Biology 203 Exam 3(2024 Latest Update)(Graded A+)

Molecular Biology - ANSWER The branch of biology that focuses on studying the molecules that create cells Started with the discovery of DNA Gene Expression - ANSWER The process of converting information in the DNA into molecules that do things Mutation - ANSWER A permanent change in the cells gene (DNA) Mutant - ANSWER The individual that carries the mutation Null Alleles - ANSWER Alleles that do not function One gene-one enzyme hypothesis - ANSWER Each gene has a function to make one enzyme Metabolic Pathway - ANSWER A series of steps which convert the initiate substrate into a product Genetic Screen - ANSWER A technique that picks up particular mutants from randomly selected mutants i.e. being able to identify an individual based off a mutant they contain Messenger RNA - ANSWER Single stranded molecule of RNA that carries information from the DNA that is contained inside the nucleus to the cytoplasm which is where protein synthesis can take place RNA polymerase - ANSWER DNA is able to create a molecule of RNA by catalyzing nucleotides that code for the correct bases in an RNA sequence i.e. DNA- RNA complementary strand made Central Dogma - ANSWER Information flow of DNA to RNA to Protein creation Transcription - ANSWER The use of RNA polymerase by DNA to create a complementary RNA base sequence