lOMoARcPSD|21646696
lOMoARcPSD|21646696
ATI MED SURG PROCTORED EXAM 2024 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH WELL DETAILED AND EXPLANED ANSWER KEY. BEST STUDY
MATERIAL TO HELP YOU PASS
1.A nurse is caring for a client who has HIV. Which of the following laboratory values is the nurse's priority?
A. Positive Western blot test
Rationale: The client is already identified as HIV positive. Therefore, another value is the priority.
B. CD4-T-cell count 180 cells/mm3
Rationale: A CD4-T-cell count of less than 180 cells/mm3 indicates that the client is severely
immune- compromised and is at high risk for infection. Therefore, this value is the
priority for thenurse to report to the provider.
C. Platelets 150,000/mm3
Rationale: The client's platelet count is within the expected reference range. Therefore, another
value is the priority.
D. WBC 5,000/mm3
Rationale: The client's WBC count is within the expected reference range. Therefore, another
value is the priority.
2.A nurse is assessing a client who is admitted for elective surgery and has a history of Addison's
disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
A. Hyperpigmentation
Rationale: Addison's disease is an endocrine disorder that occurs when the adrenal glands do
not produce enough of the hormone cortisol, and in some cases, the hormone
aldosterone. The disease is characterized by weight loss, muscle weakness, fatigue,
low blood pressure, and hyperpigmentation (darkening) of the skin in both exposed
and non-exposed parts of the body.
B. Intention tremors
Rationale: Intention tremors may be seen in multiple sclerosis, a neuromuscular disorder that
primarily affects the central nervous system.
C. Hirsutism
Rationale: Addison's disease results in loss of body hair, called vitiligo.
D. Purple striations
Rationale: Purple striations on the skin of the abdomen, thighs, and breasts are a common
manifestation in Cushing's syndrome. Hyperpigmentation can be seen as well.
, lOMoARcPSD|21646696
3.A nurse is caring for a client who is 1 day postoperative following a subtotal thyroidectomy. The
client reports a tingling sensation in the hands, the soles of the feet, and around the lips. For which
of the following findings should the nurse assess the client?
Created on:02/03/2023 Page 1
, lOMoARcPSD|21646696
A. Chvostek's sign
Rationale: The nurse should suspect that the client has hypocalcemia, a possible complication
following subtotal thyroidectomy. Manifestations of hypocalcemia include numbness
and tingling in the hands, the soles of the feet, and around the lips, typically
appearing between 24 and 48 hr after surgery. To elicit Chvostek's sign, the nurse
should tap the client's face at a point just below and in front of the ear. A positive
response would be twitching of the ipsilateral (same side only) facial muscles,
suggesting neuromuscular excitability due to hypocalcemia.
B. Babinski's sign
Rationale: Babinski's sign is a diagnostic test for brain damage or upper motor neuron
damage. It is positive if the toes flare up when the nurse strokes the plantar aspect
of the foot.
C. Brudzinski's sign
Rationale: Brudzinski's sign is an indication of meningeal irritation, such as in clients who have
meningitis. With the client supine, the nurse should place one hand behind his head
and places her other hand on his chest. The nurse then raises the client's head
with her hand behind his head, while the hand on his chest restrains him and
prevents him from rising. Flexion of the client's lower extremities constitutes a
positive sign.
D. Kernig's sign
Rationale: Kernig's sign is an indication of meningeal irritation, such as in clients who have
meningitis. The nurse performs the maneuver with the client supine with his hips
and knees in flexion. The inability to extend the client's knees fully without causing
pain constitutes a positive test.
4.A nurse is reviewing laboratory values for a client who has systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
Which of the following values should give the nurse the best indication of the client's renal
function?
A. Serum creatinine
Rationale: A renal function disorder reduces the excretion of creatinine, resulting in increased
levels of blood creatinine. Creatinine is a specific and sensitive indicator of renal
function.
B. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
Rationale: The BUN is used as a gross index of glomerular function and the production and
excretion of urea. High-protein diets, rapid-protein catabolism, and dehydration are
conditions that will cause an elevation in the BUN. This is not the best indication of
the client's renal function.
C. Serum sodium
Rationale: Serum sodium is affected by urinary output but may also be falsely affected by
hemodilution and hemoconcentration. This is not the best indication of the client's renal
function.
D. Urine-specific gravity
Rationale: Due to the body's compensatory mechanisms and ability to maintain glomerular
filtration rate (GFR) until 75% of renal function is lost, this is not the best indication
of the client's renal function.
, lOMoARcPSD|21646696
Created on:02/03/2023 Page 2
lOMoARcPSD|21646696
ATI MED SURG PROCTORED EXAM 2024 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH WELL DETAILED AND EXPLANED ANSWER KEY. BEST STUDY
MATERIAL TO HELP YOU PASS
1.A nurse is caring for a client who has HIV. Which of the following laboratory values is the nurse's priority?
A. Positive Western blot test
Rationale: The client is already identified as HIV positive. Therefore, another value is the priority.
B. CD4-T-cell count 180 cells/mm3
Rationale: A CD4-T-cell count of less than 180 cells/mm3 indicates that the client is severely
immune- compromised and is at high risk for infection. Therefore, this value is the
priority for thenurse to report to the provider.
C. Platelets 150,000/mm3
Rationale: The client's platelet count is within the expected reference range. Therefore, another
value is the priority.
D. WBC 5,000/mm3
Rationale: The client's WBC count is within the expected reference range. Therefore, another
value is the priority.
2.A nurse is assessing a client who is admitted for elective surgery and has a history of Addison's
disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
A. Hyperpigmentation
Rationale: Addison's disease is an endocrine disorder that occurs when the adrenal glands do
not produce enough of the hormone cortisol, and in some cases, the hormone
aldosterone. The disease is characterized by weight loss, muscle weakness, fatigue,
low blood pressure, and hyperpigmentation (darkening) of the skin in both exposed
and non-exposed parts of the body.
B. Intention tremors
Rationale: Intention tremors may be seen in multiple sclerosis, a neuromuscular disorder that
primarily affects the central nervous system.
C. Hirsutism
Rationale: Addison's disease results in loss of body hair, called vitiligo.
D. Purple striations
Rationale: Purple striations on the skin of the abdomen, thighs, and breasts are a common
manifestation in Cushing's syndrome. Hyperpigmentation can be seen as well.
, lOMoARcPSD|21646696
3.A nurse is caring for a client who is 1 day postoperative following a subtotal thyroidectomy. The
client reports a tingling sensation in the hands, the soles of the feet, and around the lips. For which
of the following findings should the nurse assess the client?
Created on:02/03/2023 Page 1
, lOMoARcPSD|21646696
A. Chvostek's sign
Rationale: The nurse should suspect that the client has hypocalcemia, a possible complication
following subtotal thyroidectomy. Manifestations of hypocalcemia include numbness
and tingling in the hands, the soles of the feet, and around the lips, typically
appearing between 24 and 48 hr after surgery. To elicit Chvostek's sign, the nurse
should tap the client's face at a point just below and in front of the ear. A positive
response would be twitching of the ipsilateral (same side only) facial muscles,
suggesting neuromuscular excitability due to hypocalcemia.
B. Babinski's sign
Rationale: Babinski's sign is a diagnostic test for brain damage or upper motor neuron
damage. It is positive if the toes flare up when the nurse strokes the plantar aspect
of the foot.
C. Brudzinski's sign
Rationale: Brudzinski's sign is an indication of meningeal irritation, such as in clients who have
meningitis. With the client supine, the nurse should place one hand behind his head
and places her other hand on his chest. The nurse then raises the client's head
with her hand behind his head, while the hand on his chest restrains him and
prevents him from rising. Flexion of the client's lower extremities constitutes a
positive sign.
D. Kernig's sign
Rationale: Kernig's sign is an indication of meningeal irritation, such as in clients who have
meningitis. The nurse performs the maneuver with the client supine with his hips
and knees in flexion. The inability to extend the client's knees fully without causing
pain constitutes a positive test.
4.A nurse is reviewing laboratory values for a client who has systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
Which of the following values should give the nurse the best indication of the client's renal
function?
A. Serum creatinine
Rationale: A renal function disorder reduces the excretion of creatinine, resulting in increased
levels of blood creatinine. Creatinine is a specific and sensitive indicator of renal
function.
B. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
Rationale: The BUN is used as a gross index of glomerular function and the production and
excretion of urea. High-protein diets, rapid-protein catabolism, and dehydration are
conditions that will cause an elevation in the BUN. This is not the best indication of
the client's renal function.
C. Serum sodium
Rationale: Serum sodium is affected by urinary output but may also be falsely affected by
hemodilution and hemoconcentration. This is not the best indication of the client's renal
function.
D. Urine-specific gravity
Rationale: Due to the body's compensatory mechanisms and ability to maintain glomerular
filtration rate (GFR) until 75% of renal function is lost, this is not the best indication
of the client's renal function.
, lOMoARcPSD|21646696
Created on:02/03/2023 Page 2
