CORRECT
Which of the following is not a characteristic of a fragmented
industry?
A) Low barriers to entry
B) Diseconomies of scale
C) Constant entry of new competitors
D) Very specialized customer needs
E) High barriers to exit
e
A horizontal merger is a
A) consolidation of small firms from disparate industries.
B) consolidation of suppliers in an effort to ensure availability of
vital components.
C) merger of firms within the same industry.
D) conglomerate acquisition.
E) violation of antitrust regulations
c
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As the supermarket industry began to grow with the opening hundreds
of new stores, supermarkets were able to
A) capture economies of scale not previously available.
B) monopolize new markets.
C) increase costs and reduce profitability.
D) buy from vendors in smaller quantities.
E) all of the above.
a
Most embryonic industries arise from
A) a technological breakthrough.
B) serendipity.
C) patents.
D) government research.
E) university research and development programs.
a
Consumer demand for products of an embryonic industry is
A) high and ready to explode.
B) frequently limited at first.
C) nonexistent because consumers lack product information.
, D) tentative for the first two years.
E) insatiable.
b
At the growth stage of an emerging market,
A) ongoing technological progress makes a product easier to use.
B) key complementary products are developed.
C) companies in the industry find ways to reduce costs.
D) demand for the product increases.
E) all of the above.
e
The first group of customers to enter the market for a new product
are called
A) early adopters.
B) first users.
C) innovators.
D) adventurers.
E) initial customers.
c
The growth stage of a product's life cycle is the
A) time when companies attempt to secure their grip over customers in
existing market segments.
B) best time to explore horizontal merger opportunities.
C) time to plan an exit strategy.
D) opportunity to reduce investment in a product.
E) opportune moment to reduce advertising expenditures.
a
Firms in fragmented industries most often follow which generic
strategy?
A) Differentiation
B) Cost leadership
C) Focused low cost
D) Stuck in the middle
E) Focused differentiation
e
Factors leading to the slow growth of demand in embryonic industries
include all of the following except the
A) poor quality of the first products.
B) lack of complementary products.
C) lack of venture capital for innovative products.
D) high production costs of the products.
E) lack of distribution channels for the products.
c
Customers who have a practical interest in using a new technology in
the future and who are willing to experiment and envision new uses