WGU C107 Physiology: Final Exam Questions and Answers Latest Update 2024/2025 | Graded

What is blood - Answera connective tissue made of a liquid portion and formed elements What are 5 characteristics of blood and explain what each is - AnswerColor: - whole blood is bright red if its arterial (oxygenated) and dark red if its venous because there is less oxygen viscosity: - resistance to flow - blood is thick and sticky - 3-4 times that of water due to cells and proteins in plasma specific gravity: 1.060 ( 1ml blood weighs 1.060g) pH: 7.4 - venous blood is more acidic (7.36) than arterial because of higher CO2 - a slight decrease or increase in pH reflects a large increase or decrease in hydrogen concentration volume: 8% of body weight What is PCV and what does it tell you? - AnswerPCV is packed cell volume and it tells you how many RBC are present WGU C107 Physiology: Blood plasma & Formed Elements Exam Questions and Answers Latest Update 2024/2025 | Graded How do you calculate blood volume (BV)? (hint: equation) Ex: what will be the blood volume of a dog that weighs 12.5 Kg, plasma volume = 600ml and PCV=40% - AnswerBV = (PV)/(1- PCV)(kg) **PV=plasma volume Ex: BV= 600/(1-0.4)(12.5) BV= 80ml/kg What are the major transport functions of blood (5)? - Answer- transports hormones from endocrine glands to target tissues - transports oxygen from lungs to tissues - transports CO2 from tissues to lungs - returns wastes and unwanted substances to kidneys to be excreted - transports nutrients from intestines to all parts of body How does blood help with homeostasis? - Answer- temperature regulation: transports heat from body core to limbs and skin - water and salt balance & osmotic pressure - maintains acid-base by means of buffers Another function of blood is immunity & protection, explain why blood is important with respect to these two things? - Answer- blood transports WBC to injury sites, which helps with healing by invading microorganisms and their toxins - blood transports antibodies to target areas What constitutes the blood? - Answerformed elements and plasma What are formed elements of blood? - AnswerRBC, WBC, and platelets suspended in fluid intercellular matrix (plasma) What is plasma made up of? - Answerdissolved gases(O2, N2, CO2) proteins (albumin, globulins, fibrinogen) organic & inorganic constituents What percent of body weight is circulating blood volume - Answer8% What does the buffy coat consist of? - AnswerWBC and platelets What is serum? - Answerplasma without coagulating proteins What does hematocrit tell us? - Answerwhat percent of blood is cells and what percent is plasma What percent of blood is cells? What percent is plasma? - AnswerCells = 40% Plasma = 60% What is normal PCV of animals? - Answer40 What is anemia - Answerreduced amount of RBC What is polycythemia - Answerincreased RBC Is hematocrit higher in males or females, and why? - Answerhigher in males males are larger in size, therefore have higher metabolic demands What is a CBC, and what does it include? - AnswerCBC = complete blood count includes doing PCV, WBC count, RBC count, & differential WBC count What are the WBC differentiations? - Answer-eosinophils -basophils -neutrophils -lymphocytes -monocytes How do you obtain a plasma sample? - Answermust add blood to tube containing an anticoagulant what are examples of anticoagulants - Answerheparin, sodium citrate, EDTA