PRN1178/ PRN 1178 Exam 2 (Latest 2024/
2025 Update) Client-Centered Care II|
Complete Guide with Questions and Verified
Answers| All Modules Covered| 100%
Correct| A Grade - Rasmussen
Q: What 3 things are included in Acid/Base balance (How do we balance the
PH?
Answer:
chemical buffers, respiratory, and kidney functions
Q: What is the 1st line of defense to maintain acid/base balance?
Answer:
Chemical and Protein Buffer Systems
Q: What is the 2nd line of defense to maintain acid/base balance?
Answer:
Lungs - control certain amt. of CO2 in blood
Q: What is the 3rd line of defense to maintain acid/base balance?
Answer:
Kidneys main function is to retain or excrete HCO3 which neutralizes acid in blood Slowest to
respond, yet the most
effective - 24-48 hrs
,Q: What role do the lungs play in compensation/balance?
Answer:
react within seconds to the imbalance by altering the respiratory rate, although immediate the
duration of compensation is short.
Q: What role do the kidneys play in compensation/balance?
What is Alkalosis?
Answer:
are slower to react to the changes in pH and are more powerful;
however, they are slower to respond taking days to correct the imbalance.
Q: What are the normal values PH, CO2, and HCO3? These need to be memo- rized.
Answer:
PH- 7.35-7.45
CO2- 35 to 45
HCO3- 22-26
Q: What causes alkalosis?
Answer:
a deficit of H+ ions raises pH
-hyperventilation, DECREASED CO2 LEVEL RELATED TO INCREASED RR, CAUSES
TOO MUCH CO2 TO BE EXHALED
Q: What signs will you see in a patient with alkalosis?
Answer:
hyper refluxes and muscle cramping, anxiety, tachycardia, low or normal BP, hypokalemia,
numbness and tingling of extremities, seizures.
, Q: What happens in respiratory alkalosis?
Answer:
hyperventilation
Fever- increased metabolic demand, increase O2 demand, increase RR
pain hypoxia
Q: What is metabolic acidosis?
Answer:
ADDITION OF AN ACID OR LOSS OF A BASE
Q: What are symptoms will see in your patient with respiratory acidosis?-
Answer:
headache, decreased BP, hyperkalemia, muscle twitching, warm flushed skin, Kussmaul
respirations, changes in level of consciousness (LOC), NVD
Q: What are some common medical problems that will cause metabolic aci- dosis?
Answer:
renal failure, diabetes, diarrhea, severe infections, shock, burns, hypothy- roidism, alcoholism,
starvation, diabetic ketoacidosis
Q: How do you treat metabolic acidosis?
Answer:
treat underlying conditions first dialysis
insulin for DM IV bicarb
Q: What is metabolic alkalosis?
2025 Update) Client-Centered Care II|
Complete Guide with Questions and Verified
Answers| All Modules Covered| 100%
Correct| A Grade - Rasmussen
Q: What 3 things are included in Acid/Base balance (How do we balance the
PH?
Answer:
chemical buffers, respiratory, and kidney functions
Q: What is the 1st line of defense to maintain acid/base balance?
Answer:
Chemical and Protein Buffer Systems
Q: What is the 2nd line of defense to maintain acid/base balance?
Answer:
Lungs - control certain amt. of CO2 in blood
Q: What is the 3rd line of defense to maintain acid/base balance?
Answer:
Kidneys main function is to retain or excrete HCO3 which neutralizes acid in blood Slowest to
respond, yet the most
effective - 24-48 hrs
,Q: What role do the lungs play in compensation/balance?
Answer:
react within seconds to the imbalance by altering the respiratory rate, although immediate the
duration of compensation is short.
Q: What role do the kidneys play in compensation/balance?
What is Alkalosis?
Answer:
are slower to react to the changes in pH and are more powerful;
however, they are slower to respond taking days to correct the imbalance.
Q: What are the normal values PH, CO2, and HCO3? These need to be memo- rized.
Answer:
PH- 7.35-7.45
CO2- 35 to 45
HCO3- 22-26
Q: What causes alkalosis?
Answer:
a deficit of H+ ions raises pH
-hyperventilation, DECREASED CO2 LEVEL RELATED TO INCREASED RR, CAUSES
TOO MUCH CO2 TO BE EXHALED
Q: What signs will you see in a patient with alkalosis?
Answer:
hyper refluxes and muscle cramping, anxiety, tachycardia, low or normal BP, hypokalemia,
numbness and tingling of extremities, seizures.
, Q: What happens in respiratory alkalosis?
Answer:
hyperventilation
Fever- increased metabolic demand, increase O2 demand, increase RR
pain hypoxia
Q: What is metabolic acidosis?
Answer:
ADDITION OF AN ACID OR LOSS OF A BASE
Q: What are symptoms will see in your patient with respiratory acidosis?-
Answer:
headache, decreased BP, hyperkalemia, muscle twitching, warm flushed skin, Kussmaul
respirations, changes in level of consciousness (LOC), NVD
Q: What are some common medical problems that will cause metabolic aci- dosis?
Answer:
renal failure, diabetes, diarrhea, severe infections, shock, burns, hypothy- roidism, alcoholism,
starvation, diabetic ketoacidosis
Q: How do you treat metabolic acidosis?
Answer:
treat underlying conditions first dialysis
insulin for DM IV bicarb
Q: What is metabolic alkalosis?
