Test Bank For Microbiology: An Introduction Plus Mastering Microbiology, 13th Edition By Gerard J. Tortola ISBN: 9780134605180, Chapter 1-28 | Complete Guide A+

Test Bank Microbiology: An Introduction, 13th Edition Gerard J. Tortora Table of Contents: Part I: Fundamentals of Microbiology Chapter 1. The Microbial World and You Chapter 2. Chemical Principles Chapter 3. Observing Microorganisms through a Microscope Chapter 4. Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells Chapter 5. Microbial Metabolism Chapter 6. Microbial Growth Chapter 7. The Control of Microbial Growth Chapter 8. Microbial Genetics Chapter 9. Biotechnology and DNA Technology Part II: A Survey of the Microbial World Chapter 10. Classification of Microorganisms Chapter 11. The Prokaryotes: Domains Bacteria and Archaea Chapter 12. The Eukaryotes: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, and Helminths Chapter 13. Viruses, Viroids, and Prions Part III: Interaction between Microbe and Host Chapter 14. Principles of Disease and Epidemiology Chapter 15. Microbial Mechanisms of Pathogenicity Chapter 16. Innate Immunity: Nonspecific Defenses of the Host Chapter 17. Adaptive Immunity: Specific Defenses of the Host Chapter 18. Practical Applications of Immunology Chapter 19. Disorders Associated with the Immune System Chapter 20. Antimicrobial Drugs Part IV: Microorganisms and Human Disease Chapter 21. Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Eyes Chapter 22. Microbial Diseases of the Nervous System Chapter 23. Microbial Diseases of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems Chapter 24. Microbial Diseases of the Respiratory System Chapter 25. Microbial Diseases of the Digestive System Chapter 26. Microbial Disease of the Urinary and Reproductive Systems Part V: Environmental and Applied Microbiology Chapter 27. Environmental Microbiology Chapter 28. Applied and Industrial Microbiology Chapter 1 The Microbial World and You Multiple-Choice Questions 1) Microorganisms are involved in each of the following processes EXCEPT A) infection. B) decomposition of organic material. C) O2 production. D) food production. E) smog production. 5 2) Each of the following organisms would be considered a microbe EXCEPT A) yeast. B) protozoan. C) bacterium. D) mushroom. E) virus. 3) The term used to describe a disease-causing microorganism is A) microbe. B) bacterium. C) virus. D) pathogen. E) infection. 4) Common commercial benefits of microorganisms include synthesis of A) riboflavin. B) acetone. C) insulin. D) aspirin. E) riboflavin, acetone and insulin. 5) What factors contribute to the rising incidence of antibiotic resistance? A) overuse of the specific drugs B) misuse of the specific drugs C) random mutations in bacterial genomes D) random mutations, overuse and misuse of specific drugs E) overuse and misuse of specific drugs 4.1 9 5 6) The formal system for classifying and naming organisms was developed by A) Robert Koch. B) Ignaz Semmelweis. C) Aristotle. D) Carolus Linnaeus. E) Louis Pasteur. 7) In the name Staphylococcus aureus, aureus is the A) genus. B) domain name. C) species. D) kingdom. E) family name. 8) A prokaryotic cell may possess each of the following cellular components EXCEPT A) flagella. B) a nucleus. C) ribosomes. D) a cell wall. E) a cell membrane. 9) Which of the following is NOT associated with viruses? A) organelles B) nucleic acid C) envelope D) chemical reactions E) protein coat 10) Figure The bacterial shape of the cells in the scanning electron micrograph shown in Figure would best be described as A) bacillus. B) spiral. C) coccus. D) ovoid. E) columnar. 11) Protozoan motility structures include A) cilia. B) flagella. C) pseudopods. D) cilia and pseudopods only. E) cilia, flagella, and pseudopods. 12) Viruses are not considered living organisms because they A) cannot reproduce by themselves. B) are structurally very simple. C) can only be visualized using an electron microscope. D) are typically associated with disease. E) are ubiquitous in nature. 13) Microbes that live stably in and on the human body are called the A) transient microbiota. B) human microbiome. C) pathogenic microorganisms. D) virulent microorganisms. E) opportunistic microbiota. 14) Which of the following is NOT a domain in the three-domain system? A) animalia B) archaea C) bacteria D) eukarya 15) A system of classification grouping organisms into 3 domains based on the cellular organization of organisms was devised by A) Carolus Linnaeus. B) Anton van Leewenhoek. C) Carl Woese. D) Louis Pasteur. E) Robert Koch. 16) Archaea differ from bacteria in that archaea A) have cell walls composed of substances other than peptidoglycan. B) lack nuclei. C) use organic compounds for food. D) reproduce by binary fission. E) are prokaryotic. 17) Who is credited with first observing cells? A) Robert Hooke B) Anton van Leeuwenhoek C) Robert Koch D) Louis Pasteur E) Carolus Linnaeus 18) Who is credited with first observing microorganisms? A) Robert Hooke B) Anton van Leeuwenhoek C) Robert Koch D) Louis Pasteur E) Carolus Linnaeus 19) Biogenesis refers to the A) spontaneous generation of organisms from nonliving matter. B) development of life forms from preexisting life forms. C) development of aseptic technique. D) germ theory of disease. 20) If you were setting up an experiment to disprove spontaneous generation in a liquid medium, which of the following would be essential to the experiment? A) supplying the liquid with nutrients B) starting with a liquid that contains microorganisms C) adding antibiotics to the liquid D) using a sterile liquid and eliminating exposure to microorganisms E) adding carbon dioxide to the liquid 21) The arguments supporting spontaneous generation were finally disproved by A) Louis Pasteur. B) Francesco Redi. C) Rudolf Virchow. D) John Needham. E) Lazzaro Spallanzani. 22) Regarding Louis Pasteur's experiments with the S-neck flask, which of the following statements is TRUE? A) Air exchange was involved. B) A food source was provided. C) The possibility of contamination was removed. D) All preexisting microorganisms were killed. E) Air exchange occurred, a food source was provided, preexisting microorganisms were killed and contamination was prevented 23) The microbial process of converting sugars to alcohol is known as A) fermentation. B) pasteurization. C) tyndallization. D) lyophilization. E) alcoholism. 3.1 24) Proof that a microbe could cause disease was provided by A) Pasteur. B) Lister. C) Koch. D) Wasserman. E) Semmelweis. 0 25) The use of phenol (carbolic acid) as a wound disinfectant was first practiced by A) Lister. B) Semmelweis. C) Pasteur. D) Holmes. E) Koch. 3.4 1.9 26) Mycology is the study of A) mycoplasma. B) mushrooms. C) protozoa. D) molds. E) molds, yeast, and mushrooms. 3 27) The first step for directly linking a microbe to a specific disease according to Koch's postulates is to A) culture the blood or other body fluid from a diseased animal using nutrient medium. B) inject a sample of blood or other body fluid from a diseased animal into a healthy animal. C) obtain a sample of blood or other body fluid from a diseased animal. D) compare the blood of a sick animal to blood obtained from a healthy animal. E) isolate microbes from the blood of healthy animals. 0 28) In which of the following situations would Koch's postulates be utilized? A) determination of the cause of a new emerging disease by scientists studying disease transmission B) development of a new antibiotic in a pharmaceutical lab C) determination of the cause of cancer in a patient D) formulation of a vaccine against a new pathogen in a genetic engineering lab E) whenever the scientific method is used to investigate a microbiological problem 0 5 29) Robert Koch identified the cause of A) smallpox. B) anthrax. C) diphtheria. D) AIDS. E) rabies. 0 5 30) Which physician is first associated with vaccination? A) Ehrlich B) Jenner C) Lister D) Koch E) Escherich 1 5 31) Which of the following findings was essential for Edward Jenner's vaccination process? A) Exposure to a milder disease form may produce immunity. B) A weakened microorganism will not cause disease. C) Someone who recovers from a disease will not acquire that disease again. D) Disease is caused by viruses. E) Pathogenic microorganisms infect all humans and animals in the same manner. 1 5 32) Penicillin was discovered by accident by A) Alexander Fleming. B) Paul Ehrlich. C) Edward Jenner. D) Robert Koch. E) Joseph Lister. 3.4 2 5 33) Who was the first scientist to pursue a