QNT 561
Applied Business
Research & Statistics
Final Exam Review
Q&A
2024
,1. In a study measuring the impact of sleep quality on medication
adherence among nurses, what statistical test would be most appropriate to
determine if there is a significant difference in adherence between nurses
with poor and good sleep quality?
- A) T-test
- B) ANOVA
- C) Chi-square test
- D) Pearson correlation
Answer: A) T-test
Rationale: A T-test is suitable for comparing the means of two
independent groups, in this case, nurses with poor vs. good sleep quality.
2. When evaluating the correlation between patient satisfaction scores and
nurse-patient ratios, which of the following would best describe a strong,
positive correlation?
- A) r = -0.85
- B) r = 0.15
- C) r = 0.85
- D) r = -0.15
Answer: C) r = 0.85
Rationale: The correlation coefficient (r) ranges from -1 to 1. A
coefficient close to 1 indicates a strong positive correlation.
3. In a regression analysis studying the factors affecting patient
readmission rates, which variable type would nurse staffing levels be
considered?
- A) Dependent variable
- B) Independent variable
- C) Confounding variable
- D) None of the above
Answer: B) Independent variable
Rationale: Nurse staffing levels are considered an independent variable
as they are being studied to see if they affect the dependent variable,
patient readmission rates.
4. A group of researchers is using a chi-square test to examine the
relationship between nursing shift length and the incidence of medical
, errors. What is the null hypothesis for this study?
- A) Shift length has no effect on the incidence of medical errors.
- B) Shift length decreases the incidence of medical errors.
- C) Shift length increases the incidence of medical errors.
- D) Medical errors are not related to shift length.
Answer: A) Shift length has no effect on the incidence of medical errors.
Rationale: The null hypothesis always states that there is no effect or no
relationship. In this case, it posits no effect of shift length on medical
errors.
5. A nurse researcher is conducting a study on the effect of educational
interventions on hand hygiene compliance. Which type of statistical
analysis would be most appropriate to compare compliance rates before
and after the intervention?
- A) Paired T-test
- B) Unpaired T-test
- C) ANOVA
- D) Linear regression
Answer: A) Paired T-test
Rationale: A paired T-test is used when comparing two related samples,
such as the same group of nurses' compliance rates before and after an
intervention.
6. In a logistic regression analysis, what does an odds ratio (OR) greater
than 1 indicate about the relationship between the exposure and the
outcome?
- A) The exposure is associated with lower odds of the outcome.
- B) The exposure is not associated with the odds of the outcome.
- C) The exposure is associated with higher odds of the outcome.
- D) The outcome is not dependent on the exposure.
Answer: C) The exposure is associated with higher odds of the outcome.
Rationale: An OR greater than 1 suggests that the exposure is associated
with higher odds of the outcome occurring.
7. A study aims to determine if there is a significant difference in the
average number of patients assigned per nurse across different hospital
units. Which statistical test should be used?
- A) Chi-square test
Applied Business
Research & Statistics
Final Exam Review
Q&A
2024
,1. In a study measuring the impact of sleep quality on medication
adherence among nurses, what statistical test would be most appropriate to
determine if there is a significant difference in adherence between nurses
with poor and good sleep quality?
- A) T-test
- B) ANOVA
- C) Chi-square test
- D) Pearson correlation
Answer: A) T-test
Rationale: A T-test is suitable for comparing the means of two
independent groups, in this case, nurses with poor vs. good sleep quality.
2. When evaluating the correlation between patient satisfaction scores and
nurse-patient ratios, which of the following would best describe a strong,
positive correlation?
- A) r = -0.85
- B) r = 0.15
- C) r = 0.85
- D) r = -0.15
Answer: C) r = 0.85
Rationale: The correlation coefficient (r) ranges from -1 to 1. A
coefficient close to 1 indicates a strong positive correlation.
3. In a regression analysis studying the factors affecting patient
readmission rates, which variable type would nurse staffing levels be
considered?
- A) Dependent variable
- B) Independent variable
- C) Confounding variable
- D) None of the above
Answer: B) Independent variable
Rationale: Nurse staffing levels are considered an independent variable
as they are being studied to see if they affect the dependent variable,
patient readmission rates.
4. A group of researchers is using a chi-square test to examine the
relationship between nursing shift length and the incidence of medical
, errors. What is the null hypothesis for this study?
- A) Shift length has no effect on the incidence of medical errors.
- B) Shift length decreases the incidence of medical errors.
- C) Shift length increases the incidence of medical errors.
- D) Medical errors are not related to shift length.
Answer: A) Shift length has no effect on the incidence of medical errors.
Rationale: The null hypothesis always states that there is no effect or no
relationship. In this case, it posits no effect of shift length on medical
errors.
5. A nurse researcher is conducting a study on the effect of educational
interventions on hand hygiene compliance. Which type of statistical
analysis would be most appropriate to compare compliance rates before
and after the intervention?
- A) Paired T-test
- B) Unpaired T-test
- C) ANOVA
- D) Linear regression
Answer: A) Paired T-test
Rationale: A paired T-test is used when comparing two related samples,
such as the same group of nurses' compliance rates before and after an
intervention.
6. In a logistic regression analysis, what does an odds ratio (OR) greater
than 1 indicate about the relationship between the exposure and the
outcome?
- A) The exposure is associated with lower odds of the outcome.
- B) The exposure is not associated with the odds of the outcome.
- C) The exposure is associated with higher odds of the outcome.
- D) The outcome is not dependent on the exposure.
Answer: C) The exposure is associated with higher odds of the outcome.
Rationale: An OR greater than 1 suggests that the exposure is associated
with higher odds of the outcome occurring.
7. A study aims to determine if there is a significant difference in the
average number of patients assigned per nurse across different hospital
units. Which statistical test should be used?
- A) Chi-square test
