious Conscious
Houses information that is Contains thoughts,
Stores memories,
not in current awareness but perceptions, and
emotions, and desires that
can be brought into memories that we are
are not readily accessible
consciousness with ease. currently aware of.
to conscious awareness.
Acts as a middle ground Processes information
Influences behavior,
between the conscious and actively and can be
emotions, and perceptions
unconscious minds. accessed easily.
without our awareness.
Includes memories, Responsible for
Contains repressed or
thoughts, and feelings that immediate decision-
forgotten memories and
can be retrieved with some making and problem-
instincts.
effort. solving.
Province of the Mind
Id: Primitive, pleasure-seeking Superego: Internalized moral Ego: The mediator, balancing
part driven by basic instincts. compass causing guilt or shame. id's desires with reality.
NOTE
Freud believed that the unconscious mind is the most powerful and influential part of the psyche.
The unconscious mind is where repressed memories, traumatic experiences, and forbidden desires
reside.
Freud proposed that unconscious conflicts can manifest in various ways, such as slips of the tongue
(Freudian slips) and dreams.
Understanding the structure of the mind is essential in psychoanalysis for uncovering hidden
motivations and resolving psychological issues.
Defense mechanisms Early childhood
The mind uses defense mechanisms, Psychoanalysis places a significant
like repression, to protect itself from emphasis on early childhood
uncomfortable thoughts and feelings. experiences in shaping personality
and mental health.
, Dreams and slips Controversial Influence
Dreams and The effectiveness of Psychoanalytic concepts
unintentional acts are psychoanalysis as a are used in various
seen as windows into treatment is debated. fields beyond therapy.
the unconscious mind.
Therapeutic technique
Psychoanalysis is a therapeutic technique that helps patients understand their unconscious
conflicts and improve their mental health.
TOPOGRAPHIC THEORY SEDUCTION THEORY OEDIPAL COMPLEX
Freud's topographic theory In 1896, Freud proposed the Freud's work also introduced
suggested that unacceptable seduction theory, suggesting the concept of the Oedipal
sexual wishes were repressed into that patients' symptoms were complex, suggesting that
the unconscious due to societal rooted in repressed memories of young boys are sexually
norms, leading to anxiety. sexual abuse in infancy, a theory attracted to their mothers and
he later abandoned. envious of their fathers.
Psychosexual Phases
Freud's "Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality" (1905) introduced the concept of
psychosexual development, dividing childhood into five stages based on sexual affinity.
Focuses on the pleasure derived from the mouth.
Oral Stage Act of sucking
ORAL SADISTIC PERIOD- Respond to Biting, Cooing, Closing their Mouth, smiling
Focuses on the pleasure derived from ANAL TRIAD (OSO)
controlling bowel movements.
Typifies the adult anal character.
child manifests aggressive and
1. Obstinacy
destructive tendencies- SADISTIC
Anal Stage DRIVE IS STRONGER- Likely to grow generous
2. Stinginess
3. Orderliness
ANAL CHARACTER
People who continue to receive Erotic satisfaction by keeping and possessing objects in
excessively neat and orderly fashion.
Focuses on the genitals as a source of pleasure.
Children Repress their conscious desire.
Phallic
The Oedipus complex (boys) Sexual desire for his mother- Rivalry toward his
Stage father and Electra complex (girls) Desire sexual intercourse with his father-
Penis Envy (Powerful Force in girls Personality) develop during this stage.
Latency A period of relative calm where sexual urges are repressed.
Stage Children focus on developing social skills and their superego.
Genital Focuses on mature sexual relationships.
Stage Psychological Maturity- Stage attained in developmental periods.
