APHY 102 - Exam 3 Nutrition and Metabolism Questions
and Answers
Excess glucose polymerized to form glycogen
Glycogenesis
Glycogen broken down to form glucose
Glycogenolysis
Converting non carbs to glucose
Gluconeogenesis
beta oxidation
chemical process of breaking down fatty acid chains to form Acetyl coenzyme A, which
can enter the citric acid cycle
Fatty acid oxidase
An enzyme that catalyzes the removal of hydrogen or electrons from a fatty acid
molecule
Ketone bodies
Compound produced during fat catabolism, including acetone, acetoacetic acid, and
betahydroxybutyric acid
Essential fatty acids
Fatty acid required for health that body cells cannot synthesize in adequate amounts
Deamination
Removing amino groups (-NH2) from amino acids
Urea
A nonprotein nitrogenous substance resulting from protein catabolism
Essential amino acid
Amino acid required for health that body cells cannot synthesize in adequate amounts
Complete protein
a protein that contains all the essential amino acids
Leptin
Hormone produced by fat cells that binds receptors in hypothalamus, suppressing
hunger
Grehlin
Hormone released by stomach that stimulates release of Neuropeptide Y
Vitamin
Organic compound that the body needs but does not produce on its own
Provitamin
precursor of a vitamin
Fat soluble vitamins
A, D, E, K
water soluble vitamins
B and C
Antioxidants
Organic molecules that help protect the body from harmful chemicals called free
radicals
Vitamin A deficiency
and Answers
Excess glucose polymerized to form glycogen
Glycogenesis
Glycogen broken down to form glucose
Glycogenolysis
Converting non carbs to glucose
Gluconeogenesis
beta oxidation
chemical process of breaking down fatty acid chains to form Acetyl coenzyme A, which
can enter the citric acid cycle
Fatty acid oxidase
An enzyme that catalyzes the removal of hydrogen or electrons from a fatty acid
molecule
Ketone bodies
Compound produced during fat catabolism, including acetone, acetoacetic acid, and
betahydroxybutyric acid
Essential fatty acids
Fatty acid required for health that body cells cannot synthesize in adequate amounts
Deamination
Removing amino groups (-NH2) from amino acids
Urea
A nonprotein nitrogenous substance resulting from protein catabolism
Essential amino acid
Amino acid required for health that body cells cannot synthesize in adequate amounts
Complete protein
a protein that contains all the essential amino acids
Leptin
Hormone produced by fat cells that binds receptors in hypothalamus, suppressing
hunger
Grehlin
Hormone released by stomach that stimulates release of Neuropeptide Y
Vitamin
Organic compound that the body needs but does not produce on its own
Provitamin
precursor of a vitamin
Fat soluble vitamins
A, D, E, K
water soluble vitamins
B and C
Antioxidants
Organic molecules that help protect the body from harmful chemicals called free
radicals
Vitamin A deficiency
