ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM
2023-2024 ACTUAL EXAM 200 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY
GRADED A+
A patient is diagnosed with pulmonary disease and an
elevated pulmonary vascular resistance. Which of the
following heart failures may result from this condition?
a. low output failure
b. high output failure
c. right heart failure
d. left heart failure - ....ANSWER...right heart failure
Which structure is lined with columnar epithelial cells?
A) perimetrium
B) endocervical canal
C) myometrium
D) vagina - ....ANSWER...Ans: B- endocervical canal
Where is the usual site of cervical dysplasia or cancer in
situ?
A) wher the squamos epithelium of the cervix meets the
cuboidal epithelium of the vagina
,B) where the columnar epithelium fo the cervix meets the
squamous epithelium of the uterus
C) where the squamous epithelium of the cervix meets the
columnar epithelium of the uterus
D) where the columnar epithelium of the cervix meets the
squamous epithelium of the vagina - ....ANSWER...Ans: D-
where the columnar epithelium of the cervix meets the
squamous epithelium of the vagina
An infant has a crescendo-decrescendo systolic ejection
murmur located between the second and third intercostal
spaces along the left sternal border. There is also wide fixed
splitting of the second heart sound. These clinical findings
are consistent with which congenital heart defect?
a. ventricular septal defect (VSD)
b. atrial septal defect (ASD)
c. atrioventricular canal (AVC) defect
d. patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) - ....ANSWER...atrial
septal defect (ASD)
An infant has a continuous-machine type of murmur best
heard at the left upper sternal border throughout systole and
diastole. The infant has a bounding pulse and a thrill on
palpation. These clinical findings are consistent with which
congenital heart defect?
a. atrioventricular canal (AVC) defect
b. atrial septal defect (ASD)
c. patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
d. ventricular septal defect (VSD) - ....ANSWER...patent
ductus arteriosus (PDA)
Which statement best describes a Schilling test?
,A) administration of radioactive cbalamin and the
measurement of its excretion in the urine to test for vitamin
B12 deficiency
B) measurement of anigen-antibody immune complexes in
the blood to test for hemolytic anemia
C) measurement of serum ferritin and total iron-binding
capacity in the blood to test for iron deficiency anemia
D) administration of folate and measurement in two hours of
its level in a blood sample to test for folic acid deficiency -
....ANSWER...Ans: A- administration of radioactive
cbalamin and the measurement of its excretion in the urine
to test for vitamin B12 deficiency
In aplastic anemis (AA), pancytopenia develops as a result
of which of the following?
A) suppression of erythropoietin to produce adequate
amounts of erythrocytes
B) suppression of the bone marrow to produce adequte
amounts of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes
C) lack of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) to form sufficient
quantitites of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes
D) lact of stem cells toform sufficient quantities of
leukocytes - ....ANSWER...Ans: B- suppression of the bone
marrow to produce adequate amounts of erythrocytes,
leukocytes, and thrombocytes
Which statement is true regarding warm autoimmune
hemotlytic anemia?
, A) warm autimmune hemolytic anemia occurs primarily in
men
B) it is self-limiting and rarely produces hemolysis
C) erythrocytes are bound to macrophages and sequestered
in the spleen
D) immunoglobulin M (IgM) coats erythrocytes and binds
them to receptors on monocytes - ....ANSWER...Ans: C-
erythrocytes are bound to macrophages and sequestered in
the spleen
Pulmonary edema and pulmonary fibrosis cause hypoxemia
by:
a. creating alveolar dead space
b. impairing alveolocapillary membrane diffusion
c. creating a right to left shunt
d. decreasing the oxygen in inspired gas -
....ANSWER...impairing alveolocapillary membrane
diffusion
Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) can occur if the
mother:
A) is Rh-positive and the fetus is Rh-negative
B) is Rh-negative and the fetus is Rh-positive
C) has type A blood and the fetus has type O blood
D) has type AB blood and the fetus has type O blood -
....ANSWER...Ans: B- is Rh-negative and the fetus is Rh-
positive
Alveolar dead space is a result of:
a. atelectasis
b. pulmonary edema
2023-2024 ACTUAL EXAM 200 QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY
GRADED A+
A patient is diagnosed with pulmonary disease and an
elevated pulmonary vascular resistance. Which of the
following heart failures may result from this condition?
a. low output failure
b. high output failure
c. right heart failure
d. left heart failure - ....ANSWER...right heart failure
Which structure is lined with columnar epithelial cells?
A) perimetrium
B) endocervical canal
C) myometrium
D) vagina - ....ANSWER...Ans: B- endocervical canal
Where is the usual site of cervical dysplasia or cancer in
situ?
A) wher the squamos epithelium of the cervix meets the
cuboidal epithelium of the vagina
,B) where the columnar epithelium fo the cervix meets the
squamous epithelium of the uterus
C) where the squamous epithelium of the cervix meets the
columnar epithelium of the uterus
D) where the columnar epithelium of the cervix meets the
squamous epithelium of the vagina - ....ANSWER...Ans: D-
where the columnar epithelium of the cervix meets the
squamous epithelium of the vagina
An infant has a crescendo-decrescendo systolic ejection
murmur located between the second and third intercostal
spaces along the left sternal border. There is also wide fixed
splitting of the second heart sound. These clinical findings
are consistent with which congenital heart defect?
a. ventricular septal defect (VSD)
b. atrial septal defect (ASD)
c. atrioventricular canal (AVC) defect
d. patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) - ....ANSWER...atrial
septal defect (ASD)
An infant has a continuous-machine type of murmur best
heard at the left upper sternal border throughout systole and
diastole. The infant has a bounding pulse and a thrill on
palpation. These clinical findings are consistent with which
congenital heart defect?
a. atrioventricular canal (AVC) defect
b. atrial septal defect (ASD)
c. patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
d. ventricular septal defect (VSD) - ....ANSWER...patent
ductus arteriosus (PDA)
Which statement best describes a Schilling test?
,A) administration of radioactive cbalamin and the
measurement of its excretion in the urine to test for vitamin
B12 deficiency
B) measurement of anigen-antibody immune complexes in
the blood to test for hemolytic anemia
C) measurement of serum ferritin and total iron-binding
capacity in the blood to test for iron deficiency anemia
D) administration of folate and measurement in two hours of
its level in a blood sample to test for folic acid deficiency -
....ANSWER...Ans: A- administration of radioactive
cbalamin and the measurement of its excretion in the urine
to test for vitamin B12 deficiency
In aplastic anemis (AA), pancytopenia develops as a result
of which of the following?
A) suppression of erythropoietin to produce adequate
amounts of erythrocytes
B) suppression of the bone marrow to produce adequte
amounts of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes
C) lack of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) to form sufficient
quantitites of erythrocytes, leukocytes, and thrombocytes
D) lact of stem cells toform sufficient quantities of
leukocytes - ....ANSWER...Ans: B- suppression of the bone
marrow to produce adequate amounts of erythrocytes,
leukocytes, and thrombocytes
Which statement is true regarding warm autoimmune
hemotlytic anemia?
, A) warm autimmune hemolytic anemia occurs primarily in
men
B) it is self-limiting and rarely produces hemolysis
C) erythrocytes are bound to macrophages and sequestered
in the spleen
D) immunoglobulin M (IgM) coats erythrocytes and binds
them to receptors on monocytes - ....ANSWER...Ans: C-
erythrocytes are bound to macrophages and sequestered in
the spleen
Pulmonary edema and pulmonary fibrosis cause hypoxemia
by:
a. creating alveolar dead space
b. impairing alveolocapillary membrane diffusion
c. creating a right to left shunt
d. decreasing the oxygen in inspired gas -
....ANSWER...impairing alveolocapillary membrane
diffusion
Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) can occur if the
mother:
A) is Rh-positive and the fetus is Rh-negative
B) is Rh-negative and the fetus is Rh-positive
C) has type A blood and the fetus has type O blood
D) has type AB blood and the fetus has type O blood -
....ANSWER...Ans: B- is Rh-negative and the fetus is Rh-
positive
Alveolar dead space is a result of:
a. atelectasis
b. pulmonary edema
