NCE And CPCE Study Guide Questions
And Answers.
What does CACREP stand for? -
\the Council for the Accreditation and Counseling Related Educational Programs
What does CCE stand for? -
\Center for Credentialing and Education, inc
What does REBT stand for and who is the main theorist associated with it? -
\Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy; Ellis.
Name Freud's Psychosexual stages of development. -
\Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latent, and Genital. (Mnemonic device: Oh, Anthony, Please Let's
Go!)
Describe Erik Erikson's stages. -
\Erik Erikson is an Ego psychologist and a disciple of Freud. His 8 stages focus on
social relationships, therefore they are called psychosocial. Each stage has a crisis that
must be overcome in order to move on to the next stage. His stages are Trust v.
Mistrust; Autonomy v. Shame/doubt; Industry v. Inferiority; Initiative vs. Guilt; Identity v.
Role confusion; Intimacy v. Isolation; Generativity vs. Stagnation; Integrity vs. Despair.
(Mnemonic device: The Air In Iceland Is Icy, Greenland Isn't.)
define psychometric. -
\pertaining to mental testing and measurement
define psychodiagnostic -
\the study of personality through interpretation of behavior and non-verbal cues; or
labeling a client in a diagnostic category.
define psychopharmacology -
\the study of the effects drugs have on psychological functions.
What is the id? -
\the basic instinct principle in Freudian theory. It is the seat of aggression and sexual
impulse. It is devoid of logic and time orientation. It is chaotic and bodily focused.
What is the ego? -
\this is the reality principle in Freudian theory. It indicates power of reasoning and
control over behavior. It helps keep the impulses of the id in check.
What is the superego? -
,\the superego is the moralistic and idealistic principle in the Freudian theory.
Which group of theorists believe "if you can't measure it, it doesn't exist"? -
\Behaviorists. They focus on O.O.B. The observable, objective behaviors. (My AP psych
teacher in HS called it the O.O.B. tampon. gross, but it helped me remember it!)
Who is the only psychoanalyst with a developmental theory that covered the entire
lifespan? -
\Erik Erikson's Psychosocial stages covered the entire lifespan. Each stage has a crisis
or turning point.
What theory is A. A. Brill associated with? -
\Career theory
Milton H. Erickson is associated with... -
\Brief psychotherapy and hypnosis.
What field is Jean Piaget associated with? -
\Cognitive Child Development
Who is Jay Haley and what is the nature of his contribution to counseling? -
\Haley is most famous for his work on strategic and problem-solving therapy, more
specifically with his use of the paradox technique. He also studied with Milton Erickson.
Arnold Lazarus -
\He is a known behavioral therapist who worked specifically with methods of
desensitization and phobias. He is most associated with Multimodal Therapy.
William Perry -
\He is known for his work in adult cognitive development, specifically with college
students. He worked a lot with the concept of "dualistic thinking" among college
students, where everything is either black or white. (Memory technique: think of Katy
Perry's song Hot and Cold to associate Perry with dualism.)
Ed Neukrug -
\Also a cognitive developmentalist. His work is similar to Perry's. He noted that college
students initially think that their professor has all the answers (dualistic), but gradually
get to a more relativistic way of thinking and realize that answers exist that are relative
to a given situation. (Memory technique: "What do you THINK about Ed nuking the
rug??" Think= cognitive dev, Ed Neukrug.)
Robert Kegan -
\Yet another adult cognitive developmentalist. SPecifically with interpersonal
development. His theory was called the Constructive Model of Development- people
construct reality throughout the lifespan.
, What are Piaget's stages of Cognitive Development in order? -
\Sensorimotor; Preoperational; Concrete; Formal. These stages must occur in order, but
may be experienced at varying ages.
What is the major critique of Jean Piaget's research? -
\He spent too much time observing his own kids, and thus drawing his conclusions from
a small, specific, population.
Who formulated the very first intelligence test? -
\Alfred Binet. In France. Oh la la!
What is a t test? -
\Also known as the Student's t, it is a statistical test used in formal experiments to
determine if a statistical significance exists between the means of two normally
distributed groups.
Define Conservation. -
\A substance's mass, weight, and volume remain the same even if it changes shape. It
most likely refers to volume and mass, though. A child who has not mastered this
concept will not have flexible thinking. (Mastered during Piaget's Concrete Operational
stage 7-11 years)
Symbolic Schema -
\A schema is a system where the child tests out things in the physical world. An
example of a symbolic schema is when a child uses a pie plate as a steering wheel
(because it fits into the schema they have created for "Steering Wheel") This occurs in
the Preoperational Stage.
David Elkind's research supports what Piagetian concept? -
\Elkind's statistical research supports Piaget's principle of conservation, with mass being
the first and most easily understood concept for children, followed by weight and volume
respectively.
Lawrence Kohlberg expanded on Piaget's conceptualization of what type of
development? -
\Moral development.
Define Epigenetic -
\Epigenetic is the biological term borrowed from embryology. Each stage emerges from
the one before it. It is systematic and follows a specific order.
Who is the father of American Behaviorism? -
\John B. Watson. He coined the term "behaviorism" in 1912.
define Reversability. -
\the notion that one can undo an action, hence an object can return to its initial shape.
And Answers.
What does CACREP stand for? -
\the Council for the Accreditation and Counseling Related Educational Programs
What does CCE stand for? -
\Center for Credentialing and Education, inc
What does REBT stand for and who is the main theorist associated with it? -
\Rational Emotive Behavioral Therapy; Ellis.
Name Freud's Psychosexual stages of development. -
\Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latent, and Genital. (Mnemonic device: Oh, Anthony, Please Let's
Go!)
Describe Erik Erikson's stages. -
\Erik Erikson is an Ego psychologist and a disciple of Freud. His 8 stages focus on
social relationships, therefore they are called psychosocial. Each stage has a crisis that
must be overcome in order to move on to the next stage. His stages are Trust v.
Mistrust; Autonomy v. Shame/doubt; Industry v. Inferiority; Initiative vs. Guilt; Identity v.
Role confusion; Intimacy v. Isolation; Generativity vs. Stagnation; Integrity vs. Despair.
(Mnemonic device: The Air In Iceland Is Icy, Greenland Isn't.)
define psychometric. -
\pertaining to mental testing and measurement
define psychodiagnostic -
\the study of personality through interpretation of behavior and non-verbal cues; or
labeling a client in a diagnostic category.
define psychopharmacology -
\the study of the effects drugs have on psychological functions.
What is the id? -
\the basic instinct principle in Freudian theory. It is the seat of aggression and sexual
impulse. It is devoid of logic and time orientation. It is chaotic and bodily focused.
What is the ego? -
\this is the reality principle in Freudian theory. It indicates power of reasoning and
control over behavior. It helps keep the impulses of the id in check.
What is the superego? -
,\the superego is the moralistic and idealistic principle in the Freudian theory.
Which group of theorists believe "if you can't measure it, it doesn't exist"? -
\Behaviorists. They focus on O.O.B. The observable, objective behaviors. (My AP psych
teacher in HS called it the O.O.B. tampon. gross, but it helped me remember it!)
Who is the only psychoanalyst with a developmental theory that covered the entire
lifespan? -
\Erik Erikson's Psychosocial stages covered the entire lifespan. Each stage has a crisis
or turning point.
What theory is A. A. Brill associated with? -
\Career theory
Milton H. Erickson is associated with... -
\Brief psychotherapy and hypnosis.
What field is Jean Piaget associated with? -
\Cognitive Child Development
Who is Jay Haley and what is the nature of his contribution to counseling? -
\Haley is most famous for his work on strategic and problem-solving therapy, more
specifically with his use of the paradox technique. He also studied with Milton Erickson.
Arnold Lazarus -
\He is a known behavioral therapist who worked specifically with methods of
desensitization and phobias. He is most associated with Multimodal Therapy.
William Perry -
\He is known for his work in adult cognitive development, specifically with college
students. He worked a lot with the concept of "dualistic thinking" among college
students, where everything is either black or white. (Memory technique: think of Katy
Perry's song Hot and Cold to associate Perry with dualism.)
Ed Neukrug -
\Also a cognitive developmentalist. His work is similar to Perry's. He noted that college
students initially think that their professor has all the answers (dualistic), but gradually
get to a more relativistic way of thinking and realize that answers exist that are relative
to a given situation. (Memory technique: "What do you THINK about Ed nuking the
rug??" Think= cognitive dev, Ed Neukrug.)
Robert Kegan -
\Yet another adult cognitive developmentalist. SPecifically with interpersonal
development. His theory was called the Constructive Model of Development- people
construct reality throughout the lifespan.
, What are Piaget's stages of Cognitive Development in order? -
\Sensorimotor; Preoperational; Concrete; Formal. These stages must occur in order, but
may be experienced at varying ages.
What is the major critique of Jean Piaget's research? -
\He spent too much time observing his own kids, and thus drawing his conclusions from
a small, specific, population.
Who formulated the very first intelligence test? -
\Alfred Binet. In France. Oh la la!
What is a t test? -
\Also known as the Student's t, it is a statistical test used in formal experiments to
determine if a statistical significance exists between the means of two normally
distributed groups.
Define Conservation. -
\A substance's mass, weight, and volume remain the same even if it changes shape. It
most likely refers to volume and mass, though. A child who has not mastered this
concept will not have flexible thinking. (Mastered during Piaget's Concrete Operational
stage 7-11 years)
Symbolic Schema -
\A schema is a system where the child tests out things in the physical world. An
example of a symbolic schema is when a child uses a pie plate as a steering wheel
(because it fits into the schema they have created for "Steering Wheel") This occurs in
the Preoperational Stage.
David Elkind's research supports what Piagetian concept? -
\Elkind's statistical research supports Piaget's principle of conservation, with mass being
the first and most easily understood concept for children, followed by weight and volume
respectively.
Lawrence Kohlberg expanded on Piaget's conceptualization of what type of
development? -
\Moral development.
Define Epigenetic -
\Epigenetic is the biological term borrowed from embryology. Each stage emerges from
the one before it. It is systematic and follows a specific order.
Who is the father of American Behaviorism? -
\John B. Watson. He coined the term "behaviorism" in 1912.
define Reversability. -
\the notion that one can undo an action, hence an object can return to its initial shape.
