Portage Learning Anatomy & Physiology 2: Module 2 Exam

Portage Learning Anatomy & Physiology 2: Module 2 Exam This layer of the meninges is tightly attached to the brain. Pia mater (menix) The _______ fissure separates the right and left cerebral hemispheres. Median longitudinal Brainpower Read More What is the purpose of the blood-brain barrier? Describe its maintenance from a cellular level. The blood-brain barrier is a diffusion barrier which prevents most particles from entering the central nervous system tissue, keeping the brain and spinal cord separate from general blood circulation. The blood-brain barrier is formed by the relatively impermeable brain capillaries, due to the glial cells astrocytes. Maintenance of the blood-brain-barrier is important to provide a stable chemical environment for the nervous system. All the following are functions of the hypothalamus except: A. Maintain homeostasis B. Controls the pituitary gland C. Links the nervous and endocrine systems D. Correct! Relays sensory impulses to the cerebrum What is the largest portion of the brain? A. Cerebellum B. Correct! Cerebrum C. Corpus collosum D. Cingulate gyrus This region of the brain acts to coordinate multiple sources of sensory information. A. Primary sensory cortex B. Primary motor cortex C. Correct! Association area D. Precentral gyrus E. Postcentral gyrus A patient is having difficulty understanding language but is still able to speak fluently. The patient's dermatomes are intact. Which area of the brain is most likely damaged? A. Broca’s area B. Correct! Wernicke’s area C. Occipital lobe D. Parietal lobe E. Primary sensory cortex Describe how memories are stored and retrieved in the brain. Include a specific brain region. Memories are not stored in one specific area within the brain but instead are stored throughout the cerebral hemispheres. The hippocampus acts as a memory center to help with memory storage and retrieval. The involvement of the limbic system explains why emotionally charged events result in our most vivid memories. Which statement is false concerning the brainstem? A. Correct! The midbrain portion of the brainstem is continuous with the spinal cord. B. The pons helps to regulate breathing. C. The midbrain contains the superior and inferior colliculi. D. The medulla contains reflex centers to regulate vasoconstriction. Which of the following is false concerning the cerebellum? A. The gray matter is external while the white mater is internal. B. Correct! The cerebellar peduncles are located posteriorly. C. The anterior lobe receives information from the body trunk. D. The vermis coordinates arm movements. Alzheimer's disease impacts which region(s) of the brain? A. Occipital lobe B. Frontal lobe C. Parietal lobe D. Hippocampus E. Correct! All the above Which of the following is false concerning a CVA? A. Correct! An ischemic stroke is also known as a “brain bleed”. B. A TIA is a form of an ischemic stroke. C. Stroke survivors may regain some lost functions through therapy. D. A hemorrhagic stroke is due to a broken blood vessel. A patient is unable to extend his fourth and fifth digits when asked to open his hand. What is most likely the cause? A. CVA in the frontal lobe B. Carpal tunnel syndrome C. Correct! Ulnar nerve damage C. Anterior spinal cord injury Label the following spinal cord regions in the diagram below: 1: _____________________ 5: _____________________ 6: _____________________ 9: _____________________ 11: ____________________ 1: Posterior (Dorsal) column 5: Anterior median fissure 6: Posterior (Dorsal) horn 9: Dorsal root 11: DRG (Dorsal Root ganglion) What cranial nerve is highlighted in blue (also indicated by the arrow) in the figure below?