ATI Med Surg Practice Test A 2024 Questions And Answers.

ATI Med Surg Practice Test A 2024 Questions And Answers. A nurse is assessing a client who has acute cholecystitis. Which of the following findings is the nurse's priority? C. Tachycardia When using the urgent vs. nonurgent approach to client care, the nurse should determine that the priority finding is tachycardia. Tachycardia is a manifestation of biliary colic, which can lead to shock. The nurse should position the head of the client's bed flat and report this finding immediately to the provider A nurse is caring for a client who is undergoing hemodialysis to treat end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). The client reports muscle cramps and a tingling sensation in their hands. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer? D. Calcium carbonate Hypocalcemia is a manifestation of ESKD and an adverse effect of dialysis. Often occurring late in the dialysis session, hypocalcemia can cause the client to experience muscle cramping and tingling to extremities. The nurse should plan to administer a calcium supplement, such as calcium carbonate, as a calcium replacement. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is receiving chemotherapy and has a new prescription for epoetin alfa. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. "I will monitor my blood pressure while taking this medication" Common side effect of epoetin alfa is hypertension The client should monitor their blood pressure while taking this medication because hypertension is a common adverse effect and can lead to hypertensive encephalopathy. A nurse is caring for a group of clients. The nurse should plan to make a referral to physical therapy for which of the following clients? A. A client who is receiving preoperative teaching for a right knee arthroplasty The nurse should make a referral to physical therapy for a client who is receiving preoperative teaching for a knee arthroplasty so the client can begin understanding postoperative exercises and physical restrictions A nurse is providing teaching to a female client who has a history of urinary tract infections (UTIs). Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? D. Take daily cranberry supplements ATI Med Surg Practice Test A 2024 Questions And Answers. 3/29/24, 3:12 PM ATI Med Surg Practice test A about:blank 2/41 The client should take cranberry supplements or drink low-fructose cranberry juice because it contains compounds that adhere to the urinary tract wall, decreasing the risk for developing a UTI A nurse is providing instructions to a client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus and a new prescription for metformin. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? B. "I should take this medication with a meal." The client should take metformin with or immediately following meals to improve absorption and to minimize gastrointestinal distress A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). A new bag is not available when the current infusion is nearly completed. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? C. Administer dextrose 10% in water until the new bag arrives TP solutions have a high concentration of dextrose. Therefore, if a TPN solution is temporarily unavailable, the nurse should administer dextrose 10% or 20% in water to avoid a precipitous drop in the client's blood glucose level. A nurse in a community clinic is caring for a client who reports an increase in the frequency of migraine headaches. To help reduce the risk for migraine headaches, which of the following foods should the nurse recommend the client to avoid? B. Aged cheese Foods that contain tyramine, such as aged cheese and sausage, can trigger migraine headaches. A nurse is preparing a client who has supraventricular tachycardia for elective cardioversion. Which of the following prescribed medications should the nurse instruct the client to withhold for 48 hr prior to cardioversion? C. Digoxin There is an increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias developing in patients taking digoxin during electrical cardioversion. Reduce dosage or withhold therapy for 1 to 2 days before elective cardioversion Cardiac glycosides, such as digoxin, are withheld prior to cardioversion. These medications can increase ventricular irritability and put the client at risk for ventricular fibrillation after the synchronized countershock of cardioversion A nurse is caring for a client who has anorexia, low-grade fever, night sweats, and a productive cough. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? D. Initiate airborne precautions 3/29/24, 3:12 PM ATI Med Surg Practice test A about:blank 3/41 This client is exhibiting manifestations of tuberculosis. The greatest risk in this client situation is for other people in the facility to acquire an airborne disease from this client. Therefore, the first action the nurse should take is to initiate airborne precautions A nurse is caring for a client who has a stage III pressure injury. Which of the following findings contributes to delayed wound healing? D. Urine output 25 mL/hr Urinary output reflects fluid status. Inadequate urine output can indicate dehydration, which can delay wound healing. A nurse is caring for a client who has emphysema and is receiving mechanical ventilation. The client appears anxious and restless, and the high-pressure alarm is sounding. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? C. Instruct the client to allow the machine to breathe for them. When providing client care, the nurse should first use the least restrictive intervention. Therefore, the first action the nurse should take is to provide verbal instructions and emotional support to help the client relax and allow the ventilator to work. Clients can exhibit anxiety and restlessness when trying to "fight the ventilator." A nurse is caring for a client who has hepatic encephalopathy that is being treated with lactulose. The client is experiencing excessive stools. Which of the following findings is an adverse effect of this medication? A. Hypokalemia Lactulose works by stimulating the production of excess stools to rid the body of excess ammonia. These excessive stools can result in hypokalemia and dehydration. A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a client who reports vomiting and diarrhea for the past 3 days. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing fluid volume deficit? A. Heart rate 110/min A client who has a 3-day history of vomiting and diarrhea is likely to have fluid volume deficit and an elevated heart rate. A nurse is caring for a client who has pancreatitis. The nurse should expect which of the following laboratory results to be below the expected reference range? D. Calcium A client who has pancreatitis is expected to have decreased calcium and magnesium levels due to fat necrosis. 3/29/24, 3:12 PM ATI Med Surg Practice test A about:blank 4/41 A nurse is assessing a client who has Graves' disease. Which of the following images should indicate to the nurse that the client has exophthalmos? D. The nurse should identify an outward protrusion of the eyes is exophthalmos a common finding of graves disease. An overproduction of the thyroid hormone causes edema of the extraocular muscle and increases fatty tissue behind the eye, which results in the eyes protruding outward. Exophthalmos can cause the client to experience problems with vision, including focusing on objects, as well as pressure on the optic nerve. A nurse is caring for a client who was just admitted from the emergency department (ED). Exhibit 1: Nurses' Notes 0945: Client is experiencing a sickle cell crisis. Client states that they began experiencing pain in the lower extremities 3 days ago and is now experiencing pain in the chest, rating it as 4 on scale of 0 to 10. Oxygen at 3 L/min via nasal cannula in place. Oral mucosa pink, no cyanosis. Pulses palpable in all four extremities, no peripheral edema noted. Respirations even and slightly labored; lung sounds with slight wheezing in left upper lobe. Abdomen soft and nontender, bowel sounds active in all four quadrants. 0.45% sodium chloride IV at 200 mL/hr infusing to left hand with no reports of pain or swelling at the site. 1200: Client is sitting up in high-Fowler's position and appears anxious. Client reports shortness of breath and severe chest pain as 9 on a scale of 0 to 10. Client states that they have started coughing and are expectorating pink-tinged mucus. Lung sounds with increased wheezing in left lung and clear on the right side. Equal chest expansion noted. Neck veins flat. No peripheral edema observed. Exhibit 2: Vital Signs 0945: Blood pressure 132/88 mm Hg Respiratory rate 22/min Temperature 38° C (100° F) Heart rate 98/min SaO2 95% on 3 L/min via nasal cannula 1200: Blood pressure 136/90 mm Hg Respiratory rate 32/min 3/29/24, 3:12 PM ATI Med Surg Practice test A about:blank 5/41 Temperature 38.7° C (101.6° F) Heart rate 110/min SaO2 90% on 3 L/min via nasal cannula Drag words from the choices below to fill in each blank in the following sentence. The client is most likely experiencing and . Word Choices pneumonia acute chest syndrome right-sided heart failure fluid volume overload pneumothorax Fluid volume overload is incorrect. While the client is experiencing an increased respiratory rate and shortness of breath, fluid volume overload typically includes moist crackles on auscultation, pitting edema in dependent areas, neck vein distension, and hypertension. Right-sided heart failure is incorrect. While clients who have sickle-cell disease are at risk for developing heart failure, the client does not have manifestations of right-sided heart failure. Right-sided heart failure typically presents with signs of fluid volume overload, which includes jugular vein distention, dependent edema, and blood pressure alterations. Acute chest syndrome is correct. The client is most likely experiencing acute chest syndrome, which can be caused by respiratory infections and debris from sickled cells. The client is displaying manifestations of acute chest syndrome, which include cough, shortness of breath, wheezing, tachypnea, fever, and chest pain. Pneumonia is correct. The client is most likely experiencing pneumonia as evidenced by the manifestations of cough, shortness of breath, fever, tachypnea, blood-tinged sputum, and chest pain. Pneumothorax is incorrect. While the client is experiencing increased respiratory distress, a pneumothorax typically presents with reduced or absent breath sounds and unequal chest expansion.