Renal N5315 UTA QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

Renal N5315 UTA Calcitriol ANSWER: the active form of vitamin D which is converted in the kidneys. -it helps with the absorption if Ca podocytes ANSWER: cells in the Bowman's capsule in the kidneys that wrap around capillaries of the glomeruli and have slits that blood is filtered through JGA (juxtaglomerular apparatus) ANSWER: collection of cells consisting of juxtaglomerular cells, macula dense, and the mesangial cells juxtaglomerular cells ANSWER: cells that monitor renal pressure and help maintain a normal GFR through the release of renin. release of renin ANSWER: what helps increase GFR by the release of angiotensin II which constricts the efferent arterial thereby increasing pressure of the glomerulus ace inhibitors ANSWER: what med blocks the action of angiotensin II on the efferent arterioles=renal protection in diabetics Calcium stones ANSWER: most common stone. caused by hyperparathyroidism=increased osteoblast activity which break down bone. struvite stones ANSWER: stone made up of magnesium, ammonium, and phosphate salts d/t chronic UTIs with urease producing bacteria=proteus & pseudomonas. Uric acid stones ANSWER: stones caused by the breakdown of purine. D/T excess purine intake or person with gout. Cystine stones ANSWER: least common stone and most common occur in children FeNa less than 1% ANSWER: indicates that the kidneys are conserving Na and is indicative of pre-renal AKI FeNa greater than 2% ANSWER: indicates that the kidneys are wasting Na and is consistent with an acute tubular necrosis BUN:Cr ratio 20 ANSWER: consistent with a pre-renal acute kidney injury muddy brown cast cells ANSWER: these are seen in a UA with acute tubular necrosis