PSY 600 - Final Exam 2024 Questions And Complete
Solution Updated
What is the essential feature of separation anxiety disorder? What is the
necessary duration of symptoms? (DSM 190-1)
The essential feature of this condition is excessive fear or anxiety concerning separation
from home or attachment figures. Duration is 4 weeks in children, 6 or more months in
adults.
What is involved in a specific phobia (Criteria A)? Examples? How do the terms
"almost always," "actively avoided or endured," and "out of proportion" apply?
Duration? (DSM 197-8)
Marked fear or anxiety about a specific object or situation (e.g. flying, heights, animals,
seeing blood). "Almost always, actively avoided/endured, out of proportion" apply as
additional diagnostic criteria which indicate panic occurs nearly every time phobic
stimulus present and that individual intentionally behaves in ways designed to
prevent/minimize contact with phobic stimulus. Fear is out of proportion to actual danger
that object/situation poses.
What are the first 2 DSM criteria for social anxiety disorder (social phobia)? Note
the terms "almost always," "avoided/endured," and "out of proportion." What is
the "performance only" specifier? (DSM 202)
The first two criteria for this condition are:
Criteria A - Marked fear or anxiety about one or more social situations in which the
individual is exposed to possible scrutiny by others.
Criteria B - Fear that individual will act in a way or show anxiety symptoms that will be
negatively evaluated (embarrassing, rejection from others).//
"Almost always, actively avoided/endured, out of proportion" apply as additional
,diagnostic criteria.//
The "performance only" specifier describes performance fears that are typically most
impairing in their professional lives (e.g. musicians, dancers, athletes, etc.) or in roles
that require regular public speaking. Performance only individuals do not fear/avoid
nonperformance social situations.
Are the panic attacks in panic disorder expected or unexpected? Is one attack
sufficient? In addition to panic attacks, what else has to occur for 1 or more
months (Criterion B)? What has to be "ruled out" to arrive at the diagnosis of
panic disorder (Criterion D)? (DSM 208-9)
Panic attacks in panic disorder are unexpected. //
Attacks must be recurrent. //
In addition to panic attacks, either one or both must be present:
1- persistent concern about the attacks/consequences or 2- a significant maladaptive
change in behavior. //
To arrive at this diagnosis, you must rule out that the disturbance is not better explained
by:
another mental disorder (e.g. social anxiety disorder, specific phobia, OCD, PTSD,
separation anxiety disorder).
What are a couple of psychoactive substances that can produce panic attack?
(DSM 213)
Cocaine, amphetamines, caffeine, cannabis, withdrawal from alcohol & barbiturates can
produce this condition.
What are some of the major symptoms of a panic attack? How many symptoms
are required? How quickly does it reach its peak? When are panic attacks used as
a specifier? (DSM 214)
Major symptoms include: palpitations, sweating, shaking, shortness of breath, feelings
of choking, chest pain, nausea, dizziness, among others.//
Four (or more) symptoms required. //
Reaches its peak within minutes.//
Used as a specifier when it is present in the context of any anxiety disorder or other
mental disorder (except for: panic disorder).
, Differentiate between expected and unexpected panic attacks (DSM 215)
Expected panic attacks are attacks for which there is an obvious cue or trigger.
Unexpected panic attacks are those for which there is no obvious cue or trigger at the
time of occurrence (e.g. relaxing or asleep).
What are 2 types of settings/situations involved in agoraphobia? What is the
source of perceived threat for a person with agoraphobia? Note the strategies of
avoidance, companion, or endurance. What is meant by "panic-like symptoms"?
(DSM 217-8)
Two types of settings/situations involved in this condition are:
using public transportation (e.g. buses, trains)
being in open spaces (e.g. parking lots, bridges.//
The source of perceived threat is escape might be difficult or help not available in event
of developing panic-like symptoms or other incapacitating or embarrassing symptoms.//
The agoraphobic situations are actively avoided, require the presence of a companion,
or are endured with intense fear or anxiety.//
"Panic-like symptoms" refer to any of the 13 symptoms included in the criteria for panic
attack (e.g. dizziness, faintness, and fear of dying).
What are characteristics of generalized anxiety disorder? (DSM 222) How does
this diagnosis seem different from specific phobia or social anxiety disorder?
Excessive anxiety and worry, occurring more days than not for at least 6 months, about
a number of events or activities. 3 or more symptoms from list of 6: restlessness,
fatigue, difficulty concentrating, irritability, muscle tension, sleep disturbance.//
This diagnosis is different from social anxiety disorder in that SAD have anticipatory
anxiety about being evaluated by others vs GAD worry whether or not they are being
evaluated.
When is a diagnosis of substance/medication-induced anxiety disorder given?
(DSM 226) (See "Associated Features" DSM 228-9). When does "anxiety disorder
due to another medical condition apply? (DSM 230)
-Criterion A: Panic attacks or anxiety is predominant in the clinical picture
-Criterion B: There is evidence from the history, physical exam, or lab findings that both:
1. Symptoms in Criteria A developed during or soon after substance intoxication or
Solution Updated
What is the essential feature of separation anxiety disorder? What is the
necessary duration of symptoms? (DSM 190-1)
The essential feature of this condition is excessive fear or anxiety concerning separation
from home or attachment figures. Duration is 4 weeks in children, 6 or more months in
adults.
What is involved in a specific phobia (Criteria A)? Examples? How do the terms
"almost always," "actively avoided or endured," and "out of proportion" apply?
Duration? (DSM 197-8)
Marked fear or anxiety about a specific object or situation (e.g. flying, heights, animals,
seeing blood). "Almost always, actively avoided/endured, out of proportion" apply as
additional diagnostic criteria which indicate panic occurs nearly every time phobic
stimulus present and that individual intentionally behaves in ways designed to
prevent/minimize contact with phobic stimulus. Fear is out of proportion to actual danger
that object/situation poses.
What are the first 2 DSM criteria for social anxiety disorder (social phobia)? Note
the terms "almost always," "avoided/endured," and "out of proportion." What is
the "performance only" specifier? (DSM 202)
The first two criteria for this condition are:
Criteria A - Marked fear or anxiety about one or more social situations in which the
individual is exposed to possible scrutiny by others.
Criteria B - Fear that individual will act in a way or show anxiety symptoms that will be
negatively evaluated (embarrassing, rejection from others).//
"Almost always, actively avoided/endured, out of proportion" apply as additional
,diagnostic criteria.//
The "performance only" specifier describes performance fears that are typically most
impairing in their professional lives (e.g. musicians, dancers, athletes, etc.) or in roles
that require regular public speaking. Performance only individuals do not fear/avoid
nonperformance social situations.
Are the panic attacks in panic disorder expected or unexpected? Is one attack
sufficient? In addition to panic attacks, what else has to occur for 1 or more
months (Criterion B)? What has to be "ruled out" to arrive at the diagnosis of
panic disorder (Criterion D)? (DSM 208-9)
Panic attacks in panic disorder are unexpected. //
Attacks must be recurrent. //
In addition to panic attacks, either one or both must be present:
1- persistent concern about the attacks/consequences or 2- a significant maladaptive
change in behavior. //
To arrive at this diagnosis, you must rule out that the disturbance is not better explained
by:
another mental disorder (e.g. social anxiety disorder, specific phobia, OCD, PTSD,
separation anxiety disorder).
What are a couple of psychoactive substances that can produce panic attack?
(DSM 213)
Cocaine, amphetamines, caffeine, cannabis, withdrawal from alcohol & barbiturates can
produce this condition.
What are some of the major symptoms of a panic attack? How many symptoms
are required? How quickly does it reach its peak? When are panic attacks used as
a specifier? (DSM 214)
Major symptoms include: palpitations, sweating, shaking, shortness of breath, feelings
of choking, chest pain, nausea, dizziness, among others.//
Four (or more) symptoms required. //
Reaches its peak within minutes.//
Used as a specifier when it is present in the context of any anxiety disorder or other
mental disorder (except for: panic disorder).
, Differentiate between expected and unexpected panic attacks (DSM 215)
Expected panic attacks are attacks for which there is an obvious cue or trigger.
Unexpected panic attacks are those for which there is no obvious cue or trigger at the
time of occurrence (e.g. relaxing or asleep).
What are 2 types of settings/situations involved in agoraphobia? What is the
source of perceived threat for a person with agoraphobia? Note the strategies of
avoidance, companion, or endurance. What is meant by "panic-like symptoms"?
(DSM 217-8)
Two types of settings/situations involved in this condition are:
using public transportation (e.g. buses, trains)
being in open spaces (e.g. parking lots, bridges.//
The source of perceived threat is escape might be difficult or help not available in event
of developing panic-like symptoms or other incapacitating or embarrassing symptoms.//
The agoraphobic situations are actively avoided, require the presence of a companion,
or are endured with intense fear or anxiety.//
"Panic-like symptoms" refer to any of the 13 symptoms included in the criteria for panic
attack (e.g. dizziness, faintness, and fear of dying).
What are characteristics of generalized anxiety disorder? (DSM 222) How does
this diagnosis seem different from specific phobia or social anxiety disorder?
Excessive anxiety and worry, occurring more days than not for at least 6 months, about
a number of events or activities. 3 or more symptoms from list of 6: restlessness,
fatigue, difficulty concentrating, irritability, muscle tension, sleep disturbance.//
This diagnosis is different from social anxiety disorder in that SAD have anticipatory
anxiety about being evaluated by others vs GAD worry whether or not they are being
evaluated.
When is a diagnosis of substance/medication-induced anxiety disorder given?
(DSM 226) (See "Associated Features" DSM 228-9). When does "anxiety disorder
due to another medical condition apply? (DSM 230)
-Criterion A: Panic attacks or anxiety is predominant in the clinical picture
-Criterion B: There is evidence from the history, physical exam, or lab findings that both:
1. Symptoms in Criteria A developed during or soon after substance intoxication or
