MED SURG VATI 2019 EXAM WITH 90+
QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
GRADED A+ WITH RATIONALES/MED SURG
VATI PROCTORED LATEST EXAM
A nurse is caring for a client who has atopic dermatitis and a prescription for
triamcinolone ointment. The nurse should assess the client to monitor for which of
the following adverse effects? - ANSWER-Thinning of the skin.
Only apply the ointment to dry patches of the skin to avoid atrophy.
A nurse is assessing a client who has left-sided heart failure. Which of the
following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of left-sided heart
failure? - ANSWER-Frothy sputum
Pink-tinged frothy sputum can be an early indication of pulmonary edema and can
be life-threatening. Therefore, the nurse should notify the provider immediately.
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing anxiety as well as numbness and
tingling of the lips and fingers.
The client's ABGs are: pH 7.48, PCO2 30 mm Hg, HCO3- 24 mEq/L, PaO2 85
mm Hg. Which of the following acid-base imbalances should the nurse identify
that the client is experiencing? - ANSWER-Respiratory alkalosis
- The pH is alkaline (increased)
- PCO2 is decreased representing alveolar hyperventilation & resultant respiratory
alkalosis
,A nurse is assessing a client who has Cushing's syndrome. Which of the following
findings should the nurse expect? - ANSWER-Osteoporosis
Bone become thinner as a result of mineral loss & nitrogen depletion.
A nurse is inspecting the skin of a client who has basal cell carcinoma. The nurse
should identify which of the following lesion characteristics on the client's skin? -
ANSWER-A pearly, waxy nodule.
- Basal cell carcinoma has a nodular lesion with well defined borders & pearly or
waxy appearance resulting from overexposure to the sun. especially on the face,
head, and neck.
-A client who has melanoma has a lesion with irregular borders and variegated
colors of red, white, and blue, most often on the upper back or lower legs.
-A client who has squamous cell carcinoma has a firm, nodular, and crusty lesion
with a ulcerated center, resulting from sun exposure, chronic irritation, burns, or
irradiation to the skin.
A nurse in an emergency department is assessing a client who is overusing
prescribed diuretics and has a sodium level of 127 mEq/L. Which of the following
laboratory findings should the nurse expect? - ANSWER-LOW URINE SPECFIC
GRAVITY.
-A client who has hyponatremia as a result of diuretic overuse has a low urine
specific gravity. The increased excretion of water alters the ratio of particulate
matter, which affects the specific gravity.
A home health nurse is assisting a client with planning care for a family member
who has Alzheimer's disease. Which of the following instructions should the nurse
include? - ANSWER-Remove clutter from rooms and hallways
, - This allows the client is able to walk without the risk of falling or tripping over
objects. Later in the disease, the client can experience seizures, so cluttered areas
could be a risk to the client
A nurse is caring for a client who has developed acute respiratory distress
syndrome (ARDS). Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a
manifestation of this syndrome? - ANSWER-REFRACTORY HYPOXEMIA
- A client who has ARDS has refractory hypoxemia, which is hypoxemia that does
not improve with oxygen therapy. Extensive pulmonary edema evident on a chest
x-ray is a manifestation of ARDS.
An emergency room nurse is assessing a client who has asthma and difficulty
breathing. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the
client is experiencing status asthmaticus? - ANSWER-USE OF ASSCESSORY
MUSCLES.
- A client who has status asthmaticus uses accessory muscles to help facilitate
breathing, which is a manifestation of a severe airflow obstruction. The situation is
life-threatening and the nurse should intervene immediately with strong systemic
bronchodilators, epinephrine, corticosteroids, and oxygen.
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for PHENYTOIN to treat a
seizure disorder. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct
the client to report IMMEDIATELY to the provider? - ANSWER-SKIN RASH.
- the nurse should determine that the priority finding is a rash, which can have a
measles-like appearance and progress to exfoliative dermatitis or Stevens-Johnson
syndrome. The client should report this finding to the provider immediately.
QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
GRADED A+ WITH RATIONALES/MED SURG
VATI PROCTORED LATEST EXAM
A nurse is caring for a client who has atopic dermatitis and a prescription for
triamcinolone ointment. The nurse should assess the client to monitor for which of
the following adverse effects? - ANSWER-Thinning of the skin.
Only apply the ointment to dry patches of the skin to avoid atrophy.
A nurse is assessing a client who has left-sided heart failure. Which of the
following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of left-sided heart
failure? - ANSWER-Frothy sputum
Pink-tinged frothy sputum can be an early indication of pulmonary edema and can
be life-threatening. Therefore, the nurse should notify the provider immediately.
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing anxiety as well as numbness and
tingling of the lips and fingers.
The client's ABGs are: pH 7.48, PCO2 30 mm Hg, HCO3- 24 mEq/L, PaO2 85
mm Hg. Which of the following acid-base imbalances should the nurse identify
that the client is experiencing? - ANSWER-Respiratory alkalosis
- The pH is alkaline (increased)
- PCO2 is decreased representing alveolar hyperventilation & resultant respiratory
alkalosis
,A nurse is assessing a client who has Cushing's syndrome. Which of the following
findings should the nurse expect? - ANSWER-Osteoporosis
Bone become thinner as a result of mineral loss & nitrogen depletion.
A nurse is inspecting the skin of a client who has basal cell carcinoma. The nurse
should identify which of the following lesion characteristics on the client's skin? -
ANSWER-A pearly, waxy nodule.
- Basal cell carcinoma has a nodular lesion with well defined borders & pearly or
waxy appearance resulting from overexposure to the sun. especially on the face,
head, and neck.
-A client who has melanoma has a lesion with irregular borders and variegated
colors of red, white, and blue, most often on the upper back or lower legs.
-A client who has squamous cell carcinoma has a firm, nodular, and crusty lesion
with a ulcerated center, resulting from sun exposure, chronic irritation, burns, or
irradiation to the skin.
A nurse in an emergency department is assessing a client who is overusing
prescribed diuretics and has a sodium level of 127 mEq/L. Which of the following
laboratory findings should the nurse expect? - ANSWER-LOW URINE SPECFIC
GRAVITY.
-A client who has hyponatremia as a result of diuretic overuse has a low urine
specific gravity. The increased excretion of water alters the ratio of particulate
matter, which affects the specific gravity.
A home health nurse is assisting a client with planning care for a family member
who has Alzheimer's disease. Which of the following instructions should the nurse
include? - ANSWER-Remove clutter from rooms and hallways
, - This allows the client is able to walk without the risk of falling or tripping over
objects. Later in the disease, the client can experience seizures, so cluttered areas
could be a risk to the client
A nurse is caring for a client who has developed acute respiratory distress
syndrome (ARDS). Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a
manifestation of this syndrome? - ANSWER-REFRACTORY HYPOXEMIA
- A client who has ARDS has refractory hypoxemia, which is hypoxemia that does
not improve with oxygen therapy. Extensive pulmonary edema evident on a chest
x-ray is a manifestation of ARDS.
An emergency room nurse is assessing a client who has asthma and difficulty
breathing. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the
client is experiencing status asthmaticus? - ANSWER-USE OF ASSCESSORY
MUSCLES.
- A client who has status asthmaticus uses accessory muscles to help facilitate
breathing, which is a manifestation of a severe airflow obstruction. The situation is
life-threatening and the nurse should intervene immediately with strong systemic
bronchodilators, epinephrine, corticosteroids, and oxygen.
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for PHENYTOIN to treat a
seizure disorder. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct
the client to report IMMEDIATELY to the provider? - ANSWER-SKIN RASH.
- the nurse should determine that the priority finding is a rash, which can have a
measles-like appearance and progress to exfoliative dermatitis or Stevens-Johnson
syndrome. The client should report this finding to the provider immediately.
