WGU C175 Data Management Foundations, Final Exam Questions and Answers Updated 2024/2025 (Graded A+)

ad hoc query A "spur-of-the-moment" question analytical database A database focused primarily on storing historical data and business metrics used for tactical or strategic decision making availability In the context of data security, it refers to the accessibility of data whenever required by authorized users and for authorized purposes centralized database A database located at a single site cloud database A database that is created and maintained using cloud services, such as Microsoft Azure or Amazon AWS data Raw facts, or facts that have not yet been processed to reveal their meaning to the end user data anomaly An abnormality of the data in which inconsistent changes have been made to a database (For example, an employee moves, but the address changes is not corrected in all files in the database) data dependence A data condition in which data representation and manipulation are dependent on the physical data storage characteristics WGU C175 Data Management Foundations Questions and Answers 2024/2025 (Already Passed Graded A+) data dictionary A DBMS component that stores metadata. Contains the data definition, as well as their characteristics and relationships data inconsistency A condition in which different versions of the same data yield different results data independence A condition in which data access is unaffected by changes in the physical data storage characteristics data integrity In a relational database, a condition in which the data in the database complies with all entity and referential integrity constraints data management A process that focuses on data collection, storage, and retrieval. data processing (DP) specialist The person responsible for developing and managing a computerized file processing system data redundancy Exists when the same data is stored unnecessarily at different places database A shared, integrated computer structure that houses a collection of related data including end-user data (raw facts) and metadata (data about the data) database design The process that yields the description of the database structure and determines the database components. The second phase of the database life cycle database management system (DBMS) The collection of programs that manages the database structure and controls access to the data stored in the database database system An organization of components that defines and regulates the collection, storage, management, and use of data in a database environment desktop database A single-user database that runs on a personal computer discipline-specific database A database that contains data focused on specific subject areas enterprise database The overall company data representation, which provides support for present and expected future needs field An alphabetic or numeric character or group of characters that defines a characteristic of a person, place, or thing. (for example, a person's SSN, address, phone number, and bank balance all constitute fields) file A named collection of related records general-purpose database A database that contains a wide variety of data used in multiple disciplines hub A warehouse of data packets housed in a central location on a local area network. It contains multiple ports that copy the data in the data packets to make it accessible to selected or all segments of the network information The result of processing raw data to reveal its meaning. It consists of transformed data and facilitates decision making islands of information In the old file system environment, pools of independent, often duplicated, and inconsistent data created and managed by different departments knowledge The body of information and facts about a specific subject. It implies familiarity, awareness, and understanding of information as it applies to an environment logical data format The way a person views data within the context of a problem domain metadata Data about data multiuser database A database that supports multiple concurrent users NoSQL A new generation of database management systems that is not based on the traditional relational database model. It stores structured and unstructured data in efficient ways. online analytical processing (OLAP) Decision support system (DSS) tools that use multidimensional data analysis techniques. It creates an advanced data analysis environment that supports decision making, business modeling, and operations research operational database A database designed primarily to support a company's day-to-day operations. (Also known as a transactional database, OLTP database, or production database) performance tuning Activities that make a database perform more efficiently in terms of storage and access speed physical data format The way a computer "sees" (stores) data query A question or task asked by an end user of a database in the form of SQL code. A specific request for data manipulation issued by the end user or the application to the DBMS query language A nonprocedural language that is used by a DBMS to manipulate its data (such as SQL) query result set The collection of data rows returned by a query record A collection of related (logically connected) fields role In Oracle, a named collection of database access privileges that authorize a user to connect to a database and use its system resources router 1) An intelligent devise used to connect dissimilar networks 2) Hardware/software equipment that connects multiple and diverse networks semistructured data Data that has already been processed to some extent single-user database A database that supports only one user at a time social media Web and mobile technologies that enable "anywhere, anytime, always on" human interactions structural dependence A data characteristic in which a change in the database schema affects data access, thus requiring changes in all access programs structural independence A data characteristic in which changes in the database schema do not affect data access structured data Data that has been formatted to facilitate storage, use, and information generation structured query language (SQL) A powerful and flexible relational database language composed of commands that enable users to create database and table structures, perform various types of data manipulation and data administration, and query the database to extract useful information unstructured data Data that exists in its original, raw state; that is, in the format in which it was collected website Refers to the web server and the collection of web pages stored on the local hard disk of the server computer workgroup database A multiuser database that usually supports fewer than 50 users or is used for a specific department in an organization world wide web (WWW or the web) Worldwide network collection of specially formatted and interconnected documents known as web pages XML database A database system that stores and manages semistructured XML data file structure The format that data is arranged and stored flat files Files having no internal hierarchy