Fisdap Cardiology Exam
Where are Beta 1 receptors found?
Heart and Kidneys
Stimulation of Beta 1 receptors result in an increase of what?
Heart: Inotropy, Chronotropy, Dromotropy
Kidneys: Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System = Vasoconstriction = Increase blood pressure
Which node is located at the junction of the superior vena cava and the right atrium, is typically
supplied by the Right Coronary artery, and fires at a rate of 60-100 bpm.
SA Node
Atrial depolarization characterized by smooth, round, upright deflection less than 0.11 secs long and
less than 2.5mm tall is referred to as what on the ECG?
P wave
Carvedilol (Coreg)
Metropolol (Lopressor)
Atenolol (Tenormin)
Propranolol (Inderal)
Bisoprolol (Zebeta)
Acebutolol (Sectral)
Comolol (Brevibloc)
Beta Blockers - used for blood pressure and cardiac problems
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
Vasopressin
Dopamine
Phenylephrine
Dobutamine
Vasopressors
The middle of phase 3 to beginning of phase 4 in the cardiac cycle where cardiac cells are partially
refractory and partially repolarized and certain cells can be depolarized in response to electrical
stimulus.
Relative Refractory Period
(Partial flush of the toilet)
Starlings Law
When end diastolic volume increases, stroke volume increases as well.
(When more blood is in the ventricles, the cardiac muscle stretches like rubber band and creates
more forceful contraction)
, Intrinsic Rate for Ventricles (Purkinje Fibers)
20-40
Intrinsic Rate for AV Junction
40-60
Treatment for Beta Blocker Overdose
Glucagon: 1-5mg IV/IO (1st Line Drug)
Calcium Chloride: 500mg - 1g IV/IO
Why do we give Nitro for chest pain?
Class
MOA
Indications
Nitrate Vasodilator and Antianginal
Relaxes vascular smooth muscle = vasodilation and venous pooling which Reduces Preload/Afterload
and Dilates Coronary Arteries which increases myocardial perfusion.
Cardiac Chest Pain
Acute Pulmonary Edema
What is our dose for nitro, and what are the contraindications?
0.4mg sublingual
15mg/1inch paste
1g patch
Systolic <90mmHg
PDE5 inhibitors x 48hrs
Head Trauma/Hemorrhage signs
Poor Systemic Perfusion
Swelling of affected limb, pain and tenderness, inflammation/redness, warm to touch on affected
limb, pain on dorsiflexion (Homan Sign) are all signs of?
DVT
Treatment of DVT
Supportive Care, Position of Comfort, Establish IV, Cardiac Monitor, Pulse Ox, O2, Monitor vitals for
embolism.
Do not massage affected limb.
The pressure gradient that drives coronary blood pressure.
The difference between aortic diastolic pressure and left ventricular end diastolic pressure that
perfuses the coronary arteries.
Coronary Perfusion
Where are Beta 1 receptors found?
Heart and Kidneys
Stimulation of Beta 1 receptors result in an increase of what?
Heart: Inotropy, Chronotropy, Dromotropy
Kidneys: Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System = Vasoconstriction = Increase blood pressure
Which node is located at the junction of the superior vena cava and the right atrium, is typically
supplied by the Right Coronary artery, and fires at a rate of 60-100 bpm.
SA Node
Atrial depolarization characterized by smooth, round, upright deflection less than 0.11 secs long and
less than 2.5mm tall is referred to as what on the ECG?
P wave
Carvedilol (Coreg)
Metropolol (Lopressor)
Atenolol (Tenormin)
Propranolol (Inderal)
Bisoprolol (Zebeta)
Acebutolol (Sectral)
Comolol (Brevibloc)
Beta Blockers - used for blood pressure and cardiac problems
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
Vasopressin
Dopamine
Phenylephrine
Dobutamine
Vasopressors
The middle of phase 3 to beginning of phase 4 in the cardiac cycle where cardiac cells are partially
refractory and partially repolarized and certain cells can be depolarized in response to electrical
stimulus.
Relative Refractory Period
(Partial flush of the toilet)
Starlings Law
When end diastolic volume increases, stroke volume increases as well.
(When more blood is in the ventricles, the cardiac muscle stretches like rubber band and creates
more forceful contraction)
, Intrinsic Rate for Ventricles (Purkinje Fibers)
20-40
Intrinsic Rate for AV Junction
40-60
Treatment for Beta Blocker Overdose
Glucagon: 1-5mg IV/IO (1st Line Drug)
Calcium Chloride: 500mg - 1g IV/IO
Why do we give Nitro for chest pain?
Class
MOA
Indications
Nitrate Vasodilator and Antianginal
Relaxes vascular smooth muscle = vasodilation and venous pooling which Reduces Preload/Afterload
and Dilates Coronary Arteries which increases myocardial perfusion.
Cardiac Chest Pain
Acute Pulmonary Edema
What is our dose for nitro, and what are the contraindications?
0.4mg sublingual
15mg/1inch paste
1g patch
Systolic <90mmHg
PDE5 inhibitors x 48hrs
Head Trauma/Hemorrhage signs
Poor Systemic Perfusion
Swelling of affected limb, pain and tenderness, inflammation/redness, warm to touch on affected
limb, pain on dorsiflexion (Homan Sign) are all signs of?
DVT
Treatment of DVT
Supportive Care, Position of Comfort, Establish IV, Cardiac Monitor, Pulse Ox, O2, Monitor vitals for
embolism.
Do not massage affected limb.
The pressure gradient that drives coronary blood pressure.
The difference between aortic diastolic pressure and left ventricular end diastolic pressure that
perfuses the coronary arteries.
Coronary Perfusion
