PALS Exam 2024 Questions With Answers | 100% Correct Answers Latest Updated 2024/2025 (GRADED)

BLS Assessment {{Correct Ans- Verify scene safety Check for responsiveness Shout for help Active the emergency response system Question: Where are pulses checked on a child? {{Correct Ans- Carotid or femoral Question: Where are pulses checked on an infant? {{Correct Ans- Brachial Question: An infant has normal breathing and a pulse, what is the next step? {{Correct Ans- Monitor until emergency responders arrive Question: An infant or child does not have normal breathing but has a pulse, what is the next step? {{Correct Ans- Give 1 breath every 2-3 seconds (about 20-30 breaths/minute) Question: HR is 60 and signs of poor perfusion, what do you do? {{Correct Ans- Start CPR Question: HR is 60 what do you do? {{Correct Ans- Continue rescue breathing Check pulse every 2 minutes PALS Exam 2024 Questions With Answers | 100% Correct Answers Latest 2024/2025 If no pulse, start CPR Question: You are alone and witness the sudden collapse of an infant or child, what do you do? {{Correct Ans- Activate the emergency response system Retrieve an AED/defibrillator Question: You are alone and did not witness the sudden collapse of an infant or child, what do you do? {{Correct Ans- Start high-quality CPR for 2 minutes Question: Infant and child compression rate and compression-to-ventilation ratio for single rescuer {{Correct Ans- 100-120 30:2 Question: Infant and child compression rate and compression-to-ventilation ratio for 2 rescuers {{Correct Ans- 100-120 15:2 Question: Compression technique for most children {{Correct Ans- heel of one hand with heel of other hand on top of 1st hand 1/3 of chest or 2 inches Question: Compression technique for infants {{Correct Ans- 2 fingers or thumbs to center of sternum just below the nipple line 1/3 of chest or 1 1/2 inches Question: AED use on children less 8 yrs old {{Correct Ans- Turn on AED Apply pads per instructions Analyze heart rhythm Deliver shock if indicated Question: The AED indicates no shock advised, what do you do? {{Correct Ans- Immediately start CPR beginning with chest compressions Question: Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT) {{Correct Ans- Appearance Work of Breathing Circulation Question: PAT - appearance {{Correct Ans- LOC Tone Interactiveness Consolability Look/gaze Speech/cry Question: PAT - work of breathing {{Correct Ans- Tripod Sniffing position Retractions Adventitious breath sounds (stridor or sonorous respirations) Question: PAT - Circulation {{Correct Ans- Pale Mottled Cyanotic Question: When is the pediatric assessment triangle performed to make an initial assessment? {{Correct Ans- During the "from the doorway" observation Question: Evaluate-Identify-Intervene Cycle is used {{Correct Ans- when caring for a seriously ill or injured child to help determine the best treaetment or intervention. It is repeated after interventions) Question: EII - Evaluate {{Correct Ans- Primary assessment Secondary assessment Diagnostic assessments Question: Primary assessment {{Correct Ans- Rapid Hands-on ABCDE to evaluate respiratory, cardiac, and neuro function. (Includes V/S and SpO2) Question: Secondary assessment {{Correct Ans- Focused medical history and focused physical exam Question: Diagnostic assessments {{Correct Ans- Lab X-ray Other tests Question: ABCDE approach {{Correct Ans- Airway Breathing Circulation Disability Exposure Question: Decreased or asymmetrical chest expansion may result from {{Correct Ans- inadequate effort airway obstruction atelectasis pneumothorax hemothorax pleural effusion mucous plug foreign body aspiration Question: Stridor is a sign of {{Correct Ans- upper airway obstruction Question: Snoring can be a sign of {{Correct Ans- airway obstruction (soft tissue swelling or decreased LOC may cause airway obstruction and snoring) Question: Grunting is heard during _____ and occurs as the child exhales against _____ {{Correct Ans- Expiration A partially closed glottis Question: Gurgling is heard during _____ and results from _____ {{Correct Ans- Expiration Upper airway obstruction due to secretions, vomit or blood Question: Wheezing is most often heard during _____ and typically indicates _____ {{Correct Ans- Expiration (less frequently during inspiration) Lower airway obstruction Question: If an infants cry becomes very soft with only short sounds during expiration (more like the "mewing" of a cat) or an older child begins to talk in short phrases or single words instead of sentences, this may indicate {{Correct Ans- Severe respiratory distress and SOB Question: Crackles happen during {{Correct Ans- inspiration Question: Increased respiratory effort results from conditions that {{Correct Ans- Increase resistance to airflow (e.g asthma or bronchiolitis) cause the lungs to be stiffer and difficult to inflate (eg. PNE, pulmonary edema, or pleural effusion) Question: Nasal flaring is commonly observed in _____ and is usually a sign of _____ {{Correct AnsInfants and younger children Respiratory distress Question: Retractions signify {{Correct Ans- the child is trying to move air into the lungs using chest muscles but movement is impaired by increased resistance or stiff lungs Question: Head Bobbing is caused by {{Correct Ans- Using neck muscles to assist breathing (the child lifts the chin and extends the next during inspiration and allows the chin to fall forward during expiration) Question: Head bobbing is most frequently seen in _____ and can be a sign of _____ {{Correct AnsInfants Respiratory failure Question: Seesaw respirations are present when {{Correct Ans- The chest retracts and the abdomen expands during inspiration and then the chest expands and the abdomen moves in word during expiration Question: Children with neurologic problems may have {{Correct Ans- Irregular respiratory patterns Question: Irregular patterns that are serious and require urgent evaluation are {{Correct Ans- A deep gasping breath followed by a period of apnea A rapid respiratory rate, followed by periods of apnea or very shallow breaths Question: The first sign of respiratory distress in infants is {{Correct Ans- A fast respiratory rate Question: A slower than normal respiratory rate may be caused by {{Correct Ans- Respiratory muscle fatigue CNS injury or problem that affects the respiratory control center Severe hypoxia Severe shock Hypo thermia Drugs that depress respiratory drive Some muscle diseases that cause muscle weakness Question: Apnea {{Correct Ans- Breathing stops, typically defined as longer than 20 seconds Question: Normal SBP for children 1 to 10 years of age {{Correct Ans- 90 mm Hg + (2 x age in years) Question: Hypotension for children 1 to 10 years of age {{Correct Ans- 70 mm Hg + (2 x age in years) Question: Automated BP may give inaccurately high readings when {{Correct Ans- the child is in shock Question: An arterial catheter is often inserted to monitor a child's intra-arterial pressure when {{Correct Ans- a child is in shock Question: Common causes of sluggish, delayed, or prolonged capillary refill (2 secs) are {{Correct Ans - Dehydration Shock Hypothermia Question: Central pulses include {{Correct Ans- femoral brachial carotid axillary Question: Peripheral pulses include {{Correct Ans- radial DP PT Question: Week central pulses are worrisome and indicate the need for {{Correct Ans- Rapid intervention to prevent cardiac arrest Question: Assess skin temperature {{Correct Ans- Slide back of your hand up extremity to determine a line where the skin changes from quarter warm Monitor this line of demarcation overtime to determine the child's response to therapy (the line should move distally as the child improves) Question: Skin findings that may indicate inadequate 02 delivery to the tissues are {{Correct Ans- Pallor Mottling Cyanosis Question: Unequal pupils message just {{Correct Ans- Increased ICP Eye injury Question: Consensual constriction {{Correct Ans- both pupils will start to constrict if one has some light put on it Question: Slow construction or no construction may indicate {{Correct Ans- Increased ICP Question: If one or both pupils are dilated, particularly if they don't react to light, the child may have {{Correct Ans- a severe and life-threatening increase in ICP Question: Hypoglycemia in a newborn {{Correct Ans- blood glucose 45 mg/dl or less Question: Hypoglycemia in a child {{Correct Ans- blood glucose of 60 mg/dl or less Question: Hypoglycemia may result in _____ if not recognized and effectively treated {{Correct Ansaltered LOC brain injury Question: AVPU Response Scale {{Correct Ans- Assesses alertness and response to stimuli Question: AVPU asks {{Correct Ans- Is child alert? Is child responsive to voice? Only responsive to pain? Unresponsive? Question: A child does not respond to voice, what do you check next? {{Correct Ans- Response to painful stimulus such as a sternal rub Question: Even though infections are usually associated with fever, serious infections, especially in infants and immunocompromised children may cause {{Correct Ans- hypothermia Question: SAMPLE pneumonic {{Correct Ans- S/S Allergies Medications Past medical history Last meal Events leading up to condition Question: CPR Coach actions {{Correct Ans- Coordinate the start of CPR Coach to improve chest compression quality State the mid range targets Coach to mid range targets Help minimize length of pauses in compressions Question: Elements of Team Dynamics {{Correct Ans- Roles What to Communicate How to Communicate Question: Early signs of tissue hypoxia {{Correct Ans- Tachypnea Increased respiratory effort Tachycardia Pallor, mottling, or cyanosis Question: Late signs of tissue hypoxia {{Correct Ans- Bradypnea Increased respiratory effort Head bobbing Seesaw respirations Grunting Bradycardia Pallor, mottling, cyanosis Question: How is hypercarbia detected {{Correct Ans- Arterial, capillary or venous blood sample Exhaled CO2 detector Question: Signs of inadequate ventilation {{Correct Ans- Tachypnea or inadequate RR for age and clinical condition Nasal flaring, retractions Change in LOC: initial anxiety, agitation, and then decreased LOC Question: Signs of respiratory distress {{Correct Ans- Mild tachypnea