History 105 TAMU Exam 2 Questions With Expert Solutions |Updated & Verified

History 105 TAMU Exam 2 Questions With Expert Solutions |Updated & Verified Northwest Ordinance 1787 - -creates 3-5 territories -model of how to admit new states -gurantees residents right to trial by jury, freedom of religion, due process -outlaws slavery in the region Problems with articles of confederation - * A capital on the run * Failures in Indian affairs * Diplomatic humiliation (by failure to compensate for American debts owed to GB, GB troops remained in US) * Economic crisis (Federal govt. cannot raise taxes, and therefore cannot raise enough money) * Fear of the majority (too much liberty) Shay's rebellion - Lead by Danial Shay who was a soldier in the Continental Army Shay had a plot of land earned through military service, which was free, so there was no property tax The state began to tax free land, and Shay and other farmers were unable to pay their taxes Those who weren't able to pay these property taxes were arrested, had their land taken away, fined, etc. Shayites (farmers who agreed with Shays' ideology of the tax) protested the tax in town halls Debtors want govt. to protect property against creditors Shay and his Shayites raided national armory in protest Significance of shays rebellion - -articles of condeferation are not strong enough -fear of the elite majority The Philadelphia/Constitutional Convention - Urban overrepresentation Rural underrepresentation How democratic is this?: Mainly only the elite at this meeting Delegates agreed that simply amending the AoC was not enough, and that a complete restructuring of the constitution was necessary Became a private event, and the public were not allowed The Philadelphia/Constitutional Convention unifying themes: - * Failures of the Confederation - amend or discard? * Sense of mission * Checks and balances * Fear of Anarchy * Consent of the people * Fear of external threats * George Washington (appointed executive) The Philadelphia/Constitutional Convention Competing interests: - *Central govt. - how much stronger?; how democratic? * Slavery/count slaves? * Commerce vs. agriculture? * Small vs. large states - number of representatives? * The Virginia Plan * The New Jersey Plan * Women --- Judith Sargent Murray --- "On the Equality of Sexes" (1790) --- "Order of Nature" demanded full equality between the sexes Who created the Virginia plan - James Madison and Edmund Randolph The Virginia Plan - Represents the desires of large states -bicameral congress by population -upper house nominated by lower house Bicameral Congress: * People of the senate would be elected by state legislators * Reps. of House of Reps. elected by white male popular vote * Proportional representation (reps. based on state's population) * Executive with veto power and could appoint officials * Supreme court to deal with legal matters How many executives in Virgina plan - one with veto power and then a supreme court Who created the new jersey plan - william paterson New Jersey Plan - Represents the desires of small states Unicameral Congress: * Equal representation of each sate in Congress * Plural executive with no veto * Supreme court Judith Sargent Murray - -Wrote order of Nature -was an early American advocate for women's rights - Argued that differences were because of prejudice and discrimination - "Order of Nature" was corrupted by men The Grand Committee - -Compromise saves the constitution -Export taxes prohibited -Selection of chief executive -Electoral College -President cannot declare war or make peace, Congress holds that power