Medical Surgical Nursing- Integumentary
2023 EXAM
Function of skin - CORRECT ANSWERS protection, prevents penetration, perception,
temperature regulation, identification, communication, wound repair, absorption and
excretion, production of vitamin D
Epidermis - CORRECT ANSWERS The outer layer of skin that acts as a watertight
protective covering. Dead Skin.
Dermis - CORRECT ANSWERS Middle layer of skin that is composed of elastic
fibers. Functions to provide strength, mechanical support and to protect muscle, bone,
and organs.
Nerve receptors produce feelings of heat, cold, pain, touch and pressure
have ceruminous glands produce sebum
Hypodermis (subcutaneous layer) - CORRECT ANSWERS Innermost layer of the
skin. Composed of adipose tissue; functions as a site for storage, shock absorber,
insulates deep tissue, and anchors skin to underlying tissues.
Age related skin changes - CORRECT ANSWERS -Delayed Healing: skin repairs
proceed more slowly
-Epidermal and dermal thinning: slow repairs, decreased vvitamin D production,
reduced number of langerhans cells (sagging and wrinkling due to fiber loss)
-Increased risk of infection and sun damage
-Decreased vitamin D synthesis
-Decreased melanocyte activiey: pale skin and reduced tolerance for sun exposure
-Diminished blood supple: slow healing, and reduced ability to lose heat
-Decreased glandular acitivity: sweat glands tend to overheat
- Decreased skin turgor, wrinkling, fragility, dryness, roughness, vascular lesions.
Assessment: Objective Data - CORRECT ANSWERS Color, pigmentation, bruising,
vascularity, lesions, discolorations, unusually odor, temperature, turgor, mobility,
moisture, and texture.
Assessment: Subjective Data - CORRECT ANSWERS Itching, burning, dry, irritated,
pins and needles, pain scale, longevity, etiology.
Topical Medications - CORRECT ANSWERS Lotions, creams, pastes, shampoos,
and ointments that are applied to the surface of the skin and affect only that area; a
medication delivery route. Slows the overactive epidermis without affecting other tissues
and cause sloughing of the rapidly growing epidermal cells.
, Topical Corticosteroids - CORRECT ANSWERS Used for inflammatory effects; often
limited to twice a day for a four week period. Used to treat dermatitis and psoriasis.
Systemic Steroids - CORRECT ANSWERS Not generally used for skin conditions
because it could possibly provoke a flare-up. Possibly used for hives. Can be used
when topical measures are not effective.
Phototherapy - CORRECT ANSWERS A therapy that involves repeated exposure to
UV lights, which slows the rapid cell growth of skin cells.
Cellulitis - CORRECT ANSWERS Inflammation of subcutaneous, loose connective
tissue; causes swelling; possible skin infections.
Symptoms: Hot to touch, tender, erythematous, edematous areas with diffused borders,
chills, malaise, and fever.
Eczema - CORRECT ANSWERS noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease
characterized by redness, blisters, scabs, and itching. Long term inflammation of the
skin; hypersensitivity of the skin with hyperactivity inflammation and hyperactivity
Psoriasis - CORRECT ANSWERS A common skin disorder characterized by flare-ups
in which red papules covered with silvery scales occur on the elbows, knees, scalp,
back, or buttocks. Can be as little as a cosmetic annoyance, and can severe enough to
be physically disabling.
Sun Exposure - CORRECT ANSWERS Major factor in precancerous and cancerous
lesions such as: Actinic keratoses, Basal cell carcinoma, Squamous cell carcinoma, and
Malignant melanoma.
Patient Teaching: Sunscreen with a minimum of 15 SPF, wearing hats, teaching on
danger of burns on overcast days and the dangers of tanning beds. Avoid the sun
between 11am and 3pm.
Skin Cancer Prevention: ABCDE rule. - CORRECT ANSWERS A-Asymmetry
B-Border Irregularity
C-Color Change/Variation
D-Diameter more than 6mm
E-Evolving appearance
Actinic Keratosis - CORRECT ANSWERS a precancerous skin growth that occurs on
sun-damaged skin.
Malignant Melanoma - CORRECT ANSWERS Most serious form of skin cancer; often
characterized by black or dark brown patches on the skin that may appear uneven in
texture, jagged, or raised.
2023 EXAM
Function of skin - CORRECT ANSWERS protection, prevents penetration, perception,
temperature regulation, identification, communication, wound repair, absorption and
excretion, production of vitamin D
Epidermis - CORRECT ANSWERS The outer layer of skin that acts as a watertight
protective covering. Dead Skin.
Dermis - CORRECT ANSWERS Middle layer of skin that is composed of elastic
fibers. Functions to provide strength, mechanical support and to protect muscle, bone,
and organs.
Nerve receptors produce feelings of heat, cold, pain, touch and pressure
have ceruminous glands produce sebum
Hypodermis (subcutaneous layer) - CORRECT ANSWERS Innermost layer of the
skin. Composed of adipose tissue; functions as a site for storage, shock absorber,
insulates deep tissue, and anchors skin to underlying tissues.
Age related skin changes - CORRECT ANSWERS -Delayed Healing: skin repairs
proceed more slowly
-Epidermal and dermal thinning: slow repairs, decreased vvitamin D production,
reduced number of langerhans cells (sagging and wrinkling due to fiber loss)
-Increased risk of infection and sun damage
-Decreased vitamin D synthesis
-Decreased melanocyte activiey: pale skin and reduced tolerance for sun exposure
-Diminished blood supple: slow healing, and reduced ability to lose heat
-Decreased glandular acitivity: sweat glands tend to overheat
- Decreased skin turgor, wrinkling, fragility, dryness, roughness, vascular lesions.
Assessment: Objective Data - CORRECT ANSWERS Color, pigmentation, bruising,
vascularity, lesions, discolorations, unusually odor, temperature, turgor, mobility,
moisture, and texture.
Assessment: Subjective Data - CORRECT ANSWERS Itching, burning, dry, irritated,
pins and needles, pain scale, longevity, etiology.
Topical Medications - CORRECT ANSWERS Lotions, creams, pastes, shampoos,
and ointments that are applied to the surface of the skin and affect only that area; a
medication delivery route. Slows the overactive epidermis without affecting other tissues
and cause sloughing of the rapidly growing epidermal cells.
, Topical Corticosteroids - CORRECT ANSWERS Used for inflammatory effects; often
limited to twice a day for a four week period. Used to treat dermatitis and psoriasis.
Systemic Steroids - CORRECT ANSWERS Not generally used for skin conditions
because it could possibly provoke a flare-up. Possibly used for hives. Can be used
when topical measures are not effective.
Phototherapy - CORRECT ANSWERS A therapy that involves repeated exposure to
UV lights, which slows the rapid cell growth of skin cells.
Cellulitis - CORRECT ANSWERS Inflammation of subcutaneous, loose connective
tissue; causes swelling; possible skin infections.
Symptoms: Hot to touch, tender, erythematous, edematous areas with diffused borders,
chills, malaise, and fever.
Eczema - CORRECT ANSWERS noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease
characterized by redness, blisters, scabs, and itching. Long term inflammation of the
skin; hypersensitivity of the skin with hyperactivity inflammation and hyperactivity
Psoriasis - CORRECT ANSWERS A common skin disorder characterized by flare-ups
in which red papules covered with silvery scales occur on the elbows, knees, scalp,
back, or buttocks. Can be as little as a cosmetic annoyance, and can severe enough to
be physically disabling.
Sun Exposure - CORRECT ANSWERS Major factor in precancerous and cancerous
lesions such as: Actinic keratoses, Basal cell carcinoma, Squamous cell carcinoma, and
Malignant melanoma.
Patient Teaching: Sunscreen with a minimum of 15 SPF, wearing hats, teaching on
danger of burns on overcast days and the dangers of tanning beds. Avoid the sun
between 11am and 3pm.
Skin Cancer Prevention: ABCDE rule. - CORRECT ANSWERS A-Asymmetry
B-Border Irregularity
C-Color Change/Variation
D-Diameter more than 6mm
E-Evolving appearance
Actinic Keratosis - CORRECT ANSWERS a precancerous skin growth that occurs on
sun-damaged skin.
Malignant Melanoma - CORRECT ANSWERS Most serious form of skin cancer; often
characterized by black or dark brown patches on the skin that may appear uneven in
texture, jagged, or raised.
