NUR112 - Exam 3 Questions and Answers Combined

Principles of proper body mechanics - ***Guidelines for safe and efficient use of the body in movement to prevent injury Isometric exercises - ***Muscle-strengthening exercises with no change in muscle length, e.g., plank, wall sit Isokinetic exercises - ***Exercises with a constant speed of contraction and resistance, e.g., using specialized equipment like Cybex machine Anaerobic - ***Metabolic process without oxygen; Anaerobic exercise is intense physical activity of short duration Active range of motion - ***Movement of a joint by the individual without assistance Passive range of motion - ***Movement of a joint with the assistance of another person or equipment Plantar flexion - ***The movement of pointing the toes away from the body Dangling - ***Sitting on the edge of the bed with legs down; used to prevent orthostatic hypotension Nursing interventions for physical activity barriers - ***Strategies to assist patients in overcoming obstacles to physical activity, e.g., education, motivation, environmental modifications Aerobic exercise definition - ***Occurs when the body's oxygen intake meets the demands for the activity Risk for disuse syndrome - ***Nursing diagnosis for patients with unavoidable inactivity at risk of deterioration in other body systems Logrolling - ***Special turning technique to keep the patient's spine in alignment accuracy - ***What is VERY important in pediatric dosages? 3 times - ***The rate of medication errors for pediatric population is how much higher? safe - ***Before administering med in pediatric clients, you MUST know if the ordered dose is what? -adsorption of med: may not be absorbed as quickly -distribution of med: may not be distributed as quickly - ***What two pharmacokinetic phases do pediatric populations differ? -decreased ability to metabolize (liver) -decreased ability to excrete (kidney) -Effect: if we give med too often, med can build up in body and become toxic due to decreased excretion & metabolism - ***What two body systems are immature in pediatric clients and what effect does that have on meds? -weight -height -BSA: body surface area -age -organ development -diagnosis - ***What are considerations for pediatric populations? -right patient -right time -right med -right dose -right route -right reason -right documentation - ***What are the 7 rights of medication administration? physician - ***Who is responsible for ordering the medication and dosage? nurse - ***Who is responsible for verifying the dosage to be sure it is correct, safe, and effective? -too much of a med is being given -unsafe and can be toxic to patient - ***What does it mean if a dose is higher than normal? -too little of med is being given -non-therapeutic; does not have desired effect on patient due to there not being enough of med - ***What does it mean if a dose is lower than normal? -phenobarbital -morphine -aspirin - ***What drugs are more toxic to children than adults? -atropine -codeine -digoxin -phenylephrine - ***What drugs do children tolerate as well as adults? -tetracycline: discolors and/or mottle teeth -corticosteroids: suppress growth -fluoroquinolone antibiotics: may damage cartilage leading to deformities in gait - ***What drugs are contraindicated during growth years and why?