AP Psychology - Cognitive Psychology Well Defined
terms with Certified Solutions 2023-2024
Cognition –
✔Answer- all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering,
and communicating
Information processing model –
✔Answer- encode-->store-->retrieve
Memory –
✔Answer- the persistence of learning over time through the storage and retrieval of
information
Confabulation –
✔Answer- the unintended false recollection of episodic memories
-memories match our expectations
Encoding –
✔Answer- the processing of information into the memory system—for example, by
extracting meaning.
Effortful processing –
✔Answer- encoding that requires attention and conscious effort
-studying, thinking
Automatic processing –
✔Answer- unconscious encoding of incidental information, such as space, time, and
frequency, and of well-learned information, such as word meanings
Parallel processing –
✔Answer- the processing of many aspects of a problem simultaneously
, AP Psychology - Cognitive Psychology Well Defined
terms with Certified Solutions 2023-2024
Methods of effortful processing –
✔Answer- chunking, schemas, mnemonics, hierarchies
Deep processing (semantic encoding) –
✔Answer- encoding semantically, based on the meaning of the words; tends to yield
the best retention
Shallow processing –
✔Answer- encoding on a basic level based on the structure or appearance of words
-maintenance rehearsal
-single repetition
Elaborative rehearsal –
✔Answer- a method of transferring information from STM into LTM by making that
information meaningful in some way
Maintenance rehearsal –
✔Answer- A system for remembering involving repeating information to oneself without
attempting to find meaning in it
Chunking –
✔Answer- organizing items into familiar, manageable units; often occurs automatically
Ex: phone numbers
5103634558 becomes 510-363-4558
Schemas (Piaget) –
✔Answer- mental frameworks that shape and are shaped by our experience
terms with Certified Solutions 2023-2024
Cognition –
✔Answer- all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering,
and communicating
Information processing model –
✔Answer- encode-->store-->retrieve
Memory –
✔Answer- the persistence of learning over time through the storage and retrieval of
information
Confabulation –
✔Answer- the unintended false recollection of episodic memories
-memories match our expectations
Encoding –
✔Answer- the processing of information into the memory system—for example, by
extracting meaning.
Effortful processing –
✔Answer- encoding that requires attention and conscious effort
-studying, thinking
Automatic processing –
✔Answer- unconscious encoding of incidental information, such as space, time, and
frequency, and of well-learned information, such as word meanings
Parallel processing –
✔Answer- the processing of many aspects of a problem simultaneously
, AP Psychology - Cognitive Psychology Well Defined
terms with Certified Solutions 2023-2024
Methods of effortful processing –
✔Answer- chunking, schemas, mnemonics, hierarchies
Deep processing (semantic encoding) –
✔Answer- encoding semantically, based on the meaning of the words; tends to yield
the best retention
Shallow processing –
✔Answer- encoding on a basic level based on the structure or appearance of words
-maintenance rehearsal
-single repetition
Elaborative rehearsal –
✔Answer- a method of transferring information from STM into LTM by making that
information meaningful in some way
Maintenance rehearsal –
✔Answer- A system for remembering involving repeating information to oneself without
attempting to find meaning in it
Chunking –
✔Answer- organizing items into familiar, manageable units; often occurs automatically
Ex: phone numbers
5103634558 becomes 510-363-4558
Schemas (Piaget) –
✔Answer- mental frameworks that shape and are shaped by our experience
